Elegant Efimova.
Description of the variety
The Naryadnaya Efimova pear variety is an autumn variety, but many put it on the list of late summer varieties. It ripens right in the middle between the two seasons. The tree is large and productive, and the pear is loved for its taste far beyond Russian territory.
Pear blossom.
Characteristics of wood
The pear has a fast growth rate, reaching a height of up to 5 meters. Its crown is medium dense, pyramidal in shape. The main branches extend from the trunk at an acute angle. The bark is smooth, gray in color. The shoots are straight, slightly geniculate.
The leaves are large, dark green, smooth. The flowers are white. Fruiting is of mixed type, fruits are set on simple and complex ringlets, spears and fruit twigs.
Description of fruits
Grusha Efimova.
The fruits are medium-sized, regular elongated pear-shaped, weighing 90-120 grams. Sometimes there are specimens weighing up to 180 grams. The skin is smooth; during technical ripeness, the color of the fruit is greenish-yellow with a red blush on most of the fruit and a large number of subcutaneous points.
At consumer maturity they become yellow with a crimson-red blush. The pulp is dense, juicy, semi-oily, white with a creamy tint. The taste is sweet and sour, slightly tart with a pleasant aroma. Tasting assessment of appearance - 4.5 points, and taste - 4 points.
Caring for pears Elegant Efimova
The Naryadnaya Efimova variety does not require special conditions for growth, but proper care improves the quality of the fruit. Culture needs:
- watering;
- fertilizer;
- pruning branches.
Watering
The watering schedule depends on weather conditions. During spring planting, the pear is watered once every 2-3 days. In summer, during dry weather, the soil is irrigated every day. Autumn seedlings are watered abundantly during planting. One plant requires 10 liters of water.
Watering is best done by sprinkling. If it is not possible to use this method, water is poured under the root in several passes.
After irrigation and rain, the ground near the tree is loosened, otherwise the top layer of soil will harden. The root system is also mulched to slow down the process of moisture evaporation.
Fertilizer
In the first year after planting, seedlings do not need feeding. In the second year, apply organic fertilizer containing the following mineral components:
- nitrogen - 0.5%;
- potassium - 0.3%;
- phosphorus - 0.3%
1.5 kg of fertilizer is applied to one seedling. Nitrogen is added only in early spring; in summer, the pear is prepared for wintering; additional growth stimulation can harm the plant.
Foliar fertilizer plays an important role in fruit development. Before flowering, the ovaries are sprayed with a 3% superphosphate solution.
To strengthen the trunk and branches, use a 2% urea solution. Spraying is carried out 10 days before the flowers begin to form.
Oxidized soil can cause the tree to become deficient in calcium. Ash helps to avoid this. Pour 3-4 cups under one seedling. The soil is treated in a similar way in the first days of September.
Crown formation
Due to the fact that the crown of Naryadnaya Efimov is prone to thickening, it must be pruned annually. In this case, the cut is made at the very base, leaving no stumps. In addition, they do sanitary pruning, removing all damaged and diseased branches.
Trimming
The formation of the crown is carried out in early spring. At this time, the plant has not yet restored its usual metabolic rate after wintering, so pruning the branches does not cause injury to it.
In the first year after planting, the tree does not need pruning. In the second year, the first tier of the crown is formed, leaving 2 well-developed branches, the rest are cut off into a ring. For the procedure, special garden pruners are used. If you do not prune, the pear will begin to grow unevenly. This will lead to different branches bearing fruit at different times.
The first flowering of the seedling is cut off. Without such a procedure, the tree will not have enough strength to take root in an open area.
Rejuvenation
Old branches are periodically removed to rejuvenate the tree. Young shoots are left in their place. This procedure is carried out once every 4 years.
Loosening and weeding of the tree trunk circle
After each watering or heavy rainfall, it is necessary to loosen the soil so that it is not too dense. To avoid the appearance of weeds, regularly weed the tree trunk and mulch the ground.
Harvesting and storage
In the conditions of the Central region, it is best to collect fruit at the end of August and beginning of September. Pears are removed from the branches in a still unripe state. The main color during this period is green-yellow with a red blush. Fruit should not be allowed to ripen on the branches. If the fruits are overcooked, their pulp becomes too crumbly, watery and tasteless.
After picking, it is advisable to let the fruits lie in a cool place for about 14 days. During this period they will have time to fully ripen. Shelf life: no more than 1 month at a temperature of plus 2 degrees. Fruits are eaten raw, added to creams, cakes, pastries, and meat dishes. They make desserts, jam, compote, marmalade.
Preparing for winter
The winter hardiness of the Elegant Efimova pear is average, so it is worth taking care of shelter for the winter, especially in regions with a cold climate. The tree trunk circle should be mulched with humus, branches and trunks should be cleared of dry bark, and whitened with garden paint.
Whitewashing will prevent the appearance of frost holes, which often occur during sudden changes in winter temperatures. In the bright sun, the tree bark heats up and thaws; at night, the temperature drops sharply, as a result of which the bark cracks.
It is better to insulate seedlings in the first years. In established cool weather of -2°C, tree trunks are wrapped with agrofibre and kraft paper. In winter, snow is thrown onto the tree trunk circle.
For the winter, the pear trunk is wrapped with kraft paper or agrofibre - such materials allow air to pass through and retain heat.
Spring frosts are more dangerous for pears. Buds are damaged at -4°C, open flowers die at -1°C. You can create more comfortable conditions for flowering trees using smoke, as a result of which the air temperature near the plantings increases by 1–2°C. In the morning, heaps of straw and dry manure, sprinkled with a small layer of damp earth, are set on fire. Burning for 2–3 hours, they produce a large amount of smoke.
Treatment with the phytohormone Gibberellin (100 mg/10 l) will also help the tree recover after damage to flowers. The next day after frost, the solution is sprayed over the crown.
How to increase yield: tips and tricks
To increase the yield of the Naryadnaya Efimova pear, experienced gardeners recommend planting pollinating varieties nearby. The distance to them should be no more than 60 m.
Reviews
Galina
Vasilyevka
Pears of the Naryadnaya Efimova variety are beautiful, and if picked in time, they are juicy and tasty. It doesn’t last long, but it makes fragrant jam.
Konstantin
Samarka
There are several varieties of pears in our garden, including Naryadnaya Efimova, which ripens earlier than others. The tree in our area tolerates winter well.
Vladimir
Zhdanovka
My family, children and grandchildren love pears very much. That’s why we have 3 different varieties of pears in the garden; Naryadnaya Efimova is already bearing fruit. The pears are tasty and juicy. The tree is not affected by scab and is resistant to pests
Harvest and storage
A distinctive feature of the variety is that the fruits are picked unripe and left to lie for 2-3 weeks before eating. During this time, the color of the pears becomes even brighter and more saturated. If you wait for complete ripeness on the tree, the taste of the fruit decreases, it acquires a viscous, watery structure and easily disintegrates.
Did you know? Since ancient times, the strength of pear wood was known in Rus', so it was from it that special relief bases for traditional printed gingerbread were made.
The ripening time of pears depends on the climate. In cool and not too sunny weather, harvesting begins at the beginning of September, in long sunny periods - at the end of August.
The main color of the fruit during this period is green-yellow with a red blush. Pears of this variety are perfectly stored in a dark and cool room with a temperature of about +2°C. They can also be left in the refrigerator. Moreover, the average storage duration is 2–3 weeks, and the maximum is about 30 days.
Elegant Efimova is an excellent variety for both personal gardens and industrial plantings. Fast growth, tasty, “picture-like” fruits, excellent immunity and frost resistance - all these are the characteristics of a real ideal pear beauty!
Landing
The root system of young seedlings of Naryadnaya Efimova is very sensitive and therefore, properly planted, can significantly affect the development of the young tree. It is also important to take into account the timing of disembarkation. Detailed instructions and tips on this issue can be found in the articles below.
How to plant a pear tree correctly
At what distance to plant pears?
How to choose pear seedlings
How to replant a pear
What amateur gardeners say
Reviews from gardeners:
April:
“My Nyaryadnaya Efimova grows and bears fruit every year. I can say from experience that it is not worth picking green fruits from a branch (at least for this variety), because they are dry and completely tasteless. But when they become yellow and fill with juice, and this happens, as a rule, in mid-August and at the same time for all fruits, then they themselves begin to fall rapidly. This is probably a distinctive feature of this variety. This year they ripened two weeks earlier and the very last ones are already hanging, out of reach of the fruit picker.”
Source diz-cafe.com
Maribo:
“I have Naryadnaya Efimova grafted onto Lada, where there are several other varieties. So, it was the first to ripen, and by August 5th it was all eaten. Everyone really liked it."
Source www.websad.ru
Chamomile13:
“The elegant Efimova is not reliable enough in terms of winter hardiness. Even in Mordovia, I do not offer this variety as seedlings to local gardeners. Grafting into the crown of a winter-hardy variety will do. But the taste qualities of Naryadnaya Efimov are not high (at “3+”).”
Source yagodka.club
Care
The pear responds well to anti-aging pruning, fertilizing and timely watering. More useful information and recommendations for growing the Naryadnaya Efimova pear variety can be found by clicking on the links below.
How to care for a pear Pruning a pear Pruning a columnar pear Treating a pear from diseases and pests Feeding a pear How to water a pear
History of selection and region of breeding
The variety was bred in the mid-30s in VSTISP, Moscow . The pear variety was obtained by hybridizing the varieties “Tonkovetka” (High-yielding ancient Russian variety) and “ Lyubimitsa Klappa ” (Unpretentious variety to grow with high taste).
Reference . The best scientists, candidates, professors, laureates of state prizes, famous breeders and researchers of the capital carry out their activities in the VSTISP organization. Laboratories and scientific departments are open here, in which research into new breeding forms and hybridization of fruit and berry crops is carried out.
The originator of the variety is Efimov Viktor Aleksandrovich.
In 1974, the variety entered the state register and was distributed throughout the central part of the country .
The variety takes root well in the Moscow, Leningrad, Ivanovo, Yaroslavl, Smolensk, and Oryol regions.
And also in garden plots in Bryansk, Kaluga, Kostroma, Tula, Tver, Ryazan .
Grows well in Moldova, Kazakhstan, Estonia, Ukraine, Belarus . Every year it covers new territories.
In these regions, pear varieties also perform well: Krasnobokaya, Elena, Vernaya, Victoria and Lada.
Diseases and pests
The Elegant Efimova pear has high resistance to scab. However, during times of mass spread of the disease, the tree and fruits may become infected. To avoid infection and carry out prevention correctly, we recommend that you read a number of articles at the link.
Dangerous Pear Pests
Pears often suffer from pests, they affect the leaves, bark and fruits.
In this article, we have selected 11 of the most harmful insects that harm pear trees, and also ways to destroy them.
Diseases of pear trees
To get what they cherish, gardeners have to work hard, and the reason for this is pear diseases.
Read about 19 common pear diseases and how to combat them.
Features of planting work
Like all pears, Elegant Efimova loves light and warmth. It is better to plant trees on the south side of the site, in clearings sheltered from the wind.
Selecting a location
Dressy Efimova loves a lot of sunlight. It is not advisable to plant it in the shade of other trees. It will not be able to fully develop, and the fruits will be sour and tasteless. If the groundwater level is too high, you need to drain the soil before planting. It is better to plant the tree on a small hill. Too flooded soil leads to the death of the tree.
The tree takes root well in poor soil. It is preferable to plant pears on black soil. Loamy and sandy soil is suitable for planting. True, you will need to apply fertilizer under the roots. The acidity of the soil should be average.
Boarding time
Elegant Efimova can be planted in spring or autumn. Spring planting is preferable for cold regions. When the temperature outside is stable above zero, and the buds on other trees have not yet bloomed, the pear can be planted in the ground. In countries with warm climates, Naryadnaya Efimova is planted in the fall. Usually - 14 days before the onset of frost.
Selection of seedlings
It is better to buy seedlings in nurseries, along with a certificate. The age of the planting plant is 1 or 2 years. Young trees should have a well-developed root system.
The graft should be visible 10 centimeters from the root collar of a healthy varietal seedling.
Trees that are too large do not take root well. It is better to take seedlings up to 1.5 meters in height, which are in the package. Subsequently, the tree can be planted in open ground along with a lump of earth. In this case, the roots will not be injured.
Correct fit
Before planting, you need to make a pit 14 days before planting. Size - 1 meter wide and 75 centimeters deep. The soil must have time to settle. Before planting, the roots of the tree are immersed in water with the addition of a fertilizer such as potassium humate (2 tablespoons per 10 liters of liquid).
You need to prepare the soil with which the roots will be sprinkled. To it you need to add 1 bucket of humus, half a kilogram of ash or 100 grams of potassium sulfide, 100 grams of superphosphate. If the soil is acidic, add half a kilogram of lime to it. Before planting, sandy soil is fertilized with 2 buckets of humus and 10 kilograms of clay.
How planting occurs: fertilized soil is poured into the bottom of the hole, the tree is lowered from above and covered with soil up to the root collar. After planting, pour 2 buckets of water under the roots.
The yield of this variety depends on the correct planting not only of Naryadnaya Efimova herself, but also on the trees that will be nearby. The following types of pears should be planted in one area: Marble, Lyubimitsa Yakovleva, Bessemyanka.
