Sweet pepper, which today is one of the favorite crops of many gardeners, differs according to a variety of criteria.
Groups are distinguished according to the timing of ripening, the shape and weight of the fruit, as well as the growth and development of the bushes. According to the last criterion, pepper varieties and hybrids can be determinate and indeterminate. There is also another group of semi-children occupying an intermediate position.
Characteristic
Indeterminate varieties and hybrids can reach up to 2 meters or more in height. Their bushes are heavily leafy, with large leaves of rich green color. Plants differ not only in height, but also in their spreading nature and strong branching.
In greenhouse farms, powerful large-fruited hybrids with a long fruiting period are grown on an industrial scale. They are designed for heated greenhouses, and these peppers require significant costs.
But there are indets for ordinary film or polycarbonate unheated greenhouses, and they are successfully grown by gardeners in various regions of Russia. Of course, it is better to select early ripening peppers in order to guarantee time to get a harvest in conditions of an unpredictable short summer. But today, productive early-ripening and mid-ripening indeta peppers have been bred, which are quite suitable for cultivation even in such regions as Siberia and the Urals.
Reviews
I am one of the tall ones and have been planting Yellow Bell and Prestige for several years now. Both are good varieties, the first grows up to a meter, the second - almost one and a half meters. The fruits are large, those of Prestige are red, those of Kolokol, as the name suggests, are yellow. I picked them green all summer and stuffed them just like that. The taste is excellent, only the last ones have ripened for me. I collect my own seeds, but now I don’t buy them anymore. Just don’t plant sweet peppers next to hot peppers, otherwise they will pollinate.
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Last year I grew Bosun and also the American crown. Giants grew up, tall, almost two meters. The leaves are dark, but the brushes are good. I thought that there would be few fruits or that I overfed the bushes and they were fattening. But in fact, these are peppers with a lot of leaves and a lot of fruits. The peppers grew large, but not all of them ripened on the bushes; I removed them. Now I will always grow these varieties, I want to keep an eye on a couple of these same giants.
Indeterminate varieties of sweet pepper are tall hybrid plants. The height of the bush can reach 2.6 m, while the height of ordinary bushes does not exceed 60 cm.
Properties
Previously, it was believed that indeterminate peppers were late-ripening varieties and hybrids, but modern selection has stepped far forward. Gardeners are offered many varieties of tall peppers with early ripening periods.
The height of such peppers often exceeds two meters, and unlike determinate varieties, they require pinching of the growing point. Also, indeterminate peppers require mandatory pinching and bush formation.
Early-ripening indets can produce their first fruits within 100 days after the first shoots appear; mid-ripening ones will have to wait about 130 days. Late-ripening varieties bear fruit later than everyone else, after 140 days or more, and these are best grown in the south or in heated greenhouses.
Many agricultural companies are engaged in breeding work and offer varieties and hybrids of indeterminate peppers, characterized by less branching and a sparse bush habit. This greatly simplifies the care of tall “heroes”, without affecting the crop’s yield. Such hybrids bear fruit well in unheated greenhouses, produce a large number of fruits, and the harvest ripens earlier.
The fruits of such hybrids are large; this group often includes varieties with thick-walled peppers, excellent for stuffing and making lecho. In addition, experienced gardeners know that the fruits of indets are much tastier than those of early determinate peppers (although a lot depends on the care and proper agricultural practices of the plants). The correct choice of variety or hybrid of tall, productive early peppers will allow you to obtain good yields even in regions of risky farming.
Our story will focus on some of the varieties most beloved by gardeners.
Pepper care after planting
Traditionally it consists of watering, fertilizing, pruning and shaping the bush. More details about each item.
Watering and fertilizing
Khalif, like other pepper varieties, is afraid of droughts, so it needs to be watered every 2-3 days (morning or evening), and on dry days - both in the morning and in the evening. The crop especially needs moisture during the period of fruit ripening: if there is insufficient watering, the walls of the fruit will be thin. The optimal water temperature for irrigation is +22…+25ºС. Water for irrigation can be heated in the sun throughout the day. You can stop moisturizing only during periods of prolonged rain. Type of irrigation: drip.
Important! When watering the Khalif pepper, be careful not to let the water get into the foliage, as this can cause burns as the water dries out in the sun. In addition to moisture, pepper needs fertilizer. During the season you need to organize 3-4 feedings
So, after planting, seedlings may wither. To stimulate its growth, you need to feed it with ammonia (10 g acid / 10 l water). You can also resort to the help of drugs such as Humate or Novosil
During the season you need to organize 3-4 feedings. So, after planting, seedlings may wither. To stimulate its growth, you need to feed it with ammonia (10 g acid / 10 l water). You can also resort to the help of drugs such as Humate or Novosil
In addition to moisture, pepper needs fertilizer. During the season you need to organize 3-4 feedings. So, after planting, seedlings may wither. To stimulate its growth, you need to feed it with ammonia (10 g acid / 10 l water). You can also resort to the help of drugs such as Humate or Novosil.
If the weather is hot outside for a long time, Khalif must be sprayed with Epin to relieve stress.
During flowering, pepper needs complex fertilizing, which is necessary for the formation of ovaries. It is best to purchase fertilizers in specialized stores; the preparations Bud and Ovary, which contain azophoska, kemira, and crystallons, are suitable.
To improve the taste of the fruit, a week before harvesting, Khalif is fed with a solution of potassium sulfate (15 g / 10 l of water) and superphosphate (20–30 g of the substance is dissolved in 10 l of water).
Trimming
Experienced gardeners advise pruning pepper bushes during the growing season. This procedure is necessary to ensure that the branches do not shade each other. Its essence is to shorten long shoots. It is recommended to carry out such manipulations every 10 days, and they should not stop even after harvesting the fruits, since new ones will ripen.
Bush formation
Forming a pepper bush involves removing all the side shoots that grow below the first fork and the growing point. Also, experienced gardeners advise removing the first Khalifa flower in order to obtain a good harvest.
Important! The shoot removal procedure should be carried out in hot but humid weather, since in hot and dry weather the leaves prevent moisture evaporation
Overview of Indeterminate Peppers
By choosing an indeterminate variety of pepper, with good care you will get juicy large fruits containing a very large amount of vitamins.
Vanguard
The group of mid-early varieties includes the Avangard pepper, which is distinguished by its high yield and very tasty fruits. It is successfully grown in greenhouses, but keep in mind that the variety is powerful and vigorous.
Its stem reaches a height of 250-300 cm, the plant is spreading, heavily leafy. At the height of fruiting, the bush is hung with prism fruits weighing up to 350-400 grams. Avangard’s bright red peppers are thick-walled, the thickness of the walls is up to 7 mm. They are distinguished by their juiciness and excellent taste. Peppers are suitable for all types of canning, for preparing various culinary dishes, and are suitable for stuffing.
The variety is very productive, and by providing it with care and proper nutrition, you can get up to 17 kg per square meter.
ON A NOTE! The Avangard variety is resistant to most pepper diseases.
It is not recommended to thicken the plantings; no more than three pepper bushes are planted per square meter.
Antey
In ancient mythology, Antaeus, the son of the legendary Poseidon, was a giant. The fruits of this variety of pepper also differ in size and weight. The height of the bush reaches 80 cm, the pepper is powerful, spreading, a real Antey.
The first fruits can be harvested after 125-130 days (technical ripeness); until the first “wave” fully ripens, you will have to wait about 160 days. Peppers have a prism-shaped elongated shape, the color of the fruits in a state of full biological maturity is bright red. The weight of the peppers is 300 grams, the wall thickness is up to 7-9 mm.
The taste is excellent, while the fruit pulp contains a large amount of dry matter (up to 8.5%), as well as ascorbic acid.
It is grown through seedlings and produces higher yields in greenhouses. The variety is resistant to various diseases and is in deserved demand among gardeners.
Aries
Hybrid F1 Aries will pleasantly surprise you with large and juicy fruits, while the indet is early ripening. The bush grows fruits weighing up to 250-300 grams, each length is up to 8-10 cm. The shape is prism-shaped, the wall thickness is 5-6 mm.
It is recommended to plant seedlings of this hybrid at the age of 60 days, the ripening time is 110 days (fruits are in a state of technical ripeness).
The hybrid is distinguished by its yield (up to 14 kg per square meter) and resistance to infections. It begins to bear fruit early, with the harvest period extending until autumn.
This pepper requires good nutrition; the quality and quantity of fruit depends on the correct choice of site.
Bogatyr
It is no coincidence that this variety received such a name - both the bush itself and the fruits are heroic. The variety is mid-season, about 125-130 days pass before the first fruits are harvested. The cubed fruits are bright red, dense, weighing up to 180-200 grams. The peppers are smooth, beautiful, with a gloss on the surface of the skin.
In the south it grows well in the open air; in all other regions of Russia it is grown only in greenhouses to obtain a high yield. The bush grows up to 75-80 cm, requires gartering and shaping.
The pulp of the fruit is juicy and very sweet. Feature of the fruits of the Bogatyr variety: high content of ascorbic acid. The variety is produced by different manufacturers, so there may be some differences in the shape of the fruit (prisms or “cubes”), as well as in weight and length.
ON A NOTE! The Bogatyr variety does not reduce productivity even in low light conditions.
Boatswain
Heavy, weighing up to 350-500 grams, the fruits of this variety of sweet pepper are also distinguished by their excellent taste. Boatswain is an amazing variety of pepper that belongs to the indets, but at the same time will delight you with a relatively early harvest. Ripening time is 120 days, but it will take about another month to pick red peppers.
The bush is powerful, with a large number of leaves, height - up to 250-300 cm. The peppers are drooping, very large prisms, with clearly defined chambers. Pericarp – up to 8 mm. The pulp is juicy and sweet.
This variety is recommended for heated greenhouses; it is also successfully cultivated in film and polycarbonate conventional greenhouses. It bears fruit for a very long time, with even fruit production. The yield is high; with proper care, you can harvest up to 17-18 kg per square meter.
Bourgeois
The hybrid yellow sweet pepper Bourgeois F1 is also distinguished by its powerful tall bush. The fruits ripen at about 110 days; the peppers are beautiful, even, and at biological ripeness have a bright yellow color. By planting Bourgeois, you can grow peppers weighing up to 250 grams.
The surface is slightly ribbed, but in the upper part there are clearly defined 3-4 edges, the stalk is slightly pressed into the base.
Up to 40 fruits can ripen on a bush, but this is only subject to good care and good nutrition.
The overall yield is high, while the hybrid is distinguished by long-term fruiting and very high taste qualities of peppers.
ON A NOTE! It is recommended to form a hybrid with two stems. In this case, a garter to a trellis or stakes is required.
The most optimal planting scheme for Bosun bushes is three plants per square meter.
Vesper
When technically ripe, Vesper's fruits are yellowish, but when fully ripe they are red. The variety is productive, unpretentious, and very resistant to temperature changes.
Vesper's bush is tall, up to 120 cm. The plant is of medium foliage, with drooping pepper cones. The weight of the fruit can reach up to 90 grams, the taste is not bad.
The peppers are elongated, there is a slight waviness, the stalk is not depressed, the tip of the fruit is sharp.
According to the ripening period, Vesper is an early pepper; the fruits can be harvested after 105-108 days.
Grenadier
Agro has developed a whole series of productive indets hybrids that have proven themselves well in different regions of Russia. And the hybrid Grenadier F1 is precisely from this group – powerful and sweet peppers.
The hybrid ripens on the 120th day (technical ripeness), is distinguished by very early flowering, as well as friendly fruit production. The bush reaches a height of up to 240-280 cm, so this parameter must be taken into account when selecting a greenhouse.
ON A NOTE! The Grenadier is formed into two stems with a mandatory garter.
The fruits have the shape of a prism, the “spout” is sharp, the mass of peppers is up to 500-600 grams. The fruits are thick-walled, the pericarp is 7-10 mm. This pepper is ideal for stuffing, preparing a wide variety of culinary masterpieces, as well as preparations. The peculiarity of the hybrid is that the fruits are suitable for transportation, can withstand long-term storage, and do not lose either their taste or presentation. Gardeners also value the variety for its resistance to many diseases and stable yield.
Interventionist
At first glance at the fruits of this pepper variety, it seems that it is not sweet, but hot. But this is not so, the fruits of Intervent are very juicy, sweet, and tasty. The variety is tall, the bushes are powerful, heavily leafy.
The fruits are drooping, very long cones, weighing up to 200-230 grams. The stalk is not depressed, the walls of the fruit are up to 5 mm thick, which is not a record, but they are very juicy and sweet. Inside there are three chambers, a lot of seeds. During the period of technical ripeness, the peppers are green, later, after about 28-30 days, they become bright red.
The first peppers can be removed from the bush after 120 days, this will give the plants the opportunity to form subsequent fruits. 3-5 plants are planted per square meter of ridge in the greenhouse, but the degree of illumination is taken into account.
Forward
The fruits of the Forward variety reach almost 500 grams, and such figures are, of course, impressive! Indeterminate pepper has a very powerful, tall bush - up to 270-280 cm. It is recommended to grow the variety in a greenhouse; in open beds the yield is much lower.
The foliage is strong, the fruits are cylindrical, aligned and beautiful. The peppers are drooping, at first they are green in color, later, in a state of biological maturity, they become red. The peculiarity of the variety is thick-walled fruits, pericarp - up to 10 mm.
Peppers are suitable for storage and transportation, so the variety is recommended to be grown on an industrial scale.
IMPORTANT! Forward is a sweet pepper variety with very stable yields. Even in unfavorable conditions, very good harvests can be harvested.
The planting scheme is no more than three plants per “square”, and it is advisable to follow this recommendation.
Prestige
Many gardeners prefer varieties with fruits of universal purpose. We recommend trying the Prestige pepper variety - indeterminate, very powerful and productive.
The plant reaches a height of approximately 300 cm (in heated greenhouses), in ordinary summer greenhouses - up to 180-200 cm. Prismatic, drooping fruits are formed on strong, heavily leafy branches. The color is green at first and deep red when ripe. The weight of Forward's peppers is up to 300-450 grams, while they are distinguished by their fleshy pulp, juiciness, and thick walls (up to 7-9 mm).
There are usually four chambers inside the fruits, the taste of the peppers is excellent. Used for canning, stuffing, salads, lecho. Excellent for side dishes (baking, stewing).
ON A NOTE! The Prestige variety is very resistant to the tobacco mosaic virus.
A mandatory garter is required; the bush is usually formed into two stems. The first fruits can be harvested already on the 120th day, while the fruiting of the variety is extended, so the peppers are harvested until autumn.
How to grow
Atlant pepper is a hybrid, which means that it makes no sense to harvest the seeds of this variety yourself. The harvest obtained in this way will differ in the quality and abundance of fruits. That is why seeds of the Atlant variety must be purchased each time in specialized stores. The producer in this case is domestic selection zoned for central Russia. It is suitable for growing in open areas of the ground and under film cover, in greenhouses. It is recommended to grow the crop on loose soils with abundant addition of organic matter. The optimal microclimate is fairly dry air, moist soil and a temperature of +20-+25 0 C. In domestic conditions, for cultivating Atlant peppers, it is necessary to use the seedling method.
It is recommended to sow seeds of the Atlant variety for seedlings in mid-March. It is first recommended to germinate the seeds in a damp cloth or gauze patch. The temperature for rapid seed germination should be slightly above +25 0 C.
To grow seedlings, you should select containers with a diameter of at least 10 cm. The best option in this case are peat pots, which can later be embedded in the ground without removing the plant and without injuring its root system. Soil for cultivating seedlings can be purchased ready-made or you can prepare a mixture yourself by mixing garden soil with peat, compost, sawdust (sand). Plant the seeds in prepared containers to a depth of 1 cm.
Seedlings that are 40-50 days old are planted in the ground. At the same time, the street temperature should be stable, without the threat of prolonged cold spells. Two weeks before picking, it is recommended to harden the plants by taking them outside. This will prepare the young peppers for natural atmospheric conditions.
In addition, intense solar radiation can cause burns to plants.
Atlant pepper bushes are compact, but quite tall (up to 1 m). That is why breeders recommend planting plants in soil no thicker than 4 pcs/m2. Immediately after the peppers adapt to new microclimatic conditions, they must begin to form into 2 stems. This is done by pinching the main shoot and removing the stepsons. Also, tall bushes must be tied up.
During the growing season, plant care consists of regular watering, fertilizing, and loosening. It is recommended to water abundantly 2-3 times a week; plants should be fed once every 20 days. As a fertilizer, you can use organic matter or special complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other microelements necessary for the crop to thrive and bear fruit. Treatment with chemicals to protect peppers from diseases is not required, since the Atlant variety is not affected by most common viruses. For more information on growing delicious bell peppers, watch the video:
The active fruiting phase of peppers of the Atlant variety begins 120-125 days from the day of sowing the seeds. With appropriate care, the yield of the hybrid is high and reaches 5 kg/m2 in open ground conditions. When grown in a greenhouse, this figure can be significantly increased.
Atlant peppers are successfully grown not only by experienced, but also by beginning farmers. The variety is unpretentious and allows every gardener to get a rich harvest of tasty, large peppers. Due to its excellent characteristics, the culture has received many positive reviews. Those gardeners who are just faced with choosing a variety rely on them. This exchange of experience is the reason that over the years the army of fans of the Atlant variety has been constantly growing.
Features of indeterminate varieties
Thanks to the work of breeders, gardeners have the opportunity to choose and grow not only early determinate varieties, but also more productive indets. Of course, the agricultural technology of these peppers has a number of features that must be taken into account when choosing varieties.
- For growing in greenhouses in the summer season, it is necessary to choose indeterminate early or mid-season varieties and hybrids. Late indets require more time to grow, so you may not get enough fruit.
- Such varieties require mandatory shaping and garter. It’s easier with compact, low-growing peppers, but their fruits are smaller in both weight and size.
- Indets (especially hybrid peppers) require adequate nutrition, good lighting, and fertile soil. But they will reward you with a high harvest and tasty fruits.
Indeterminate peppers are good because they have a long fruiting period. This is explained by the fact that more fruits are set on tall bushes; peppers form and ripen gradually, right up to autumn.
Many modern hybrids of the indeterminate type are resistant to diseases and bad weather conditions. You can always choose a variety or hybrid that will be optimal for a particular greenhouse (in terms of size, compactness of the bush). There is a large selection of peppers in terms of ripening time, and if previously there were mainly only late varieties, now gardeners have many early and mid-ripening varieties at their disposal.
Yes, such peppers require a special approach, especially when it comes to the formation of bushes, pinching, and pinching. But at the same time, all the efforts pay off with excellent results, and as practice shows, many gardeners are satisfied with this choice.
A true Caucasian variety with strong immunity - Antey F1 pepper: characteristics and description
Among the numerous varieties of sweet peppers, many vegetable growers liked the large-fruited Antaeus F1. This mid-season beauty is suitable for temperate latitudes and southern regions, it is characterized by heat resistance and strong immunity.
Description and characteristics of the variety
Bell pepper Antey is actively cultivated in the middle zone, Kuban, Crimea, Ukraine and Moldova. The culture is thermophilic and copes well with periods of heat.
- average weight 200-250 g;
- maximum weight about 300 g;
- the wall is thickened, solid meat (width 9-10 mm);
- When ripe, the color is burgundy-red;
- the shape is similar to a truncated cone;
- pronounced juiciness;
- the skin is strong, glossy;
- There are 3-4 seed chambers, the seeds are easily removed.
Peppers are distinguished by their pronounced sweetness and meatiness, giving a refined taste to salads and side dishes. The fruits are suitable for canning, lecho, sauces, and are used in stuffed recipes. They go well with meat and vegetable dishes.
Advantages and disadvantages
- marketable beautiful appearance;
- large fruit;
- massive harvests;
- tolerance to periods of heat;
- resistance to verticillium wilt;
- transportation without mechanical damage;
- possibility of wide application;
- high level of sugars and ascorbic acid.
Minuses:
- the need for planting in fertile, loose soil;
- thermophilicity.
Landing
Pepper Antey F1 is grown through seedlings. Planting begins in the 2-3rd decade of March. Containers and peat pots are used for containers. For disinfection, seeds are dipped in potassium permanganate and soaked in agents with an antifungal effect such as Maxim or Fitosporin.
The optimal soil composition for peppers should include turf, compost, peat (2 parts each) and sand for looseness (1 part).
The soil mixture is also subjected to disinfection treatment:
- irrigation with manganese solution;
- roasting in the oven for 30 minutes;
- pouring boiling water.
To make the seeds germinate faster, the containers are covered with fiber or film. For 10 days, maintain the regime at 25 degrees.
With the appearance of loops above the surface, the seedlings are moved to a cooler place with a temperature of 17-18 degrees. Water through a sprayer.
Growing and care
Cultivation agricultural technology includes regular watering and fertilizing. At first, nitrogen compounds (nitroammophosphate, solutions of mullein and manure) are applied as fertilizers. From the moment of flowering, complexes are used - Dobrivo, Agricola, Impulse. When tying, phosphorus-potassium supplements are important.
Growing on site
Summer residents recommend growing the crop using seedlings. The only disadvantage of the method is that the pepper has sensitive and vulnerable roots.
To prevent this from happening, the seeds are planted in separate containers. In which they will grow for 60 days, or peat pots. Seedlings are fed with growth stimulants or organic matter.
When planting in the ground, place 6-7 plants per 1 m2. Watering, loosening and weeding are mandatory agrotechnical requirements that must be fulfilled to obtain a full result.
Water the peppers often, not forgetting about fertilizing with complex preparations. Then the crust that forms on the surface is loosened.
