15 best varieties of apple trees for the middle zone and Moscow region: Descriptions taking into account seasonality

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Yakov Pavlovich

Professor, Head of the Department of Vegetable Growing

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The climate of the Moscow region is characterized as temperate continental, quite favorable for growing apples. The best varieties of apple trees for the Moscow region have increased winter hardiness and a dessert taste of the fruit. New selections demonstrate complex resistance to diseases. Real reviews from gardeners and recommendations from the State Register will help you make the best choice of apple trees for your garden near Moscow.

The most popular varieties for the Moscow region

There are ancient apple trees that remain relevant in modern gardening. Their reliability in the Moscow region has been proven by many years of practice. Unique advantages compensate for the disadvantages that are inherent in old varieties of apple trees.

Grushovka Moskovskaya

The ancient folk variety is susceptible to scab and is prone to shedding of ripening fruits. However, Grushovka attracts with its early ripening of apples (early August) and excellent frost resistance of the trees. The crown is quite high and spreading. Striped apples weigh on average 90 g. The pulp is sour-sweet, tender, loose. Harvests are plentiful, but not annual.

Melba

This “Canadian” is over a hundred years old, but it still remains a standard of taste. The pulp is balanced in density/juiciness and acidity/sweetness. The aroma is unique, candy-spicy. Apple size 100-300 g; the surface is covered with an attractive striped blush. The harvest ripens in early autumn and is stored for up to two months.

In the conditions of the Moscow region, winter hardiness is problematic: it is advisable to grow Melba in a semi-silly or bushy form. There are other disadvantages: fruit shedding, frequency of fruiting, susceptibility to scab. The variety remains in demand due to the high quality of apples and early fruiting.

Autumn striped (Streifling)

The homeland of this old variety is Holland or Germany. He came to Russia through the Baltic states; zoned since 1947 in many regions.

Main advantages:

• high productivity (up to 50-80 buckets from an adult tree);
• successful restoration of the crown after winter freezing;
• longevity of plants (45-80 years);
• harmonious taste of sweet and sour apples, wine-candy aftertaste;
• the fruits are quite large (100-200 g, up to 300 g), with an elegant streaked blush.

Scab resistance is above average. Trees begin to bear fruit at the age of 5-9 and increase their yield gradually. In the Moscow region, apples are harvested in September. They can stay in the refrigerator for 2 months, but they will become loose and bland.

INTERESTING! The crown is powerful (up to 8 m). Trees grafted onto a semi-dwarf rootstock grow shorter, but in the middle zone there is a risk of roots freezing or graft rejection.

Welsey

This “long-liver” was bred in North America more than a century and a half ago. It has been known in the Moscow region since the end of the 19th century. The fruits ripen in the fall and remain until January - February. They are juicy, crispy, with a good sweet and sour taste and a subtle spicy aroma. Apple size 95-155 g; The color is yellowish with a blurred cherry blush.

The trees are not too tall, early-fruiting, and productive (the record is 50 buckets from one tree). The variety is partially self-fertile and scab-resistant. In the Moscow region, Welsey's frost resistance is average.

Apple trees for the Moscow region, the best varieties: rating

All of the above varieties of apple trees can be divided according to the moment of fruit ripening:

• Summer. These include Melba, Medunitsa, Chudnoye, Arkadik, Grushovka Moskovskaya, Orlinka and Yablochny Spas.
• Autumn. These are: Shtrifel, Slavyanin, Uslada, Solnyshko, Zhigulevskoe, Marat Busurin, Bessemyanka Michurinskaya.
• Winter. Their representatives: Podarok Grafsky, Welsey, Bolotovskoye, Aphrodite and Pepin.

An excellent early variety for the Moscow region is Melba. Chudnoye is also considered an easy-to-care and early-summer species.

Early pollinated varieties include those plants that do not require cross-pollination to ripen. These include the following varieties: Melba, Pepin saffron, Welsey, Arkadik and Bessemyanka Michurinskaya. Self-fertility may also indicate that these apple trees are quite unpretentious in growing them. They also require fertilizing and high-quality care, but do not cause much difficulty.

You can distinguish varieties by their height . The tallest tree is the Striefel variety. In contrast, the Chudnoe variety is a natural dwarf, but the semi-dwarfs are Uslada, Solnyshko, Marat Busurin and Arkadik.

Varieties are determined by taste characteristics . Thus, Arkadik and Medunitsa are considered the most sugary varieties. The Medunitsa variety has a honey flavor, while Arkadik has a very subtle, barely noticeable sourness. Their fruits are considered an excellent option for harvesting.

Apple trees have a very common disease - scab. Therefore, there is also a rating for resistance to this disease . A large number of the listed varieties have good immunity to this disease: Orlovskoe striped, Arkadik, Orlinka, Slavyanin, Chudnoe, Yablochny spas, Medunitsa, Solnyshko, Aphrodite, Bolotovskoe.

It is important to know that a disease such as scab is the most dangerous for apple trees, which affects both fruits and leaves. If you decide to grow an apple tree from cuttings, it would be better to purchase varieties that are immune to this disease. And then you will not have any problems with care.

A large number of gardeners and gardeners are afraid to grow new varieties. Newer varieties are Marat Busurin, Arkadik and Podarok Grafsky. These varieties are quite prolific, which is good news.

Summer apple trees

The fruits of summer varieties ripen in July or August. They are consumed fresh or processed; are not stored for a long time.

Expert opinion

Stanislav Pavlovich

Gardener with 17 years of experience and our expert

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IMPORTANT! The concepts should not be confused: early-ripening apple trees begin to bear fruit at a young age (from 3-4 years), and the term “early ripening (early) varieties” refers to the summer ripening period.

Elena

This new Belarusian variety has been recorded in the State Register of Russia since 2007. The ripening period is early summer (the last days of July). The trees are short, relatively winter-hardy, early-fruiting, and not hardy enough to scab. The apples are blush-pink, flat-round, tender, moderately aromatic, sour-sweet (tasting score 4.8 points). Size 85-155 g. Overripe fruits may fall off.

Apple saved

Modern Oryol selection (in the State Register since 2009). Golden fruits with raspberry stripes ripen in mid-August and weigh 190-225 g. The pulp is juicy, not too dense, sweet and sour with a slight aroma (4.3 points). Tall trees winter normally in the Moscow region and are not damaged by scab.

Orlovim

The late-summer variety was included in the State Register in 1999. It is resistant to scab. The average weight of an apple is 140 g. The surface is covered with a beautiful dark pink blush. The pulp is not loose, juicy, fragrant, sweet and sour, rich (4.5 points). The trees are medium-sized, winter-hardy, high-yielding.

The most delicious and sweet varieties for the Moscow region and the middle zone

One of the main characteristics when choosing an apple tree is taste. Each variety has a specific tasting rating. Most apples have a sweet and sour taste, but not always balanced.

Alesya

This variety is already noted in the section with dwarf apple trees. Its fruits are sweet and sour with juicy fine-grained pulp. The taste is balanced, rated at 4.8-5 points. Contains 11% sugars and 0.75% acids.

Bryanskoe

This apple tree has already been described in winter varieties. The sweet and sour taste of its fruits received a tasting score of 4.8 points. Contains 8.8% sugars and only 0.45% titratable acids.

Bryansk golden

This late-winter variety has medium to large fruits with dense white flesh. The sour-sweet taste with a spicy undertone received a rating of 4.8 points. Contains 8.5% sugars and 0.35% titratable acids.

Gala

This variety has already been noted among the best autumn apple trees. The juicy pulp has an excellent dessert sweet taste. It is rated 4.6 points. Contains 11.5% sugars, 0.45% acids.

Elena

The Elena apple tree has already been noted among the summer and most productive varieties. The sour-sweet taste of the fruit is also at its best, rated at 4.8 points. They have very juicy greenish-white flesh and a distinct aroma. It contains about 11% sugars and 0.35% acids.

Cinnamon Striped

This variety is already on the list of autumn apple trees. Its sweet and sour pulp is rated at 4.8 points. It is dense, but tender. The taste is dessert, and the aroma has spicy cinnamon notes. Contains 10% sugars and 0.55% acids.

Legend

Description of the variety is among the most productive apple trees. It has sweet fruits with juicy fine-grained pulp and a light aroma. Taste and appearance have the same rating of 4.6 points. Contains 11.3% sugars, 0.65% acids.

Malyukha

This variety has already been described among the columnar and most productive apple trees. Among its advantages is its sweet, juicy pulp. The appearance of apples is rated 4.5, and the taste is 4.8 points. Contains 11% sugars and 0.9% organic acids.

Melba

This apple tree has already been described in summer and most productive varieties. Its sweet and sour taste is rated at 4.5-4.7 points. Contains 10.5% sugars and 0.78% acids. The pulp is juicy and tender, and the aroma is candy-like.

The president

This columnar apple tree has already been described in the corresponding section. Its sweet and sour apples are rated 4.8 for taste and 4.3 for appearance. The pulp is very juicy, the aroma is weak.

Spartan

A description of this apple tree is in the rating of dwarf varieties. Spartan has sweet fruits with juicy white flesh. Their taste is rated 4.8-5 points. It contains 10.5% sugars and only 0.3% acids.

Triumph

The Triumph apple tree has already been described in autumn and columnar varieties. Its fruits with a brownish-red cover have aromatic, sweet and sour pulp. Tasting score 4.6 points. Contains 8% sugars and 0.75% acids.

Autumn varieties

Among the apple trees zoned in the Moscow region, there are many varieties that ripen in September - October. Those that are stored for no more than two months (until winter) are considered autumn.

Wagner's daughter

Moscow selection (in the State Register since 2002). The frost-resistant crown grows slowly, gradually reaching an average height. Juicy apples ripen in early autumn, filling up to 140-160 g. They are spherical, with a red blush. The taste is sweet and sour, with a moderate aroma (4.5 points).

Autumn Susova (Harvest Susova)

The early autumn apple tree was bred in the Moscow region and included in the State Register in 2001. The size of the apples is 95-105. They are oblong, yellow with red streaks; stored for 4 weeks. The pulp is juicy, dense, dessert-like (4.5 points). Fruiting is regular and abundant. Medium-sized, winter-hardy trees exhibit relative resistance to scab.

Young naturalist

Tambov selection. The variety has been zoned in the Central region since 1993. The crown is winter-hardy, dense, and of moderate height. Scab resistance is good. The apples are beautiful (ruddy pink) and tasty (4.5 points); size 90-130 g. In the Moscow region, fruits are harvested in mid-September; their taste improves after two weeks of storage. Apples can last 8-12 weeks. The disadvantage of the variety is some periodicity of fruiting.

See also How to propagate an apple tree at home

Apple tree varieties for the Moscow region. Features of planting and care

Fruit trees will live longer if they are planted at higher elevations, while avoiding frozen lowlands and swamps. Caring for apple trees grown in the Moscow region is aimed specifically at increasing their resistance to cold and frost, fairly good formation of fruit buds, as well as protective functions against harmful insects and infections.

The most important activities that should be carried out for these varieties are:

• constant pruning – formative and sanitary, protection of wounds.
• Regular spraying of fruit trees against diseases. This is done in the autumn and early spring. A solution of urea (approximately 700 grams) and 10 liters of water, or instead of urea, use iron sulfate (500 grams).
• Curative and preventive treatments for scab disease and fruit rot infection, which are carried out during the season, are also important.
• mandatory implementation of measures to combat aphids (biological agent Fitoverm) and codling moth. Before and immediately after the flowering period with approved insecticides.
• For normal plant life, fertilizing with nitrogen fertilizers is carried out until mid-summer. And then - potassium-phosphorus for a good winter and an excellent harvest.
• moisture-recharging winter irrigation.

Winter apples for the Moscow region

Winter varieties of apple trees are those intended for consumption in winter and spring. In the Moscow region, fruits are harvested from late September to October.

According to storage periods, late apples are:

• early winter (stay for 2-3 months);
• winter (last until early March);
• late winter (stay until April - June).

The varieties with maximum shelf life (late winter) are especially valued. They have a long consumption period - from the beginning of winter to the end of spring.

Alesya

Late winter. Developed in Belarus and entered into the Russian State Register in 2002. Apples are removed from the tree as late as possible. Storage is possible until May; consumer ripeness occurs in December. The fruits are large (more than 140 g), bright purple-burgundy. The taste is sometimes described as "sourish" or "rustic", but overall good (4.3 points). The trees are low, consistently productive, and resistant to powdery mildew and scab.

Moscow winter

A hybrid of Antonovka and Welsey was obtained in the Moscow region and zoned since 2002. Late winter, resistant to frost and scab. The crown is thick, spreading, and quite high. Ruddy apples weigh more than 200 g. The pulp is medium-dense, juicy, sweet and sour, with a spicy aroma (4.3 points). The fruits are harvested in early October and last until April.

Expert opinion

Stanislav Pavlovich

Gardener with 17 years of experience and our expert

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IMPORTANT! Moscow winter apples contain a lot of vitamin C.

Verbnoe

This late-winter Belarusian apple tree has been on the State Register since 2009. The trees are frost-resistant and of moderate height. Immediately after picking, the fruits are practically inedible; the taste improves during storage. The harvest does not spoil until April - May. According to gardeners, Verbnoye remains juicy longer than other varieties. The skin is green with a blurred brownish-pink blush. The size of the apples is 210-245 g. The taste is sweet and sour, with a light aroma (4 points).

Varieties of dwarf apple trees for the Moscow region with photos and descriptions

Dwarf apple tree varieties are considered to be those that grow no more than two meters. They can be natural or grafted onto a dwarf rootstock. They have a number of advantages and some disadvantages.

Chudnoye is considered a low natural dwarf. Semi-dwarfs include Solnyshko, Uslada, Arkadik, Marat Busurin. But Zhigulevskoe and Melba can be grafted onto a dwarf rootstock.

Sweet varieties

Some may find sweet-fruited apple varieties a little bland due to the lack of bright sourness. They are worth planting for those with a “sweet tooth”, as well as for people with high acidity of gastric juice.

Kovalenkovskoe

The harvest ripens over time in the third ten days of August. The weight of the fruits is 145-215 g. They are raspberry-burgundy, round with a slight narrowing at the top. The juicy pulp exudes a delicate aroma. Medium-sized, winter-hardy trees do not suffer from scab. The variety comes from Belarus; since 2006 it has been zoned in the Moscow region.

INTERESTING! After a short storage, the apples become more tasty.

Delight

Breeders from the Moscow region bred this apple tree more than half a century ago; It was included in the Register of Breeding Achievements in 1996. Early autumn, with low susceptibility to scab. The first flowering occurs at the age of 5-6 years. Every year, elegant red fruits are produced that weigh 115-175 g. The small but dense crown requires periodic thinning, otherwise the fruits become smaller. Winter hardiness is good.

INTERESTING! The flesh of Uslada is tender, with reddish veins and the aroma of raspberries. It contains a high content of vitamins.

Belarusian sweet

This apple tree has been on the State Register of Russia since 2006. The harvest is harvested in the fall and stored until the New Year holidays. The size of the apples is 130-210 g. The skin is covered with a blurred dark crimson blush. The pulp is juicy, slightly aromatic (4.6 points). Medium-sized, drooping trees freeze a little in cold winters. An important advantage of the variety is genetic immunity to scab.

Autumn varieties of apple trees near Moscow

Many gardeners select several good autumn varieties for planting in the Moscow region. Fruits ripen in autumn and have a long shelf life without loss of appearance and taste.

Striefel

Strifel or Autumn Striped is a variety whose creation history is not reliably known. Presumably the apple tree came from Germany or Holland via the Baltic states.

The plant is powerful, tall, reaching up to 7-8 meters in height. The crown is wide-spreading, dome-shaped. The leaves are round and dark green in color. The fruits are medium in size, one fruit weighs 80-110 g. Apples are predominantly round in shape, sometimes one-sided specimens are found. The peel is smooth, durable, greenish-yellow or yellow in color with a characteristic blush of vertical red stripes. The pulp is yellowish, juicy, sweetish-sour.

The plant begins to bear fruit 7-8 years after planting. The plant reaches its maximum yield only at 15-18 years of age.

Bessemyanka Michurinskaya

The variety was bred by the famous breeder I.V. Michurin, which is how the name was obtained. When crossing, two varieties were used - Skryzhapel and Bessemyanka Komsinskaya.

The tree is tall, strong, and has a powerful rounded crown. The plant is characterized by wrinkled, large leaves with an emerald tint. The fruits are large, weigh about 175 g, and are predominantly round in shape and lightly ribbed. The peel is yellow with a slight shade of green, there is a crimson blush. The pulp is soft, tender, juicy. A slight wine taste is noticeable.

This is a high-yielding variety that begins to bear fruit 5-6 years after planting the seedling in the ground. Harvesting can begin from mid-September. About 220 kg of fruits are collected from one plant. On average, from the date of picking, apples are stored for 3-3.5 months.

Oryol striped

The variety was bred at VNIISPK by two famous scientific breeders in 1957. T. A., Trofimova and E. N. Sedov worked on the crossing, crossing the Bessemyanka Michurinskaya and Mackintosh apple trees.

The tree is medium-sized and has an extensive, round crown. Plants are frost-resistant and produce good yields. The leaves are round, large, green in color. The fruits are large, one fruit weighs 120-150 g, sometimes reaching 220 g. The shape of the apples is oblong, wide-conical. The main color of the peel is greenish-yellow. When fully ripe, the fruits acquire a yellow tint.

Fruiting occurs 4 years after planting. Trees 8 years old produce from 40 to 50 kg of fruit, fifteen-year-old trees can produce up to 80 kg of fruit. The harvest begins in early September. Apples can be stored in a cold room for 4 months.

Sun

To obtain the Solnyshko variety, breeders used seeds from open-pollinated crops from the early 1980s. The first fruits appeared in 1990. Apple tree breeding was carried out by E.N. Serov, V.V. Zhdanov, Z.M. Serova, E.A. Dolmatov.

The plant is low, characterized by a rounded crown. The trunks and main branches are covered with smooth red-brown bark. The leaves are ovoid, small, dark green in color. The fruits are medium-sized, weigh up to 140 g, have an oblong, slightly oblique shape, and are broadly ribbed. When removed from the tree, the peel has a yellow-green hue, then becomes light yellow with a crimson blush. The pulp is juicy.

Harvesting takes place in the fall, when the fruits are fully ripe. This period occurs in September-October - the fruits become blush.

Antonovka vulgare

There is no information about how this variety appeared. Some scientists are convinced that Antonovka became an accidental hybrid of a cultivated variety that appeared naturally from a wild forest apple tree. But most breeders are sure of one thing - the apple tree appeared in the Tula or Kursk region. N.I. Krasnoglazov first described the Antonovka variety in detail in 1848.

The tree is characterized by an oval crown shape; as the plant matures, it becomes spherical. Young branches and shoots have a brown tint. Elongated, bright green leaves adorn the plant. The apples are medium-sized, weighing up to 160 g. Their peel during the period of fruit harvesting has a green-yellow tint. During storage, the fruits turn yellow. The pulp is light, sweetish, with a very noticeable sourness.

The tree begins to bear fruit 7-8 years after planting. Full ripening of apples begins in late September or early October. As the plant grows, the yield increases. At the age of 20 years, one tree can produce up to 200 kg of fruit. Fruit storage is long - 3-4 months.

Pepin saffron

This variety was bred at the beginning of the 20th century by the famous breeder I.V. Michurin. The selection used the Renet Orleans variety and a hybrid of Chinese and Lithuanian pepinka.

The tree is medium-sized, reaching a height of three meters. The crown is round in shape. The leaves are small and green in color. The fruits are medium or small, average weight up to 140 g. The peel is dense, smooth. Apples are round-conical or cylindrical in shape. The peel is yellow-green with a dark red blush. Subcutaneous points are present. The pulp is dense, aromatic, cream-colored. Apples are sweet and sour, aromatic.

The plant begins to bear fruit in the third year after planting. Dwarf trees begin to bear fruit in the second year. The harvest is good - up to 280 kg of apples can be collected from one tree. The fruits are stored for a long time; the taste and external qualities do not deteriorate during transportation.

Zhigulevskoe

The variety was developed by breeder S.P. Kedrin. The scientist crossed the American variety Wagner with the Borovinka variety of apple tree, resulting in a new autumn variety that has become popular in Russia.

The tree predominates with a wide pyramidal or high, rounded crown, which takes on this shape during the fruiting period. The plant is medium-sized, does not exceed 4-5 m in height. The trunks and shoots are dark brown. The foliage is dense, the leaf blade is dark green in color. The leaves are characterized by an oblong, ovoid shape and large size. The apples are heavy, the weight of one fruit varies between 120-200 g. The shape of the fruit is round, sometimes wide-ribbed. The light yellow peel is dense and oily, there are subcutaneous gray dots. The creamy, coarse-grained pulp has a sweet and sour taste.

This is a fast-growing, high-yielding variety that begins to bear fruit 4-5 years after planting the tree. Apple picking begins in early September. On average, one adult plant produces up to 240 kg of fruit.

Slav

When breeding the autumn variety Slavyanin, we used the Antonovka red-barrel apple tree and variety SR 0523. The breeder E.N. Sedov was involved in the crossing.

The tree is medium-sized, grows quickly, having a rounded crown. The fruits are large, weighing up to 160 g. The apples have a flattened, conical shape. The peel is shiny, greenish-yellow in color. The flesh is cream-colored, medium flat, juicy and tender. The taste is sweet and sour, the aroma is weak.

3-4 years after planting, the tree begins to bear fruit. From one plant it is possible to obtain up to 200 kg of juicy fruits.

Marat Busurin

This is a new variety included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements in 2001. Created in 1998 by breeder V.V. Kichina, who crossed the well-known variety Autumn Joy and the donor sample SR0523.

The tree is characterized by a neat, rounded crown, dark gray bark of shoots, curved leaves of light green color with a slight shade of yellow. The fruits are large, weigh 175-200 g. The apples are round in shape and slightly flattened. The peel is smooth, green-yellow in color with fuzzy red stripes. They reach consumer maturity when the skin becomes almost white.

The variety begins to bear fruit 3-4 years after planting the seedling. The advantages of Marat Busurin include abundant and regular fruiting. The apple tree does not need annual breaks from fruit set. The average yield is 100-120 kg per adult plant.

Among the large number of apple varieties, gardeners can choose those varieties that best match the desired characteristics. Many summer, autumn and winter varieties have been bred for cultivation in the Moscow region, offering good yields.

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Self-pollinating

Apple trees set fruit by mutual cross-pollination of different varieties. But there are self-fertile forms that are prone to partial self-pollination. In this case, even a lonely tree will bear a harvest. Self-pollinating varieties of apple trees successfully form fruits in bad weather when pollinating insects do not fly.

Arkadik

Obtained in the Moscow region and patented in 2005. Winterizes well and does not suffer from scab. Active growth of the crown becomes restrained from 3-4 years, when the ovaries appear. Every year, producing abundant harvests, the trees need increased nutrition. The weight of apples is 125-345 g. They are oblong, whitish with dark pink streaks. The pulp contains a lot of aromatic, sweet juice.

Bryanskoe

Winter variety, medium-sized. Recorded in the Register of Breeding Achievements in 2001. The first flowering occurs at an early age (from 3 years). Abundant harvests are observed every year. The fruits do not spoil until the end of February. They are purple-raspberry, not hard, with a dessert taste (4.8 points) and a pleasant aroma. The weight of juicy apples is 160-295 g. Plants have genetic immunity to scab, but they are susceptible to fruit rot (moniliosis).

Pepin Saffron

The author of the variety is I.V. Michurin (recorded in the State Register since 1947). The trees are slightly drooping, not very tall, but dense (thinning is necessary). They are prone to freezing, but recover well. Late flowering avoids return frosts. High productivity is noted annually (from 5 or 6 years of age). The variety is early winter (stays until February). Striped apples weigh 80-130 g and have a characteristic spherical-conical shape.

Expert opinion

Stanislav Pavlovich

Gardener with 17 years of experience and our expert

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INTERESTING! The fruits of Pepin Saffron have a unique spicy aroma and wine aftertaste.

Basic rules for growing autumn apple trees

The apple tree is an unpretentious crop, but in order for it to please the gardener’s eye for a long time, it needs to create certain conditions. There are several basic rules, if followed, you will get a big harvest.

Table: selecting conditions for growing apple trees

Planting an apple tree seedling

We follow a simple rule for planting apple tree seedlings. All fruit trees love fertilized soil, so we prepare a mixture of soil soil and a complex of organic and mineral fertilizers:

1. The bottom of the planting hole is loosened and a peg is stuck in the middle so that it rises 50–80 cm above ground level.
2. Fill the hole with fertile soil from the top layer of soil removed from the planting hole and fertilizers. Add 2-3 buckets of manure, humus or compost, 800 g of ash, 1 kg of complex mineral fertilizer and 300 g of lime to the soil. Organic fertilizers should be the main ones in filling the planting hole.
3. All components are thoroughly mixed.
4. The top of the planting hole is covered with soil that was dug from the bottom of the planting hole. To prevent burns to the roots of an apple tree seedling upon contact with fertilizers, the upper part of the hole is covered with ordinary soil without any additives.
5. Fill the hole before the formation of a slide, since the soil shrinks over time and the seedling may end up in the funnel. This will reduce the yield and winter hardiness of the apple tree.
6. Once again inspect the roots of the apple tree seedling for damage and rot. If there are any, they should be removed and the sections sprinkled with ash.
7. Plant the tree so that the root collar is slightly above ground level (3–4 cm). The root collar is the conditional boundary of the transition of the root system to the trunk; it is located 3–4 cm above the first branch of the root. It can be recognized by the transition of the dark color of the roots to the lighter color of the trunk.
8. Water the seedling with 5 liters of water.

When digging a planting hole, you need to put the top layer of soil on one side of it, and the bottom layer on the other, then it will be easier to properly prepare the soil

Video: how to plant an apple tree seedling

If there is any substrate left after planting, then it can be used to form rollers along the contour of the planting hole; they will help when watering the plant, preventing the water from spreading.

Watering the apple tree

This plant requires watering once a week, taking into account proper planting. On dry days, the watering rate must be increased. When properly watering an apple tree, you need to remember that an adult tree requires 50 liters of water per 1 square meter. m crown projection.

If, during planting, a roller is formed from the remaining soil, it can be converted into a gutter, which makes it more convenient to water the plants

The apple tree has extensive superficial roots and it is incorrect to water close to the trunk. You need to water the apple tree at a distance of at least 50 cm from the trunk.

Loosening apple trees

For young apple trees, soil aeration 1–2 times a month is important. For mature trees, once every 2 months is sufficient. When loosening, you need to remember that the root system of the apple tree is very fragile. You should be careful not to loosen deeper than 20 cm and not to use a cultivator near the plant.

For convenience, you can and even need to use a pitchfork when loosening the soil.

Properly fertilize apple trees

If the planting conditions are met, then in the first 1–2 years the trees do not need to be fertilized additionally. Then twice a year the apple tree will need feeding:

• in the fall - a complex of organic and mineral fertilizers, the basis of which should be superphosphate (200 g per 1 sq. m) and potassium (100 g per 1 sq. m) mixed with 6 kg of compost;
• in spring - nitrogenous fertilizers, for example, urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonium, sodium and calcium nitrate.

Fertilizers are applied at a distance from the trunk of half the crown of the tree, 15 cm deep for young apple trees and 45 cm deep for mature trees.

Forming the crown of an apple tree

For abundant harvests, it is enough to carry out one summer pruning per year. It will improve the health of the plant and help it protect itself from certain types of insects. Experienced gardeners also carry out autumn and spring pruning of the plant.

For pruning apple trees, garden pruners, loppers and sometimes (in exceptional cases) a saw are used: diseased and old branches are removed first

Video: crown formation in young apple trees

https://youtube.com/watch?v=LnDCNVXUXfo

Spraying and treating apple trees for diseases

Before the formation of buds, it is necessary to carry out prevention against diseases and pests. It is not recommended to treat fruit trees during flowering and fruiting periods. Spray with dormant buds and an average air temperature of about +5°C with one of the following preparations: copper sulfate, DNOC (Double Impact), Hom (copper chloride), Fufanon-Nova.

It is important that when spraying water covers the apple tree, but does not flow off it in streams.

Video: treating apple trees for pests

https://youtube.com/watch?v=6Y2qz6c9kYU

Preparing the apple tree for winter

The apple tree, like all fruit trees, requires care and treatment with antiseptic agents in the autumn. Proper preparation for winter includes a number of actions: watering the tree and mulching the soil, pruning and pest control, whitewashing and insulating the trunk.

You can insulate the root base and the graft site with spruce branches or burlap if a snowless winter is expected

Video: how to prepare an apple tree for winter

Criteria for selecting autumn varieties of apple trees

The first thing that worries any gardener is the apples themselves: their taste, aroma, appearance, color and size. And if, as one well-known proverb says, “there is no comrade,” then there are characteristics without which the harvest may not be obtained at all. When choosing between one apple tree variety or another, it is important:

• what region is the variety aimed at: each region of Russia has its own climatic conditions and types of soil, so it is important to choose the one that corresponds to the gardener’s place of residence;
• what is the period for consuming fruits of this variety: this will determine when you eat apples, whether you can keep them fresh until the New Year, whether they are suitable for homemade preparations, etc.

The consumption period consists of a combination of ripening and storage times of fruits. According to this indicator, autumn varieties of apple trees are divided as follows:

• early autumn (fruiting begins in early or mid-September);
• autumn (from mid to late September);
• late autumn (from early to mid-October);
• early winter (from mid to late October);
• winter (the harvest is harvested in late autumn before frost).

Varieties of winter apples have a long shelf life, during which they do not lose their taste. Moreover, they usually achieve optimal taste only after storage for 2–3 weeks.

By the way, apples are divided into several types based on taste and purpose. We will not consider technical ones; we will focus only on those suitable for use. They are like this:

• dessert - due to their high taste characteristics, they are consumed mainly fresh, they tolerate processing less well, as they lose their characteristic taste and do not hold their shape (they become boiled, the skin bursts, etc.);
• table food - the taste characteristics are worse, but commercial ones are better, so they are used mainly for home preparations;
• universal - suitable for both fresh consumption and processing.

The article discusses the most popular autumn varieties of apple trees for different regions of Russia, as well as for Belarus and Ukraine. The table provides comparative characteristics of the autumn varieties described below.

Table: comparative characteristics of autumn varieties of apple trees

Winter-hardy and scab-resistant

Experienced gardeners near Moscow appreciate the endurance of apple trees to the two most negative factors - frost and scab (a harmful fungus). Breeders from Belarus, the Moscow and Oryol regions, the Bryansk region and other regions are actively working in this direction. It was possible to obtain varieties of apple trees with a complex of valuable traits - frost-resistant and immune to scab.

See also How to plant an apple tree correctly: preparing the planting hole and planting dates

Sergiana

Early autumn, Moscow selection. It has been in the State Register since 2002. The crown height is moderate. The spherical-conical apples weigh 125-165 g. The surface is covered with a rich pink blush. The pulp is creamy yellow, balanced in the content of acids and sugars (4.7 points). Fragrant fruits are stored for 50-60 days.

Rozhdestvenskoe

The early winter variety was bred on Oryol land and since 2001 has been recommended for cultivation in Central Russia. Plants are medium-sized, with regular fruiting. Apples can be consumed immediately after picking or stored for 2-3 months. The taste is harmonious, the consistency is juicy (4.3 points). Fruit size is 180-245 g (up to 450 g). The blush is intense, raspberry pink. One of the disadvantages is the partial falling of ripening fruits.

INTERESTING! The aroma of tropical fruits emanates from the pulp.

Imant

Late winter Belarusian apples can be stored for up to 8 months. The early-fruiting variety was included in the Register of Russia in 2009. The weight of the apples is 145-265 g. They are round with a cone; the surface is purple-burgundy, with a bluish waxy coating. The pulp is creamy, without coarseness, slightly aromatic, sweet with “sourness” (4.3 points). Medium-sized plants are not damaged by black cancer.

Expert opinion

Stanislav Pavlovich

Gardener with 17 years of experience and our expert

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IMPORTANT! In especially harsh winters near Moscow, partial freezing of the crown is possible.

What type of apple tree should I plant in the Moscow region?

The selection of a specific variety is determined by a number of expected parameters, first of all, winter hardiness, early ripening, and frequency of fruiting. Based on ripening time, popular varieties of apple trees in the Moscow region are divided into:

• Summer early ripening - White pouring, Candy apple, Moscow pear, etc.;
• Autumn mid-season - Shtrifel, Zhigulevskoe, etc.;
• Winter late-ripening - Antonovka, Alesya, etc.

According to the frequency of fruiting:

• Regularly (annually);
• Periodically (abundant harvests every 1-2);
• Intensive - characterized by an early onset of fruit production from 2-4 years of development. Among them are many new varieties of apple trees for the Moscow region: low-growing, semi-dwarf and dwarf varieties with columnar crowns.

Taste preferences play an important role when selecting fruit seedlings. The sweetest varieties for growing in the Moscow region are Medunitsa, Candy Apple and Dessert Isaeva.

The video below talks about the most promising apple varieties for the Moscow region.

New

Breeding novelties are awaiting evaluation by practicing gardeners. Long-term tests will show how the interesting potential of the newest modern apple tree varieties released in the Moscow region is realized.

Bryansk aloe

It has been in the State Register since 2015. The medium-sized apple tree is resistant to frost and disease. Flat-round, purple-crimson fruits weigh 130-200 g. They ripen at the end of summer. The pulp is tender, juicy, with pinkish veins. The taste is sweet and sour (4.4-4.7 points).

Gordeevskoe

The winter Moscow variety was zoned for the Central region in 2013. Frost-resistant, scab-resistant. A mass of red apples weighing 130-200 g ripen on a medium-sized tree. The blush is more pronounced on the sunny side. The pulp is not hard, sweet and sour, with a spicy aroma; During storage, the taste becomes bland and sweet.

Vikor

Late-winter, early-fruiting Bryansk variety is valued for its long shelf life of fruits (until the end of spring). It was included in the State Register in 2010. The winter hardiness of medium-sized trees in the conditions of the Moscow region is characterized as satisfactory. The mass of apples is about 155 g. The blush is raspberry, blurry. The pulp is yellowish, dense; The taste is dominated by sweetness, a subtle strawberry aroma is felt.

Expert opinion

Stanislav Pavlovich

Gardener with 17 years of experience and our expert

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IMPORTANT! The Vikor apple tree is immune to powdery mildew, scab, and moniliosis (fruit rot).

Frost-resistant varieties

Frost resistance of a tree is one of the important requirements for growing, especially in unstable climates. This will greatly simplify caring for the plant.

Of those varieties that are resistant to scab and severe frosts, it is better to pay attention to:

• winter lungwort;
• Sokolovskoe;
• Snowdrop;
• Ermakovskoe mountain;
• Margo;
• Frigate;
• Fairy.

Frost-resistant apple tree variety Sokolovskoye.

Foreign varieties

Some prefer to grow varieties of domestic selection, because they have been tested on our territory and have extensive experience. However, there are no worse varieties of foreign origin, which also have an enviable immunity to scab.

It's better to pay attention to these:

• representatives of France: Ariane, Priam, Antares, Florina;
• guests from America: Freedom, Prima, Williams Pride, Surprise;
• representatives of Germany: Regina, Rene, Akhra;
• Poles: Vitos, Free Redstar;
• Swiss variety Arriva;
• Dutch Santana.

Tall

What apple trees are best to plant at a dacha in the Moscow region to get a bountiful harvest? If the size of the land plot is large enough, then you can find a place for varieties with a high crown (5-8 m).

Pepin Orlovsky (Reliable)

Zoned in the Central region in 2001. Frost-resistant, winter consumption. It is practically not affected by scab. Fruiting is regular and abundant. Wide-conical raspberry apples weigh 135-150 g. The pulp is very juicy, sweet and sour (4.3 points).

Renet Karpova

The Tambov variety for autumn consumption has been on the State Register since 2002. Fruit weight is 105-120 g. They are bright, with purple-burgundy stripes. The pulp is fragrant, medium-dense, sour-sweet (4.7 points). In cold winters there is a risk of freezing.

Varieties of columnar apple trees

Columnar apple trees are a distinct topic that interests all gardeners and gardeners.

They are quite attractive in appearance, do not require special care, and are compact, which will allow you to plant a larger number of varieties on the site.

These varieties, among other advantages, are immune to scab:

• Malyukha. A late summer variety that bears fruit abundantly. The fruits are large, juicy, green with a slight orange-red blush. ;
• Valyukha. A late-autumn variety of beautiful and tasty apples that are stored until the New Year;
• Moscow necklace. A winter variety with medium-sized fruits and an amazing, sweet and sour taste that develops with time of storage.

Columnar apple tree Malyukha.

Medium height

Apple trees 3-4 meters high combine high productivity with ease of processing and shaping.

Muscovite

Included in the State Register in 2004. Ripening period is autumn, winter hardiness is good. Wide-conical, blush-pink apples weigh 115-125 g. The pulp is sweet and sour, juicy (4.5 points).

Memory of Sikora

The late-winter apple tree was obtained in Belarus and zoned in the Central region of Russia in 2002. One of the “parents” of the variety, the famous Renet Simirenko, passed on the skin color to the descendant. The apples are green, without allergenic blush. The size of the mature fruit is 95-120 g. The pulp is medium juicy, sweet and sour, with a moderate aroma. In the Moscow region, it is possible for a tree to freeze in the cold winter.

Summer fruiting varieties

These varieties are distinguished by the fact that the apples ripen from June to August; they are not stored for a long time , so they are made into homemade preparations or eaten immediately after picking.

1. Padding . Begins to bear fruit in the 5th or 6th summer. The crown is round. The apples are medium-sized, weighing from 70 to 85 g. The fruit is conical, round, and has a straw-yellow color. Inside there is a delicate consistency, medium juiciness. Apples ripen in early August. In dry weather they fall off, and in wet weather they hang on the branches for quite a long time. The shelf life is short - they rot quickly. Overripe apples become tasteless and too crumbly. Plants do not always tolerate winter well; in very frosty weather they freeze. Has average performance in terms of resistance to scab.

2. Moscow Grushovka . It is considered one of the best varieties for the Moscow region, bred by folk breeders. Winter hardiness is excellent. The crown type is pyramidal. With proper care, it produces a very high yield. In the 5th or 6th season you can collect the first fruits. Small apples - 45–50 grams. They have a light green skin with a yellowish tint and a pinkish blush. Inside the fruit there is a fine-grained pulp structure that contains a lot of juice. Apples are sweetish and sour. They sing in the first weeks of August; they do not do this at the same time, so they are collected several times during the season. Trees live long and are valued by gardeners for this. The disadvantages of Grushovka are that it often gets scab, and the apples can fall off.

3. Pearl . The apple tree is not very tall. Tolerates winter cold well. It produces apples of yellow-golden color, with snow-white flesh. Although these are summer apples, the fruits can be stored for up to one month. This apple tree produces some of the largest fruit in size and weight among similar varieties. Sings in August.

4. Astrakhan white . A very old Russian variety. It is distinguished by excellent frost resistance and vigorous growth. The harvest can be expected 6-7 summers from the time the seedling is planted. It bears fruit evenly and annually. The apples are medium in size, good juiciness, and have a wine aroma.

5. Mantet . American selection culture. Tree of medium vigor. Pyramidal shape of the crown structure. The variety is highly productive, but periodically there is a decline in fruiting. The apples are round, slightly flattened on top, yellowish-green, have a red blush, and have a sweet and sour taste. They have yellowish flesh and a very juicy structure. Apples are not meant to be stored for long periods of time. The shedding is very high. Fruits can be stored for two months, which distinguishes Mantet from similar varietal forms.

6. Terentyevka . The tree is resistant to winter cold. The crown has a pyramidal shape. The harvest occurs in the 5th or 6th summer. Fruiting is even, there is rarely a crop failure. Average type of yield. Small apples 35-50 grams. The yellowish-green skin of the fruit is covered with a blush with red stripes. The apple is juicy, sweet and sour, greenish inside. Apples do not last long.

7. Bel Chernyshevskaya . The variety is very winter-hardy. The wide oval crown of the apple tree requires that trees be planted at a considerable distance from each other. The first harvest should be expected already in the 5th-6th season. The fruits are round, slightly elongated. The variety has medium-sized apples, weighing 60–75 g. The fruits are light green in color and have a beautiful pinkish blush. Apples have increased juiciness and snow-white flesh. They taste sweet with a refreshing sourness. In the last weeks of July you can start harvesting the fruits.

6. Candy . An excellent variety for growing in garden plots. Developed at the Michurin All-Union Research Institute on the basis of the Papirovka and Korobovka varieties. The trees are tall and fast growing. They begin to bear fruit in a period of 2 to 5 years, depending on the type of rootstock (on a weak-growing one earlier, on a vigorous-growing one later).

The fruits are medium in size, weighing 80-120 g, taste very sweet, with delicate pulp. The color of apples is yellow with a bright striped blush. Can be stored for up to two months.

The variety is characterized by unpretentiousness, high winter hardiness and good disease resistance.

Description and characteristics of early ripening species

Let's consider the most common and favorite varieties of apple trees for the Moscow region, both beginners and those already seasoned.

Pepin saffron

Photo of the variety "Pepin saffron"

Perfectly adapted to harsh climates and has excellent taste characteristics. Quite a popular and widespread variety. Belongs to the self-fertile species. Produces small and medium-sized fruits, weighing up to 130 grams each. Endowed with a subtle, delicate and unusual odor and rather weak immunity to common infections.

Endowed with good tolerance to cold and frost, and also good immunity to the common infection scab. The apples of this variety grow very large. On average, the harvest from each such tree is 50 kilograms.

Important differences of this variety:

• The fruit ripening time for this variety is from early to mid-August,
• the weight of one ripe fruit is approximately 240 grams,
• the peel of the fruit is yellow with a green tint,
• the flesh is greenish in color,

In general, the variety is quite unpretentious in care and planting. This variety is considered self-fertile and summer. It is planted in early spring, when the thaw arrives.

Photo of the variety “Apple Spas”

Wonderful

Characterizes itself as a low-growing variety. Apples are green, slightly orange. The variety appeared in the Urals and was specially adapted to unfavorable weather conditions. The tree begins to actively bear fruit from the third year of life and does so regularly.

The disadvantage of this species is that the apple tree is quite often attacked by caterpillars, aphids and bark beetles. To combat these insects, agrotechnical methods and urea with copper sulfate are used.

The variety is loved for its sugary flavor and fine-grained interior. And also for its light and delicate aroma. Trees of this variety calmly react to the proximity of groundwater and are quite resistant to winds.

Photo of the variety “Wonderful”

The variety was obtained a very long time ago, in Canada. It is distinguished by an orange-brown shade of the tree bark. Late summer variety. Apples grow quite large in size and weigh about 200 grams. In our country, this variety quickly became popular. The tree has excellent frost resistance, excellent marketability and a bountiful harvest.

Photo of the variety "Melba"

Aphrodite

It is one of the best winter varieties with good health. It grows quickly and begins to be harvested in the 4th year of life. This is done in the first part of the autumn period.

The fruits taste quite sugary and weigh up to 130 grams. The species is not picky about the composition of the soil in which it grows, so it can thrive at any planting site.

Photo of the Aphrodite variety

Delight

The main distinctive advantages are the wonderful sweet taste of apples and excellent product characteristics. The variety is quite resistant to scab disease. Consistently produces a bountiful harvest.

This type of apple tree requires cross-pollination. Moreover, the best options for this will be the varieties Bogatyr, Orlik and Grushovka. Ripe fruits have medium weight and a scarlet skin color. The trees of this apple tree are medium-sized and can grow up to 4 meters.

Photo of the variety “Uslada”

The variety appeared in Russia back in 1978. It is distinguished by a strong, well-developed tree trunk and a ball-shaped crown. The bark of the tree trunk is smooth, dark gray in color. The fruits grow round in shape, slightly flattened, and weigh approximately 200 grams.

The variety is well adapted to harsh climatic conditions, so it is ideal for the Moscow region. This type of tree is quite easy to care for.

Photo of the variety "Orlinka"

Lungwort

So named because of its taste characteristics. This species tolerates cold well and is also one of the best summer species. The great advantage of the variety is its good immunity to the most common infection - scab. Apple trees bear fruit already in the 4th year of life. A ripe apple weighs approximately 150 grams. Ripe apples have a very sugary and spicy flavor.

Photo of the variety “Lungwort”

Marat Busurin

A fairly recent variety of apple trees, autumn. It has good tolerance to the frosty season and a dessert taste. Characterizes itself as a semi-dwarf species. The tree can grow up to 3 meters. A variety with constant and good yield. This species has good immunity to some diseases.

Photo of the variety “Marat Busurin”

The variety was bred in America. It is distinguished by abundant fruit yield and the same high consumer qualities. The apple tree is quite well adapted to frost. Ripe fruits reach 150 grams in weight. A distinctive feature of the fruits is that they ripen after being picked from the branches of the tree.

The variety has the ability to have a long shelf life. Welsey is a self-pollinating variety; its fruits should be harvested in mid-autumn. The inside of the fruit is quite rich and has a very sweet taste with a small amount of sourness.

Photo of the variety "Welsie"

Grushovka Moskovskaya

The variety appeared a long time ago, back in 1797. Trees of this variety are quite tall. They have quite lush foliage and a ball-shaped crown. It is characterized by an orange-yellowish color of the bark; when flowering, the buds can change their color from pink to white.

The apples of this species are medium or small in size and have the shape of a regular ball. When ripe, each apple weighs approximately 120 grams. The color of apples is light green or white with scarlet veins.

The inside of the fruit is loose and juicy. This variety of apple trees is perhaps considered the most beloved. It is distinguished by its amazing frost resistance (it can easily withstand air temperatures down to -50 degrees), and early fruit ripening (the first harvest is harvested in July-August). But it also has a drawback - it does not tolerate drought quite well.

Photo of the variety “Grushovka Moskovskaya”

Bolotovskoe

Quite a new variety. Has distinctive features such as:

• frost resistance,
• requires cross pollination
• has high productivity,

Ripe fruits weigh up to 160 grams and are light yellow in color with a raspberry tint; the inside of the fruit has a sour taste. The variety is endowed with good commercial properties. It is quite resistant to some apple tree diseases, for example, the most dangerous of them, marsupial fungus.

Photo of the variety “Bolotovskoe”

Belongs to late varieties of apple trees. It has sufficient immunity to such a common disease as scab. Distinctive features of the variety:

• the crown is round in shape and medium thick,
• the fruits grow weighing approximately 160 grams,
• apples are green in color with yellowish streaks,
• rather weak smell of fruits, the inner part has a medium density and a beige tint,
• Apples have a sugary taste with a small amount of sourness,
• The ripe fruits are harvested in early September.

The variety has the ability to be stored for a long time in a cool room. The fruits of this species are used for making purees and juices.

Photo of the variety "Slav"

Wagner's daughter

The variety has an average level of growth and a not high crown. The fruits of this species have a fine-grained and tender interior, as well as a white tint and a medium level of density. It has excellent frost resistance and bears fruit in early autumn. The weight of the ripe fruit is approximately 150 grams. The apples are covered with a yellow peel with scarlet streaks. The inside is quite juicy and not tough.

Photo of the variety “Wagner’s Daughter”

Robin

The variety has a very high immunity to scab disease, as well as remarkable winter hardiness. The fruits of this variety are predisposed to dropping, so it is advisable to harvest the fruit during the period of technical ripeness.

Fruits grow weighing up to 150 grams. The ripe fruit is covered with a pink peel with raspberry stripes. It is considered an excellent and best variety for making juice. The trees of this apple tree produce an excellent and high harvest every year.

Arkadik

A fairly strong and resistant variety of apple trees. Arkady the yellow was taken out of sight. He is tall. It has a fairly decent yield. Adapted for growing in negative climatic conditions, it grows quite quickly after planting.

Among the disadvantages, there is a peculiarity of shedding (you need to have time to harvest the ripe crop before it crumbles) and, accordingly, loss of marketable qualities.

Plus, this variety has a fresh and rich aroma and a sweet taste with a slight sourness. The ripened fruit weighs up to 210 grams.

Quite a strong plant with a spreading crown. The apples are yellowish-green in color with crimson stripes and weigh 170 grams when ripe. To plant this variety, it is important that the place is away from groundwater. The variety also has several disadvantages. One of them is the likelihood of shedding during ripening, and not at the same time.

Zhigulevskoe

Quite a popular and widespread variety. Favorite due to its high yield, large ripe fruits and excellent presentation of apples. Quite a resistant variety. It is included in the list of the best autumn fruit trees, which, in addition, has the ability to have a long shelf life.

The fruits of this variety have a regular circle shape and a scarlet peel. The inside is coarse-grained and is great for preservation. The variety is endowed with the ability to ripen quickly, but it requires cross-pollination.

Sun

The tree of this species is short in stature and has a rounded crown. The bark of the trunk has a red-brown tint, and the foliage is smooth. When ripe, the fruits can weigh up to 140 grams.

Advantages of modern varieties

New varieties of apple trees include: Marat Busurin, Welsey, Solnyshko, Arkadik, Borovinka, Antey, Tatiana's Day, Ivushka.

The modern variety is Arkadik. It is characterized by persistent frost tolerance, numerous yields and resistance to infections, including scab. The tree reaches a height of 4 meters. Fruiting of the seedling begins after two years. The fruits weigh 125 g, their skin is reddish, and the taste of the pulp is sweet and sour.

Borovinka is one of the early autumn new species. The apple tree tolerates frosty days well and produces numerous fruits in 1-2 years. The variety is susceptible to diseases and pest attacks. The crop is medium-sized, medium-leaved. The color of the fruit is yellowish, their weight is 85 g.

The autumn variety Marat Busurin is rarely found in gardens. The flesh of large apples is sweet, but with some notes of sourness. The skin is white marble color with red splashes. The trees are of semi-dwarf growth type and tolerate winter frosts well.

Apple Spas is one of the modern varieties of tall apple trees. It never suffers from scab and tolerates winter with frosty days well. Fruits weighing up to 190 g are yellow with pink streaks.

Zoned varieties

Grushovka Moscow

Dense foliage and a spherical crown shape - this is how an adult tree is characterized. It has the following features:

• yellowish-orange bark;
• buds change color from pink to white;
• fruits are small or medium spherical, weight does not exceed 120 g;
• The color of the fruit is light green, white with red veins, the pulp is juicy and loose.

Important! Not every tree can withstand cold winters and hot, rainy summers, which are typical for the Moscow region, but Grushovka tolerates such conditions.

Moscow pear is a popular and most winter-hardy variety, tolerating temperatures down to -50 degrees. The trees are distinguished by early fruiting, apples ripen already in July-August. Among the disadvantages is poor tolerance to drought in summer.

Lungwort

The taste is reflected in the name. Lungwort is frost-resistant and is also the best summer variety. This is an immune type of apple tree, resistant to the most common disease - scab. The trees produce fruit already in the 4th year of cultivation, the average weight of an apple is 150 grams. A characteristic sweetness and spice are present in the taste of the fruits of this species.

Melba

One of the older species bred in Canada is Melba. This is a late summer apple tree with brownish-orange bark. The large size and weight of the fruit - up to 200 g - made it popular in Russia. It is advantageous to plant an apple tree in the conditions of the Moscow region: it survives frost well, has excellent yield characteristics and marketable appearance.

Arkadik

A resilient, tall and strong type of apple tree is Arkadik, bred from the Arkad yellow variety. Main advantages:

1. high productivity;
2. rapid growth rate after planting;
3. Suitable for growing in cold weather conditions.

Among the disadvantages, gardeners highlight the need for urgent harvesting of fruits due to high shedding and loss of presentation. Arkadik has a bright and fresh aroma, its taste is sweet and sour, and the average weight of the fruit is 210 g.

Orlinka

The apple tree was bred in Russia in 1978; it boasts a strong, developed trunk and a spherical crown. The bark is smooth, dark gray in color. The round fruits are slightly flattened, the average weight is up to 200 g. Orlinka is adapted to harsh conditions, therefore it is suitable for the Moscow region with changeable weather. Caring for an apple tree is not accompanied by difficulties.

Decorative apple trees

These apple trees will add beauty to any area. When the trees bloom, they look truly fabulous and fill the air with a wonderful, delicate aroma. Such apple trees bear small fruits, but they are usually grown not for their fruits, but for flowers and decoration in garden plots, squares and recreation areas.

Siberian (decorative).

The birthplace of the Siberian apple tree is China. The plant is grown almost everywhere as a decoration. The tree grows up to 4-5 meters tall and during flowering resembles a light pink airy cloud.

Sargent (decorative)

The homeland of the Sargent shrub is Japan. Its height is small, from 1 to 3 meters. Flowers bloom in May. The fruits are very small, spherical, red in color, they ripen in September.

Ola (decorative)

The birthplace of the Ola apple tree is Poland. The plant loves the sun and often grows up to five meters high. Used for landscaping residential areas and decorating gardens because of its wonderful pink cap.