Potato varieties: names, descriptions and photos of varieties

Potato classification

An important criterion by which potato varieties are classified is the period of fruit ripening, and the purpose of the vegetable also plays an important role.

Classification of different types, taking into account the ripening period of the tuber:

1. Early - a fruit that ripens in about 40 or 56 days. The period of possible growth and development of the fetus takes from 2.5 to 3 months.
2. Mid-early. Young fruits are formed approximately 2 or 2.5 months after they were planted. The growing season averages from 3 to 3.5 months.
3. Mid-ripening - potato fruits approximately 2.5-3 months after planting in the soil. The growing season takes 125-140 days.
4. Late ripening - new tubers are formed approximately 2.5 months after they were planted. The growing season lasts more than six months.

Varieties of tubers according to purpose:

• table fruits - fruits with a pleasant taste and a pulp structure that does not tend to darken after peeling or damage, as a rule, are used for food;
• technical - the category includes medium and late types of potatoes, which contain starch from 15 percent, are used in industry, namely, to isolate starch, as well as industrial alcohol;
• feed - these include fruits with a high harvest rate, which contain a lot of protein;
• universal - fruits with an average ripening period, distinguished by taste and yield, as well as a structure that does not begin to darken after damage, are used for all purposes.

Note: for the production of semi-finished products, for example, crackers, chips, etc., potato varieties are selected that differ in starch content - at least 20%.

Classification

According to the State Register of Russia, there are more than 300 varieties of tuber crops that are approved for use in different regions of the country. Their number increases every year. The number of seeds of foreign selection permitted for sale in our country is growing.

All varieties are divided into several types according to characteristics:

• by type of potato: table variety, technical variety, fodder variety, universal variety;
• by ripening period: ultra-early, early, middle and late ripening;
• types of soil for growing: sandy, clay soils;
• productivity;
• degree of disease resistance;
• resistance to natural disasters (sharp cold snaps);
• taste;
• presentation;
• shelf life.

These indicators play an important role when choosing seed. Gardeners can choose, based on varietal data, which potatoes are best suited for growing on their plots with different types of soil. They also calculate what harvests to expect, how to prepare for proper care of the plantings, so as not to lose some of the fruits due to technology violations.

Early varieties

Potatoes, which ripen in a short period of time, are divided into 3 more subgroups, namely: ultra- and mid-early, as well as early-ripening.

Early varieties include the following varieties:

• Riviera;
• Colette;
• Luxury;
• Luck;
• Meteor;
• Openwork;
• Amur;
• Tanay;
• Banana;
• Bravo;
• Northern;
• Miner;
• Dolphin;
• Ilyinsky;
• Leader.

And also Isle of Jura, Evolution, Madeira, Molly, Nandina, Natasha, Uladar, Early Morning, White Rose, Azora, etc.

Impala

This is a striking example of potato varieties native to Holland. Impala has a smooth but firm skin and sandy flesh. The eyes are smaller than average, the shape of the potato is large, oval, but sometimes round.

Starch – 12-14%, the weight of one specimen ranges from 95 to 150 g.

Potatoes can be planted in the southern as well as northern regions of Russia.

Vineta

The Vineta variety of potatoes does not require special care conditions, but is distinctively tasty. It has medium friable pulp that is yellow in color. The fruits are oval, slightly oblong, sometimes round. The weight of one specimen is approximately 75-120 grams, but there are fruits weighing up to 400 grams.

Starch – 12-15%. The color of the skin can range from light brown to dark yellow.

Karatop

The German variety Karatop is characterized by a round, sometimes oval shape with a thick but smooth skin. The mass of the specimen is approximately 85-140 grams. The pulp is granular in structure and light beige in color. The size of the eyes is small, they are almost invisible.

Starch – 13%. Potatoes are tasty, they are a table variety, but they are often used in industry.

Jewel

A yellow variety of potato with a similar fruit color in cross section. The specimens are medium in size, weighing approximately 73-145 g. The fruits are usually elongated, oval in shape.

Starch – 11-16%. From one Jewel bush you can collect 15 or 20 tubers. It can be planted in any soil, because the variety does not require special care and is able to grow in central Russia.

Elmundo

This is a variety originally from Holland, distinguished by its taste and dense structure, which does not overcook for a long time. The color of the shell, as well as the fruit, is yellow and light lemon, respectively.

Starch – 11-14%. The average weight of an elongated specimen is approximately 105-130 g.

Jelly

It is a German variety. Externally, it has an elongated, ellipsoidal shape and a dark yellow peel. The color in the section is golden. The average weight of a specimen is approximately 100 g.

They stand out for their taste and the quality of their pulp, which does not turn black after peeling. Potatoes can be planted in any area with moderate humidity.

Colombo

A lemon-colored Dutch table variety with elliptical or spherical fruits. The weight of the specimen is approximately 80-130 g. Starch - 11.8-15%.

It has normal taste with minimal crumbling. The color in the section is lemon. It is recommended to plant potatoes only in warm soil.

Potato varieties for different regions of the country

The climate of different regions of the country is different. Therefore, for each zone, potatoes are selected that can bear fruit well in certain weather conditions.

Rodrigo and Gala

For the Moscow region

The climate is temperate continental with relatively mild winters and rainy summers. The first frosts are possible from mid-September.

It is recommended to plant the best early varieties: “Impala”, “Nevsky”, “Zhukovsky”, “Spring”, “Udacha”, “Bellarose”, “Sineglazka”, “Bryansky early”.

For Siberia

A territory with a sharply continental climate, with late spring frosts, short summers and heavy rains at the end of summer.

In such conditions, early and middle varieties are grown: “Tuleevsky”, “Nevsky”, “Adretta”, “Impala”, “Udacha”, “Lyubava”.

For the Urals

A short warm period is typical, especially in the north and central part of the region. Choose early and middle varieties for cultivation: “Udacha”, “Timo”, “Riviera”, “Impala”, “Gala”, “Nevsky”.

Central Russia

It is characterized by a temperate climate with high humidity. The warmest time is from late May to mid-September. The best potato varieties for the middle zone:

• early - “Bellarose”, “Impala”;
• middle ones - “Rosara”, “Sante”, “Slavyanka”;
• later ones - “Picasso”, “Nevsky”, “Zhuravinka”.

For southern regions

Characterized by hot summers and lack of moisture. The extra-early varieties “Udacha”, “Impala”, “Alena”, “Zhukovsky” produce a harvest before the onset of heat. They are grown twice per season.

With sufficient watering, late varieties are grown: “Nevsky”, “Temp”, “Picasso”, “Nikulinsky”.

Mid-season potatoes

Fruits belonging to mid-season varieties are distinguished by their immunity to various diseases, as well as by a longer shelf life than early ones. In addition, the species stand out for their excellent taste. Starch – from 11 to 22%.

Some of the most popular and sought-after varieties are shown in the table:

Note: it is not possible to grow a late-ripening variety, such as Ivan da Marya (with white flesh and scarlet skin), in Russia due to the fact that the variety has too long a ripening period.

In addition, the varieties include:

• purple cornflower;
• Belarusian variety Vector;
• dining room Pennant;
• Gulliver;
• Kemerovo resident;
• Kiwi;
• Svitanok Kyiv;
• Kolobok;
• Handsome;
• Krone;
• Courage;
• Lady Claire;
• Lapot;
• Lina;
• Lorch;
• Lighthouse;
• Labella;
• Nakra.

And also Ramos, Skarb and Synok (Belarusian potatoes).

Potato varieties for mashed potatoes and baking

Crumbly, tender puree can rightfully be considered our traditional national dish. It is prepared in almost every family, and therefore there are enough varieties of potatoes intended for mashed potatoes on the market.

Aurora

The medium-sized, pinkish Aurora potatoes are quite popular - when cooked, they almost immediately turn into a puree on their own. However, it is not often grown, since most of the tubers grow very small.

Adretta

The mid-early German variety was considered a fodder variety in Germany for a long time, but in Russia it showed itself well. Adretta's keeping quality and boiliness make it almost ideal for winter dishes.

Aspia

The light yellow flesh of Aspia almost does not darken; its medium-sized tubers can survive until spring without damage. Some people think these potatoes have a fruity flavor, but in reality they are just sweet.

Vector

Mid-season crumbly potatoes of the Vector variety appeared on Russian shelves quite recently. It is great for purees and stores well, but it is not yet clear whether it will be popular with gardeners.

Blue

This variety is easily confused with Sineglazka (by the way, it is not officially in the register) due to the similar white flesh, blue eyes and starchiness. However, it is suitable not only for purees, but also for baking.

Zhuravinka

Belorussian potatoes, the Zhuravinka variety that recently appeared on sale, are traditional, in our understanding, potatoes. It is moderately crumbly, with yellow flesh and pink skin, stores well and is suitable for all types of dishes.

Zekura

The fast-ripening potato variety of the hardy Zekura variety is resistant to many diseases, has beautiful smooth tubers with yellow skin and a pleasant taste. It can be stored for six months, so it is equally popular among sellers and ordinary summer residents.

Lorch

Lorch's popularity flourished in the first half of the 20th century, and now, alas, he is losing in the fight against competitors. The white skin and tender pulp are ideal, the puree from it turns out delicious, but growing Lorch is not easy. This variety is susceptible to almost all potato diseases, and therefore it rarely reaches harvest.

Melody

Crumbly potatoes of Dutch selection were created just for the Russian consumer - their consistency is suitable for mashed potatoes, and their keeping quality is suitable for our long winter.

Santa

A very heat-loving and productive variety, resistant to all viruses, but extremely demanding on soil temperature. The tubers store well. However, these potatoes can only be grown in the south of the country, and in the middle zone they simply will not grow.

Northern lights

This unusual variety with purple-yellow flesh is almost universal in terms of use, but the easiest way to preserve its color is by boiling it in its skin or baking it. The history of its appearance on the Russian market is quite interesting: in France there is an incredibly expensive variety of Vitelotte potatoes, which was loved by Alexandre Dumas, but could not be crossed. But here we were able to “tame” it and get a new unusual variety.

Sineglazka

Every summer resident of the older generation knows and loves Sineglazka, because for a long time it was the main variety of potato grown in the vast expanses of our country. It is easy to distinguish by its characteristic purple spots and veins on the peel, but on sale they often try to pass off other similar varieties as it, for example, of Scottish selection.

By the way, Sineglazka was not included in the State Register because it “failed” the tests for storage in piles. Then the variety was given to summer residents for cultivation, because the tubers were stored normally in small cellars.

Purple Haze

You can also find different varieties under this name, because it first went on public sale, and only a few years later it was registered in the State Register. Lilac mist stores well, is also suitable for baking, and thanks to its thick peel, it suffers less from pests.

Luck

The oval, smooth tubers of this early-ripening variety are resistant to waterlogging, so Udacha can be grown in regions with rainy weather or in areas where moisture stagnates. The taste of potatoes is high, but they are stored very poorly. The pulp of Luck darkens both from blows and on its own, so it simply won’t last until the New Year, much less until spring.

Cast iron

One of the oldest varieties grown today was known in Russia even before the revolution. It is distinguished by powerful tops, dense peel, white pulp and high starch content. But, unfortunately, Chugunka is practically helpless in the face of pests and diseases.

Beautiful view

An important criterion for good potatoes, in addition to taste and size, is their beautiful presentation, especially when the crop is grown for sale.

Rocco

Potatoes from Holland, which stand out due to their appearance: the fruits are red, rounded and ellipsoidal in shape. When cut, the flesh is egg-colored. The weight of the specimen is 120 g. If you carefully fertilize the soil, the tuber can increase to 255 g.

Rocco has high taste and the ability to harvest up to 395 kg per 100 m2. The variety easily adapts to harsh climates and can be grown even in Siberia.

Red Fantasy

The Dutch variety Red Fantasy has a beautiful dark pink color and carrot-colored flesh. The mass of 1 neat tuber of an oblong-ellipsoidal shape with a slight elongation is 145 g.

Starch – 15-20%. The potatoes cook slowly and taste a little sweet. The buds are small and shallow.

Granada

A variety of potato originally from Germany, classified as new because it was developed only in 2015. Tubers with an ellipsoidal shape and a smooth, straw-colored skin. The fruits are almost identical in weight and volume, the weight of 1 reaches 110 g. In cross-section, the potatoes are sand-colored.

Starch – from 13 to 17.5%. Taste qualities are above average. The shell is thin, but durable; when the integrity of the cover is damaged, it does not turn the flesh into a different color. Slowly softens during cooking. From under one bush you can get about 10-15 potatoes.

Mid-season potato varieties with detailed descriptions

belongings

A very productive variety that will produce up to 650 centners per hectare. The tubers are not only large, but also extremely tasty. It is not afraid of major diseases, but a variety such as late blight will cause a lot of problems for tops and tubers.

Dubrava

A table variety, which is also facilitated by the excellent taste and optimal properties of the tubers. Can be grown in almost any type of soil. The yield is high - up to 540 centners per hectare. Copes well with all kinds of diseases and infections. Long-term transportation and storage will not spoil the taste and external qualities of the tubers.

Sap

The variety is interesting because it can withstand drought, but does not tolerate excessive watering. Otherwise, the tubers will begin to crack. Tubers can be stored for an extended period.

This variety can successfully fight back against the main types of infections and diseases. It is considered high-yielding at rates up to 550 centners per hectare.

Krinitsa

The variety germinates well in one-dimensional soil. Capable of surprising with high yields, reaching 500 centners per hectare. The tubers are distinguished by their excellent taste and ability to be stored for a long time without changes. The variety is not afraid of most viruses and infections.

Yanka

The variety is characterized by impressive yields, which can reach almost 630 centners per hectare! Tubers can surprise you with both their taste and long-term storage. Potato nematode and various viruses are not dangerous for this variety, but wet rot and late blight can cause a lot of complications for it.

Delicious types of potatoes

Gardeners distinguish 5 varieties of the most delicious varieties of potatoes: Pai, Dauphine, Picasso, as well as Tuleevsky and colored (purple, black, red and blue) potatoes Gourmand, Tiras, Trust, Santark, etc.

Picasso

It belongs to the Dutch variety, which also has another, alternative name - “limon”. The tubers are spherical or ellipsoidal in shape, light straw in color. The peel is thin, there are not deep red eyes.

Picasso is a productive variety and from an area of ​​100 m2 you can dig up to half a ton of tubers. The flesh is sandy in color, almost uncooked, and can be eaten directly in the peel. It is stored for a long time, has high taste, adapts to temperature changes, and grows almost throughout the entire territory of Russia.

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The tubers of the variety called “Pai” have a round, sometimes elongated ellipsoidal shape. The color of the cover is lemon, the flesh is egg-colored. The skin has slight roughness, the eyes are large.

The variety is productive; from 100 m2 you can harvest up to 380 kg of potatoes. The fruits are tasty and large. The weight of one piece can reach 410 g. The skin is thick, it is not recommended to eat the fruit with it.

Tuleevsky

The fruits are spherical in shape, gray-yellow in color. Potatoes are usually large, the color of the pulp when cut is creamy. The variety takes pride of place in the list of the ten best varieties of Russia.

Tulevsky matures quickly. The skin is thin, with roughness. It turns out to collect a lot of harvest, approximately 405 kg from an area of ​​100 m2. It does not require special conditions during cultivation and is suitable for different climates.

Dauphine

It belongs to the pink variety of Dutch potatoes, which benefits from its delicious taste and average yield (up to 225 kg of potatoes can be dug from a plot of 100 m2). The tuber has an elliptical, elongated shape and a light scarlet color. The fruit when cut has a rich lemon color.

The weight of a piece reaches 350 g with good soil fertilization. From under one bush you can get from 13 to 19 pieces. Stores well for a long time. The buds on the peel are light, not particularly large.

Multicolored

The most delicious are blue, purple, black and red tubers. Blue varieties are commonly called the “elixir of youth” because their composition is rich in useful elements. Tubers stand out from other varieties in that they not only have an exotic appearance (see photo below), but also have unusual taste.

Varieties of colorful potatoes:

• Tiras;
• Gourmet;
• Santarka;
• Confidence;
• Scottish black;
• Black Prince;
• Chinese truffle;
• Lilac haze;
• Black woman.

The fruits have not only a bright peel, but also a corresponding color in the cut. The shape is spherical and elliptical, the peel is quite dense, so the tubers are suitable for long-term storage.

When looking at the fruits, one gets the impression that there are dyes in the product, but this is not at all the case; the potatoes received their color naturally. The taste of the product has light notes of nuts.

The average mass of a specimen is approximately 100 g; the composition contains a small amount of starch, but a large amount of antioxidants.

Mid-early potato varieties: the best varieties

Romano

The variety was bred in the Netherlands. Its value lies in its high yield, large tubers (up to 182 grams), as well as their taste characteristics. Late blight is its main problem. He can easily cope with other diseases.

Russian souvenir

This variety is more popular in the North Caucasus region. The tubers of this variety are oval and tasty. Can be stored for a very long time. The yield per hectare ranges from 165 to 365 centners.

Odysseus

The variety was bred in the Central Black Earth region. Tubers are well stored and transported without loss of quality. Excellent taste characteristics. The yield of the variety reaches 300 centners per hectare.

Visa

This is a very productive variety that, under favorable conditions, will delight you with more than 460 centners of tasty potatoes per hectare. The resulting harvest can be stored for a long period.

Santa

Champion among productive varieties! The maximum yield reaches 570 c/ha. Purpose – cooking food and potato chips. It has tremendous protection against late blight, as well as a number of other diseases.

The tubers turn out to be very tasty and can be stored and transported for a long time without losing their presentation.

Yield varieties

As a rule, potato varieties are classified as elite (the best) varieties due to the significant size of the tubers and high fertility rates.

List of elite varieties (in kg per plot of land measuring 100 m2):

• Yanka - up to 315;
• Melody – up to 335;
• Red Sonya – up to 335;
• Romano - up to 340;
• Rosara – up to 410;
• Favorite – up to 425;
• Queen Anne - up to 500;
• Idaho - up to 560;
• Gala – up to 600;
• Bellarosa – up to 360;
• Crane – up to 640;
• Luck – up to 1400.

In addition, varieties with a significant yield indicator include Lugovskoy, as well as Zhukovsky early and Nevsky.

A video with additional information can be viewed here.

Nevsky

A variety of tubers with light sandy skin and white flesh. The harvest can be within the limits of 350 kg per 1 sq.m. Tubers grow well at different air temperatures.

A mandatory requirement for planting is the use of tubers that have not sprouted. Also, for planting material, it is not recommended to use fruits that sprouted in winter; you should take potatoes with the onset of spring.

Zhukovsky early

It belongs to a variety of white potato variety; the weight of the fruit after harvesting is approximately 405 kg per hundred square meters; with careful care, the number of copies can increase. The variety tolerates unstable weather conditions well and adapts to both cold and drought.

The fruits are pink in color, symmetrical ellipsoidal in shape, the skin is of medium thickness, without roughness. The eyes are red, large and shallow.

Lugovskoy

The white variety of Lugovskaya potatoes can only be grown on high ridges. It is possible to harvest a crop from an area of ​​100 m2 in approximately half a ton. The shape of the tuber is ellipsoidal, slightly elongated. The structure is crumbly and boils relatively quickly. The peel is sandy, sometimes pink, and the cut fruit is white.

The average weight of a plake specimen reaches 130 g. Potatoes are quite nutritious because they contain protein.

The most productive

Idaho

The advantages of this variety are that it is early ripening, ripens in 60-70 days, in addition, the variety gives a high yield - up to 550 c/ha, even when grown at home.

Interesting! Almost every restaurant prepares a dish of the same name from the Idaho potato variety. These are large fruits with a regular shape, which are cut into 8 equal parts and baked with spices.

The variety exhibits good disease resistance and ripens quickly, which is why it is very popular among Russian gardeners, despite the fact that it is of American origin.

The fruit contains a lot of starch and carbohydrates and is not watery, so these potatoes are healthy and nutritious.

Characteristic:

• Early ripening (60-70 days).
• High yield (550 c/ha).
• Fruit color - beige
• The pulp is boiled.
• It is resistant to nematode diseases and cancer and blooms before the Colorado potato beetle invasion.
• Starch concentration - up to 17%.

Bellarosa (Bella Rosa or White Rose)

An early-ripening, high-yielding variety (70-80 days) with large fruits of regular oval shape and light brown color. Has excellent taste. In the southern regions of Russia, you can grow 2 crops per season.

Characteristic:

• Early ripening (70-80 days).
• High yield - up to 350 c/ha with proper watering and fertilizing.

Important! On depleted land, the Bellarosa variety will give a more meager harvest - no more than 150 c/ha.

• The peel is red.
• The pulp is light yellow.
• Starch concentration - 19%.
• During cooking, the pulp becomes crumbly.
• The average fruit weighs about 200 g, but there are specimens up to 500-600 g, especially with proper watering.
• Resistant to nematodes and cancer pathogens. When the Colorado potato beetle appears, this variety already has time to bloom.
• Keeping quality - 93%.

Advice! It is better to plant the Bellarosa variety after legumes.

You will be interested in reading: how to properly prepare potatoes for planting: germination and treatment of tubers from diseases and pests

Rosara

Early, the fruits reach technical ripeness in 76 days. The fruits are red or brown. The bushes are large, growing up to 70 cm in height. The stems are thick and strong.

Characteristic:

• Early ripening (70-80 days).
• High yield - up to 290-320 c/ha, but with proper watering and fertilizing you can get 530 c/ha.
• Peel color is red.
• The color of the pulp is yellow.
• Starch concentration - 13 - 17.5%.
• The average fruit weighs about 150 g, but there can be about 20-30 pieces under the bush.
• Resistant to powdery mildew and fungal diseases, nematodes and cancer. Weakly affected by scab and late blight.

Gala

A mid-early variety, the fruits reach technical ripeness in 60-68 days. Vegetables are large, elongated oval, yellow in color. The bushes grow up to 45-50 cm in height, have thin stems that sometimes turn yellow. To maintain the plant, it must be fertilized frequently.

Characteristic:

• Average early ripening is 60-68 days.
• High yield - 340 c/ha.
• Peel color is yellow.
• The color of the pulp is dark yellow.
• Starch concentration – 10 -13%.
• The fruit can weigh about 400 g, there can be about 4-5 pieces under the bush. With proper feeding, vegetables can be even larger.
• Resistant to cancer and nematode.
• May be susceptible to late blight and rhizoctonia.
• Not afraid of mechanical damage.
• Keeping quality - 90%.

Read about how to plant potatoes correctly in the article Methods, diagrams and rules for planting potatoes in open ground

Luck

An elite variety that requires care - it is necessary to regularly water the plants and fertilize frequently. Early ripening, vegetables reach technical ripeness in 70-80 days. With proper watering, it tolerates cold and heat well.

Characteristic:

• Early ripening (70-80 days).
• High yield - 560 c/ha.
• Peel color is beige.
• The color of the pulp is white; Starch concentration – 14%.
• The average weight is 180 g, but the fruit can weigh about 400 g and even 600 g. The bush contains about 25 tubers.
• Resistant to late blight.
• The lightness is high, it is stored for about 7-9 months.

All the varieties described above produce above average yields. However, in order to get record yields, the bushes of the crop must be cared for according to all the rules of agricultural technology.

Seed crops

It is no secret that in order to get a lot of good harvest, you need to be meticulous in choosing a suitable seed crop.

To plant areas of 100-200 m2 of land, approximately 40 or 60 kg of planting specimens will be required. It is impossible to answer unequivocally which potatoes are better than others for growing. However, among the most productive crops, which differ in their taste and ability to take root in a diverse climate, we can highlight:

• Karlena;
• Riviera;
• Vega;
• Romance.

On average, the harvest from a plot of land with a volume of 100 m2 can range from 350 to 530 kg.

Classification of varieties by growth

There are many classifications of potato varieties. The crop is divided according to its purpose, region of growth, yield, ripening time and many other parameters.

Depending on their purpose, potatoes are divided into varieties:

• dining room These are species intended for food consumption and have high, enhanced qualities;
• technical. Types of potatoes used for making alcohol and starch;
• stern Obtained specifically for livestock;
• universal. These potatoes are suitable for any application.

There are many varieties of potatoes

Note! An important condition when choosing a variety is its ability to grow in a certain area. Southern ones will not produce crops in the Siberian climate, and species suitable for growing in cold conditions will not be able to tolerate heat and drought.

Potatoes for sandy soil

Sandy soils have little moisture retention because the ground heats up quickly when exposed to warm rays and cools just as quickly when the sun goes down. The soil practically does not contain the microelements necessary for fruit growth, so in order to grow potatoes, you should additionally fertilize the soil with compost called “Elite”.

In sandy soil conditions, only those varieties that are resistant to heat can germinate: Volzhanin, Ramona, Typhoon, Rodrigo.

Ramona

The ripening period is approximately 3.5 months. The harvest from a plot of land measuring 100 m2 ranges from 105 to 148 kg.

The variety is distinguished by the fact that it can easily tolerate high air temperatures and is also not susceptible to attacks by pests such as the Colorado potato beetle. The dense shell allows the fruit to be stored for a long period of time. The shape of the tuber is ellipsoidal, the color of the peel is gray-scarlet, the pulp is sandy. The weight of one piece is approximately 85-90 g. During one season, you can harvest several times.

Volzhanin

The fruits will ripen approximately 67-85 days after they are planted. You can dig up 350 kg of tubers from a plot of land measuring 100 m2.

The specimens are spherical, slightly oblong, flesh-colored, light egg-colored in section. The weight of one specimen reaches 115 g. Volzhanin is a variety that is resistant to drought, but with low immunity to diseases.

Rodrigo

The fruits are formed in approximately 2.5-3 months. From one hundred square meters of garden you can dig up a crop weighing up to half a ton.

The Rodrigo variety is easy to grow in any soil with different temperatures. The tubers are ellipsoidal, longish in shape, light crimson in color, red in cross section. The specimens are large, the weight of one can exceed 600 g.

Seed potato varieties - choose the right ones

It is worth saying that potatoes have weaker protection against all kinds of pests and infections than other vegetables. If this is not taken into account, the tubers will work solely to survive, and not focus on a good harvest.

The only exceptions can be those varieties that successfully resist many of their varieties. But not all resistant varieties have better taste and large fruit. That is why the choice of varieties must be taken with full responsibility.

It should also be taken into account that after 3-4 years the variety will degenerate, which means that it is necessary to find an appropriate replacement for it. An ideal option would be elite planting material. It will be extremely difficult to grow it yourself, because it is a very long and intensive process that requires specific conditions.

When purchasing it, it would not be superfluous to ask the seller about the quality certificate. This is relevant due to the fact that very often sellers can offer ordinary potatoes instead of the desired elite planting material.

If you do not want the purchased planting material to become unusable too quickly, then it should be dug up before the lion's share of the harvest begins to appear.

As for the characteristics of the varieties, here it is also worth being vigilant not only regarding traditional factors (taste, yield and large-fruited size), but also several others (earliness and the place where it comes from). Compliance with the last factor will help determine the compatibility of the climate zone, which is extremely important when growing potatoes.

Varieties for clay soil

Clay soil is not suitable for planting and forming potato tubers, as it has a dense structure with low moisture permeability and high viscosity. Due to the peculiar soil, the tubers do not have the opportunity to absorb the nutrients required for growth, therefore, before planting the crop, you should improve the soil yourself by adding sand (river), ash, and sawdust.

To avoid the formation of a dense crust on top of the soil, which appears after the clay combines with liquid, it is recommended to periodically loosen the soil.

Potatoes can be grown only in two ways: in high beds or using ridges for shallow planting. In addition, it is necessary to add some kind of compost deep into the soil (at least 30 cm deep).

The following varieties of potatoes are suitable for growing in clay soil:

• Rosara;
• Glow;
• Blue;
• Gatchinsky.
• Lugovskoy;
• Istra;

However, the best variety that tolerates dry climates well is Cleopatra. The tubers of this potato are large, round in shape, and have the ability to quickly recover from damage, for example, from a shovel.

Soil types and varieties

Before planting potatoes, carefully select varieties that are suitable for specific climatic conditions in Russia, study information about potatoes, photos, characteristics, care features, and requirements for soil quality.

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It is important to create favorable conditions for the development of the potato root system for:

• full branching of sprouts from the potato queen;
• protection against overheating in scorching sunlight;
• removal of excess moisture causing tuber rotting;
• providing nutrients to the plant.

Potatoes love soil with a loose structure and neutral acidity. In light, well-aerated soil, appendages form from the mother root more easily, branch out to the sides without hindrance, and sprout without difficulty. With the emergence of seedlings above the surface, sandy loam and light soils are easier to loosen, weed, and make a ridge supporting the bush.

Potatoes for sandy soils

A garden with a predominance of soil with a high sand content is not a favorable place for growing nightshade vegetables. Potatoes do not actively develop when the soil is overheated and there is insufficient moisture. The sandy substrate is quickly heated by the sun, evaporates moisture, and is characterized by poor microflora.

Without adding organic matter to the potato field, young root crops do not form from the appendages in the overheated, dried soil, the bush does not bloom for a long time, and the roots do not develop. In a sandy substrate, only selected varieties of varieties bred specifically for such conditions can be grown.

Potato varieties for clay soils

When grown in a substrate with a high content of clay substances, the crop often experiences a deficiency of nutrients and moisture. When clay dries, it forms a dense crust that prevents rainwater or irrigation from penetrating into the lower layers. Inside the soil, the roots cannot fully develop and absorb the necessary nutrients from the ground.

Important!

Carry out loosening until the period when the potatoes are supposed to bloom. It is not recommended to disturb the crop during flowering.

To get a rich harvest, improve the quality of the soil in the field. Apply regularly organic fertilizers in the form of manure, compost mixed with sand, rotted sawdust, and wood ash. Regularly loosen the dense earthen crust that forms after the rains.

Potatoes for Siberia and the Urals

The geographical location of Siberia and the Urals makes the soil unsuitable for the growth of a wide variety of plants. Therefore, not all potato varieties will be able to develop normally during unexpected climate changes.

Early maturation

Early ripening varieties such as Lyubava and Governor are considered the most suitable for fruit formation in the soil of Siberia and the Urals.

Lyubava can produce a good harvest of 410 kg from a 100 m2 plot and does not require special care. The fruits are ellipsoidal in shape and scarlet in color. The weight of one joke is from 110 to 205 g.

Governor is an early ripening variety with a large return of seed material (more than 540 kg per 100 m2). Refers to a variety of white potatoes with medium-thick red skin. It is not picky in care and quickly adapts to the possible climate. Instances are resistant to diseases and can be stored for a long period of time.

Mid-early

Crop types with a mid-early period of fruit formation are suitable only for the climate of the Urals.

It is recommended to plant the following potato varieties:

• Nikulinsky;
• Lukyanovsky;
• Crown;
• Aspia;
• Effect.

The fruiting capacity of the varieties is above average and amounts to approximately 450 kg per 100 m2. Potatoes adapt to any climate and are also unpretentious in the choice of soil.

Universal

The most suitable universal potato variety for growing in the Urals is Sante. The fruits ripen quite quickly - in about 2.5-3 months. The specimens are ellipsoidal in shape and large in size. The peel is lemon-colored, the cut of the fruit is white. From an area of ​​100 m2 you can dig up 350-400 kg of potatoes.

On the territory of Chuvashia, as well as the Kirov region, it is possible to grow:

• Elizabeth;
• Crown;
• Olympus;
• Antonin;
• Alena;
• Master%
• Condor;
• Diamond;
• Alice.

In the north you can also try planting the Red Scarlett variety.

Mid-late potato varieties: the best of the best

Blakit

The variety is distinguished by excellent and stable yield, tasty and large tubers, as well as reliable protection against many infections and diseases, including scab, potato nematode and late blight. The growing process can be carried out on almost any type of soil.

Aurora

A high-yielding and disease-resistant variety that is considered a table variety. From one bush you can collect up to 14 tubers. They will pleasantly surprise you not only with their taste, but also with their size. Can be stored for a long period without external changes.

Ragneda

Tubers of this variety are primarily intended for subsequent sale. They are distinguished by their excellent presentation, which will not change after moderate mechanical damage, as well as excellent taste. The variety is quite resistant to potato nematodes and cancer, and is also practically immune to many viruses and ditylenchosis. You can get up to 14 tubers from one bush.

Picasso

The variety was bred in Holland. It has good protection against both known and rare diseases and viruses. One bush can produce up to 19 large tubers with good taste. Long-term storage will not affect the external characteristics.

Lasunok

The main features of this variety are its excellent taste. At the same time, the tubers are not afraid of long-term storage and transportation. The variety has good protection against all diseases except late blight.

Northwestern region and Leningrad region

To grow potatoes in the soil of the Leningrad region and the North-Western region of the Russian Federation, varieties with an early and mid-early period of tuber formation, such as Lena or Eliseevsky, are suitable; you can also take Rosinka and Krinitsa.

Hope

The Nadezhda variety does not require special care conditions and produces fruit in any soil. The specimens are large, have an elongated ellipsoidal shape, sand color, light egg flesh. Productivity is within 410-420 kg per 100 m2. The weight of one varies approximately from 90 to 155 g.

Potatoes are not attacked by the Colorado potato beetle. In addition, you can try planting the variety in the Urals.

Latona

A variety of Dutch potatoes that can easily withstand weather changes and grow in different soils. Latona has large fruits of round or ellipsoidal shape, golden color, with the same pulp. The variety can stand out due to its high taste.

The weight of one is approximately 140 g. The eyes are dark, medium-sized, and shallow.

Late potato varieties: features with illustrations

Stonefly

Phenomenal yield (up to 660 centners per hectare) makes this variety extremely attractive for summer residents. Taste characteristics are moderate, as is protection from many diseases. Growing can take place in almost any type of soil, and the tubers will last a very long time.

Atlant

Another record holder for yield among late varieties. Under favorable conditions, you can get up to 660 quintals per hectare. You should not overwater the bushes, especially during the second growing season. Taste qualities significantly exceed the norm. The variety is well protected from late blight and viral diseases, but it copes satisfactorily with potato nematode and scab.

Temp A unique feature of this variety is its easy and quick adaptability to any type of soil and potash fertilizers. It successfully resists the effects of late blight and scab, but it is necessary to protect the variety from viral diseases. The tubers have excellent taste and can be intended for processing.

Climber The variety can germinate on any soil, including peat bog. Excellent resistance to late blight, wet rot and potato nematode. The tubers turn out to be very tasty. Productivity reaches 500 centners per hectare.

Zarnitsa

To grow this variety, you need to take into account the characteristics of the soil, but you can ignore prolonged drought. It is possible to apply mineral fertilizers. One bush can produce up to 16 tubers. Potatoes taste great and can be stored for a very long time. Resistance to diseases and viruses is above average.

Source

For the Black Earth Region

The most suitable climate for the growth of all potato varieties is in the central Black Earth Region. The most suitable species for planting in this area are:

• Neptune;
• Vineta;
• Sorcerer;
• Sturdy;
• Bullfinch;
• Crown;
• Gourmand;
• Zekura;
• Laura;
• Luck;
• Sap;
• Odyssey;
• Sokolsky.

In addition, the chemical composition of the land makes it possible to grow later varieties of potatoes, for example, Picasso, Pobeda, as well as Lasunok, Lullaby and Belorussky 3.

The best varieties regarding resistance to pests and diseases

There are varieties characterized by resistance to various pests and diseases:

• They are less susceptible to late blight, which occurs under the influence of fungal microorganisms, compared to other varieties Udacha, Snow White, Korona, Lady Rosetta, Romano, Estima.
• Varieties such as Zhukovsky early, Fresco, Bryansky early, Pushkinets, Belorussky 3, Ilyinsky, Aspiya show resistance to potato cancer.
• Potato varieties such as Temp, Bryanskaya Novinka, Belosnezhka, Zarevo, Korona, Kherta, Bronnitsky are resistant to common scab.
• The varieties Prigozhiy 2, Dorisa, Sante, and Agria are resistant to potato nematodes.
• Prior, Andra, Svatova, Libana, Chernatitsa are resistant to viruses.

When choosing a variety of disease-resistant potatoes, you should pay attention to the soils in which it can grow.

For the Moscow region

The soil of the Moscow region cannot be considered fertile, therefore it is not suitable for all varieties of potatoes, which means that in order to get fruit, you need to give preference to varieties that are resistant to large amounts of moisture.

Suitable ones are:

• Timo;
• Khankkiyan;
• Ramona.

In addition, the White Spring variety takes root well; harvest approximately 425 kg of fruit from one hundred square meters of land.

Other high-yielding varieties

Which potato varieties are better: red or white?

Among others not included in the top potato varieties described above, the following deserve attention:

• "Gala";
• "Timo";
• "Impala";
• "Zhukovsky early";
• "Luck";
• "Adretta."

It is necessary to purchase varietal potatoes for planting only in specialized stores and seed farms. If you buy planting material secondhand on the market, then no one guarantees the buyer that the purchased seeds belong to one particular variety (only a specialist, a breeder can distinguish one variety from another by external signs), their germination capacity and not being infected with various infections. The purchased planting material must be large enough - the weight of individual potatoes must be at least 50-60 g. Contrary to popular opinion, small tubers, which are called “achene”, will not develop plants that are strong enough and resistant to diseases and pests. In the future, this will not allow realizing the full potential of the variety and obtaining good yields.

New varieties of tubers

New potato varieties appear regularly around the world. Over the past few years, breeders have managed to breed Barin, Belmondo, Galaxy, Zorachka, Aurora, Red Sails and Labadia. The species differ radically in their immunity to diseases and good yield of planting material.

Rowanushka

You can dig up approximately 400 kg of crop from a plot of 100 m2. Rowan mushroom specimens are medium in size, scarlet in color, and ellipsoidal in shape. Piece weight – from 95 to 135 g.

The variety can be formed in any open ground. It cannot boast of resistance to pests or diseases, but is popular.

Sarovsky

The Sarovsky variety belongs to the early ripening variety. The yield from 100 m2 reaches 455 kg. Grows well in any soil. It has high moisture tolerance.

The tubers are large and spherical, slightly elongated. The color of the peel is flesh-colored, brown or red. The mass of the specimen is within 480 g.

Sorcerer

The fruits of the Sorcerer have an ellipsoidal shape, the color of the peel is gray-sand, and the pilaf in cross-section is white. The weight of the specimen is up to 120 g.

You can dig up approximately 275-350 kg of potatoes from one hundred square meters of land. The variety does not require too much care and is distinguished by its immunity to many diseases.

The choice of potato variety primarily depends on the climate, the chemical composition of the soil, as well as the purposes of cultivation (for yourself, for sale, long-term storage, etc.). The varieties differ in the color of the peel and pulp, as well as the volume and weight of the tubers, appearance, yield, possible shelf life and, of course, taste.

The best varieties

On large plots of land allocated for potatoes, gardeners plant potatoes of different ripening periods. This allows you to obtain a harvest for seasonal consumption of fresh vegetables and prepare them for winter storage.

Early

The earliest potato variety ripens at the end of July. In the southern regions, early ripening and super early hybrids can be harvested in the first days of the month. In the middle zone, when planted early in early May, it is eaten already in mid-August.

Table 1

Attention! 2 weeks before harvesting potatoes, you need to remove the tops from the area so as not to transfer possible fungal diseases of the tops.

Medium ripening

Mid-season varieties make up the bulk of the list (alphabetically) of this tuber. In total there are at least 200 species. The duration of the growing season until the first fruits ripen is 95-110 days. According to experienced vegetable growers and agronomists, the leading places in the ranking are occupied by the following species:

table 2

Attention!

See photos after each table. They depict the best representatives of these varieties.

Late

Mid-late and late tubers are grown for winter reserves. Their fruits are better preserved until mid-April. The number of spoiled fruits is no more than 7-10% of the total stock. Potatoes reach full maturity 110-140 days after planting.

Table 3

Attention!

On one potato field you can plant from 2 to 5 varieties of potatoes. Pollination of flowers does not affect the change in varietal qualities of tubers.

Types by yield

Another important characteristic of potatoes is their yield. The lower this indicator, the fewer tubers grow on the bush. Farmers and gardeners prefer varieties that can produce high yields.

Potato Lorch

Red potatoes with yellow flesh

Tubers of these species are covered with a reddish-tinged skin and have yellow flesh. These varieties include:

• Red Scarlet. On average, you can get up to 660 c/ha;
• Rosara. With proper care, it yields up to 530 quintals per hectare;
• Bellarosa. Productivity up to 350 centners per hectare.

Friable

Such potato varieties contain a high concentration of starch and often lose their shape during heat treatment, but at the same time have an excellent taste:

• Idaho. The average quantity is 550 c/ha;
• Share. From 1 hectare they get up to 380 centners; the weight of one potato can reach 400 g.

High-yielding

These types of potatoes always give a good harvest with proper care:

• Rosara - up to 530 c/ha;
• Adretta - up to 450 c/ha;
• Luck - up to 500 c/ha.

pink potato

The most popular variety in this category is Picasso. The potatoes have a slightly pinkish tint to the skin around the eyes. It is late ripening, and you can get up to 300 centners per hectare.

Potatoes Sineglazka

Varieties suitable for Central Russia

Moderate climatic conditions in the central zone allow you to select many suitable varieties of potatoes. However, it is worth considering that summer in these regions is not too long, so the crop types must be early ripening. Otherwise, it will be difficult to get a decent harvest. Gardeners in the middle zone should pay attention to the following varieties:

• Rocco. An excellent variety with high yield. Resistant to fungi and viruses, survives drought normally, and is not susceptible to potato cancer. The mass of tubers reaches 120 g; up to 12 fruits are obtained from 1 plant. Rocco is universal, can be used in cooking and for feeding animals;
• Adretta was obtained abroad, but is excellent for the Middle Zone. Potatoes of this type are characterized by increased productivity, resistance to many specific diseases and excellent taste. Adretta quickly adapts to changing climatic conditions and is well stored until spring;
• Rosara. Refers to a particularly early species. Full ripening occurs 70 days after emergence. It is valued by farmers for its increased productivity. Potatoes are not susceptible to fungi and nematodes. Infection with viral diseases is possible, but this can be avoided by carrying out timely prevention.

Rocco potato variety

Varieties suitable for the Moscow region

The climate of the Moscow region is varied: both prolonged rains and prolonged drought with elevated temperatures are possible. The soil is not particularly fertile, so the best choice would be unpretentious and disease-resistant potato varieties whose tubers ripen quickly. These include:

• Nevsky. These potatoes are mid-early, the tubers ripen in about 85 days. On average, from a bush you can get 12-15 potatoes weighing up to 140 g. Nevsky can be used for any purpose, it has an excellent taste and is stored unchanged for a long time;
• Lorch belongs to the late variety, but is very loved by gardeners and farmers in the Moscow region because of its pleasant taste. Potatoes can be stored for a long period and are versatile. Tuber weight 140 g;
• Sineglazka. Mid-early type of potato with high yield. The vegetable has excellent taste characteristics and the ability to be stored for a long time (but only in small quantities). Potatoes are not susceptible to fungi. It belongs to the table species.

Potato Nevsky