From the name hybrid tea, the origin of these roses is clear. The varieties were selected not so long ago, in the 70s of the 19th century. The first variety was grown from two remontant varieties and a tea rose. And remontant ones, in turn, were also obtained from several varieties, including tea rose.
Author of the article
Anna Dmitrieva
Gardener with 15 years of experience.
All this was done in order not only to diversify the external characteristics of the variety, but also for genetics. Because old varieties began to degenerate and become susceptible to many diseases. And selection has made it possible to create varieties that incorporate only the best characteristics.
The best varieties of hybrid tea roses
The differences among the varieties presented below are in the height of the bush (50-90 cm), shape (ranging from spreading to narrow pyramidal), leaves (thick, matte, shiny). The flowers are often double, consisting of a large number of petals - from 20 to 128. The diameter of the opened bud can reach 15 cm.
One peduncle holds 5-7 flowers, its length is 20-80 cm. The rose exudes a pleasant aroma that fills the garden. In central Russia, flowering begins at the end of June and continues until late autumn. The winter hardiness of this variety is lower than that of the remontant group, but it survives the cold well under cover.
We list the names of popular varieties of roses with the addition of photos and a brief description of the characteristics:
- American pride is a tall bush (on average 80 cm) with large dark green leaves. The flowers are dark red, velvety, and goblet-shaped. They reach 15 cm in diameter, there are 40-50 double petals. The aroma is weak, they can open singly or in inflorescences of 5-7 buds.
- Alexander is a tall bush (up to 100 cm), spreading, with large shoots. The flower is bright red, fiery. It has the shape of a bowl, when opened it reaches a diameter of 10 cm. It emits a weak aroma, terry petals in the amount of 22-27 pcs. The variety is characterized by increased resistance to frost and fungal diseases.
- Baron Edmond de Rothschild - the bush grows up to 110 cm, but is quite compact. The foliage is large, leathery, and glistens in the sun. The opened bud has a goblet shape and a diameter of up to 11 cm. The petals are double (45-52 pcs.), two-colored: purple-crimson on the outside, raspberry-pink on the inside and turning white towards the base.
- Wienerwald is a dense, compact bush up to 80 cm tall. The flower is goblet-shaped, up to 10 cm in diameter. The bud contains 55-65 double petals of salmon-pink color.
- Norita is a spreading rose bush that grows up to 3.5 m tall. Rich red, densely double petals (on average 77 pieces in one bud) emit a faint aroma. The open flower reaches 12 cm in diameter. Flowering is abundant and continues until frost.
- Evening Star is a bush up to 80 cm tall with large, dark green leaves. The petals are double, white with a yellowish base, there are 40-45 of them in one bud. The open flower reaches a width of 11 cm and emits a noticeable aroma.
- Doris Tistermann - upright bushes up to 135 cm with large, bronze-green leaves. Flowering is abundant: the open bud reaches up to 12 cm in diameter, with orange petals.
- Cordes perfecta - compact bushes up to 80 cm tall. The flowers are cream, yellow at the base and have a dark red iridescence. Their diameter is 11-12 cm, the petals are densely double (60-70 pieces per bud). Flowering is abundant, the variety is winter-hardy.
- Lady X is an erect bush up to 120 cm with dark green, leathery leaves. The flowers are pink-purple, goblet-shaped with a high center. The open bud has up to 50 dense petals and has a diameter of 12 cm. They appear one at a time or in inflorescences of 3-5 pieces.
- Nicole - the rose grows up to 110 cm, has a long flowering period (from May until frost). The petals are burgundy on the inside and white on the outside and show excellent cutting stability. The flower has about 45 petals, opens to 12-16 cm in diameter, and exudes a light and pleasant aroma.
Types and varieties
Hybrid tea roses are the most popular and are widely used for landscaping and cutting. More than 10,000 varieties and numerous hybrids have been bred, which differ in the level of winter hardiness, disease resistance, shape and size of the bush, color and aroma of flowers.
The following varieties of hybrid tea roses are especially loved by gardeners.
- Anastasia is an undemanding variety, popular in flower shops and a frequent guest in flower beds, with delicate white petals.
- An unpretentious Red Queen with medium-sized bright red flowers.
- Hardy and delicate rose Gloria Day with large cream buds that change color throughout the flowering period. An easy to grow and disease resistant variety.
- Dame de Kerr is a vigorous rose up to 100 cm high. It pleases with cherry-red flowers with a light aroma. A variety with high winter hardiness and abundant flowering is suitable for cutting. The plant can be formed in the form of a trunk.
- Nostalgia is a white flower with a wide red border, resistant to adverse conditions.
- Piccadilly is a rose that resembles a spring butterfly: the base of the petal is creamy orange and the edges are bright red.
- The French variety Black Baccarat with velvety petals of a dark burgundy, almost black color looks expensive and rich.
- Bob Hope is a profusely flowering plant with a rich aroma and crimson-scarlet flowers.
The rose variety is chosen taking into account personal taste, local climatic conditions and the characteristics of the particular planting site.
Selecting a seedling and area for planting
Roses are quite capricious and their cultivation cannot be done without increased attention from the gardener. Proper care ensures 6-7 buds per peduncle and a long flowering period.
For planting, you should choose a sunny place, sheltered from strong winds and drafts. It is optimal to plant the rose next to buildings that create a barrier or taller bushes. It is not recommended to plant the plant next to other rosaceous representatives of the garden: raspberries, cherries, pears, rowan.
The soil is slightly acidic, loose, and quite nutritious. Planting is carried out in the spring, which provides time for rooting before winter. Soil fertilization is carried out in the fall, with a reserve for next year. For these purposes, humus or mullein is used.
When purchasing a seedling, you should pay attention to the following factors:
- the rhizome is well developed and branched;
- two or more stems with a diameter of at least 6 mm;
- the kidneys are at rest;
- there are no pale and excessively long shoots;
- The stems are mature, strong, and green in color.
Thanks to a brief description and photo of the names of varieties of hybrid tea roses mentioned above, it will be possible to compare them by the appearance of the flower. However, the compatibility of the variety with the planned growing region should be additionally studied.
Landing Features
To get a beautiful rose bush, you must plant it according to all the rules. This plant is often propagated by grafting, but there are also varieties that are propagated by cuttings.
Roses should be planted in the first days of May. Slightly acidic and fairly loose soil is best suited for this. Choose a place where there is plenty of sunlight and reliable protection from the wind. All soil must be removed from the root system of seedlings. Before proceeding to direct planting, the seedlings must be placed in ordinary water. They should stay there for at least a couple of hours, during which time the flowers can be saturated with water. It will be very good if you manage to immerse the entire plant in water. If this cannot be done, then try to ensure that all the roots and, of course, the graft, if any, are immersed in the liquid (it is located between the root and the stem and looks like a not too large thickening).
Prepare holes for planting. Here it should be taken into account that their size should be approximately 30 to 50 centimeters. The distance between bushes is at least 30–50 centimeters. As a rule, no more than 8 bushes are planted in one place. Before planting roses, they should be soaked in a special manure mixture. It is prepared quite simply, namely, manure, water and clay are mixed in a ratio of 1:1:2. After planting a seedling, you must make a cushion of soil around it. This is necessary so that during watering the water is retained in the root area. Finally, the bush must be hilled (hilling height is no less than 15 centimeters).
Features of PLANTING HYBRID TEA ROSES in the ground in early spring. What to pay attention to
Planting in open ground
purchased in advance is stored in a container with damp soil or sand, placed in a cool place - a basement or refrigerator. Planting outdoors is carried out in May-June; it is important to do it before the heat sets in. In this case, it is necessary that the earth warms up to +12 °C.
Before the procedure, the roots of the seedling are slightly trimmed and placed in water for 2 hours to drink moisture ; you can also place the entire plant in the liquid.
The depth and width of the hole should allow the roots of the plant to be placed freely without bending. Half of the space is filled with a mixture of organic fertilizers (peat, humus, cow manure) and sand - equal proportions. Dry soil is pre-wetted.
Next, the seedling is placed in the recess. Here you should pay attention to the thickening - the site of grafting. It needs to be lowered 2-3 cm underground. Then the missing soil is filled in and compacted. An earthen roller is built around the plant, which will prevent water from spilling.
Growing conditions
This type of roses can be grown in open ground, as well as indoors. The choice of method directly depends on the weather conditions in the region. Almost all roses belonging to this species are distinguished by very long flowering. A fairly large number of flowers are formed on annual shoots. In this regard, in spring the bush simply needs pruning, and how strong it will be depends on the variety.
In the 1st year of life, the bush is pruned by 2-3 buds, after that - by 5-7 buds. If pruning is done in the summer, the growth of shoots is significantly enhanced, which has the most beneficial effect on the establishment of repeated flowering. Experienced gardeners do not advise trimming more than 2 flowers from 1 bush, because this can cause the plant to become very weak. For the winter period, the rose is pruned in the last days of October, and shoots, leaves, flowers that have not ripened, and buds are removed. Everything you cut must be burned.
After pruning, the bush should be protected from frost by covering it with spruce branches. You also need to cover the plant stems with peat or soil to a height of 20–25 centimeters. If the frosts are very severe, then in this case it is simply necessary to make a frame, on top of which insulation should be laid. It must be covered with a film (synthetic) to protect it from getting wet. The edges of the film must be sprinkled with soil.
Features of watering a hybrid rose
The queen of the garden needs rare, but sufficiently voluminous watering. A young bush requires more moisture. Immediately after planting, water is added every 2-3 days. However, you should be careful and avoid over-watering - approximately 3-5 liters are needed per bush. When the plant is established, the period is increased to 1 time per week and guided by the drying of the soil.
Water is especially needed during bud formation and at the time of active flowering. If there is not enough liquid, the shoots develop poorly, the flowers decrease in size and lose their beauty.
It will be useful! An adult bush consumes about 10 liters of water, preferably rain or melt. The liquid should not get on the foliage and buds, otherwise the risk of developing fungal diseases increases. During hot periods, the water should be warm and added in the evening. In autumn, watering is needed only if there is a complete absence of rain.
The ground around the bush must be loosened and weeded in a timely manner. Loose soil retains moisture well and oxygen moves. The procedure is carried out on average once a month.
How to choose the right seedlings
It is necessary to choose the right seedling so that the rose takes root after planting and does not get sick. On sale you can see hybrid tea rose seedlings with open and closed root systems. It is best to choose a plant in a container - its roots will be in good condition.
It is better if the seedling is 1-2 years old. The root system must be strong, light in color, free of rot. The rose must be free of any stains or damage. Leaves and flowers must be trimmed.
Fertilizing
To ensure abundant and long-lasting flowering of hybrid tea roses, it is necessary to perform timely and correct fertilizing. The combination of organic and mineral fertilizers demonstrates excellent efficiency. The former improve the composition of the soil and nourish the rose, the latter enhance its growth and make flowering last longer.
The first year, root feeding is excluded - it was carried out at the time of planting. In autumn, you can add nutrients to the leaves: dilute 1 tbsp. l. potassium sulfate in 8 liters of water.
The following year, fertilizing is carried out in the spring, which allows for increased growth. Mineral dry fertilizers are used, sold in specialized stores. First, the bush is watered with water, then the fertilizer is scattered around - they retreat 10 cm from the central stem. The substances are embedded in the ground and watered again.
After 7 days, organic matter is added: 5 liters of mullein is placed around the bush and mixed with the soil with a rake. At the end of the procedure, watering.
During the period of bud formation, organic matter is again introduced. An infusion of chicken or cow manure is perfect for this case It is prepared in advance: 1 liter of manure is taken and diluted with 8 liters of water. The mixture is infused for 2 weeks, then diluted with water in a ratio of 1 to 5 and watered.
At the same time, foliar feeding is carried out with an infusion of wood ash. The last stage of fertilizing this variety of roses occurs in September - organic matter is added in any form.
Features of growing a plant
After planting in open ground, rose bushes must be properly cared for. By following simple recommendations, even a beginner can grow a rose bush.
Feeding roses
In the first year after planting, roses are not fertilized. For the next year, the fertilizer application scheme is as follows:
- In spring it is necessary to apply nitrogen fertilizers;
- at the beginning of summer, the bushes should be fed with organic fertilizers. The most commonly used infusion is mullein;
- in mid-summer, complex fertilizers containing phosphorus and potassium are used. Such feeding is necessary for the re-formation of buds;
- humus is used in autumn.
Fertilizers are applied in the evening. Before application, it is recommended to fluff up the soil and water it.
Important! If the leaves have turned pale green, you can apply foliar fertilizing with boron. To do this, you need to dissolve 1 teaspoon of boric acid in 10 liters of water.
Feeding roses
Watering seedlings
After planting, seedlings must be watered every two days. After the bush takes root and begins to set buds, watering is reduced to once every 4-5 days.
Loosening the soil
Loosening the soil means a lot for the development of roots. Regular supply of oxygen reduces the development of root rot. Additional shoots appear on the roots and the crop takes root faster.
Pruning roses
Pruning roses is carried out in several stages:
- spring - all shoots are cut off. It is necessary to leave stumps no more than 10-15 cm high above the ground level. Each cut shoot must have at least 3 living buds;
- sanitary pruning - carried out in mid-summer. All damaged branches are removed;
- autumn - the difference from sanitary pruning is that it is necessary to remove not only damaged shoots, but also shorten healthy branches by a quarter.
It is not recommended to completely cut off the shoots in the fall, since during the winter the buds may be damaged and the variety may die.
Trimming
Removing some of the shoots plays an important role in the proper maintenance of the rose. There are several trimming options:
- Strong - involves removing most of the shoot. As a result, only 3-4 buds remain. This option allows you to get large flowers in smaller quantities. The beginning of flowering is postponed to a later time.
- Weak - involves pruning the damaged or frostbitten upper part of the shoot. In this case, flowering is early, there are many buds, but the flowers are small.
- Spring is the most important. It is performed when the kidneys reach a size of 5-8 mm. On low-growing varieties, 3-4 buds are left with a total shoot length of 15-20 cm. On tall bushes, 8 buds remain on a total length of 30 cm.
- Summer - performed when the plant has bloomed. Withered buds and a small part of the shoot are cut off. In this case, the plant’s strength is not wasted on the formation of fruits, which will allow for more abundant flowering the next season.
- Autumn - necessary as preparation for the winter period. It involves removing unripe and damaged stems. This is done carefully so as not to cut off excess.
Important! All trimmed material is placed away from the bushes and burned in case pathogens are found there.
Rose variety 'Chrysler Imperial'
A luxurious variety created in the USA by Lammerts in 1952. Unlike the Chrysler Imperial car, to which this variety of rose is dedicated, and which is currently out of production, the rose continues to be one of the most popular varieties in the world . Rose variety 'Chrysler Imperial' The bushes are tall, 1.5-1.75 cm high. The leaves are dark green, matte. The flowers are spherical, red-crimson, double, 10-11 cm in diameter, very fragrant (classic pink aroma); bloom at the ends of long shoots during the summer; abundant flowering. Suitable for flower beds and cutting; There is a climbing variety. Susceptible to powdery mildew.
Disease treatment and pest control
Hybrid roses are susceptible to various diseases, powdery mildew is especially common. Let's look at the most common diseases and methods of their treatment:
- Powdery mildew - manifests itself as a white or grayish coating on the leaves and shoots. The cause of the disease can be a high nitrogen content in the soil, lack of sunlight or too much moisture.
- 1. For prevention, use 40 g of soda diluted in a liter of water. The resulting solution is sprayed on the bush in the spring. The procedure is repeated 2 times a week until the end of June.
- 2. Treatment consists of the use of special drugs - Topaz or Fundazol.
- Rust is noticeable on the budding buds in the form of orange dust. Spots appear on the foliage that have a convex shape and a corresponding color. At the end of summer the spots turn black. The bush and soil should be sprayed with iron sulfate in March. If the buds have blossomed, the drug Ordan is used. The affected areas are cut out and burned.
- Black spotting occurs at the end of July. A characteristic sign will be not only black spots, but also falling leaves. If the plant tries to grow green mass again, it takes a lot of energy, which prevents it from preparing for winter and results in death or severe illness. Densely planted roses without sanitary pruning are most at risk. Treatment is similar to the previous case; the drug Skor is also suitable - it is used to eliminate the disease and prevent it.
- Gray rot - affects the buds and young shoots of hybrid tea roses. It looks like a gray fluffy coating. Plants that are located next to the strawberry planting often get sick; the latter is highly susceptible to the disease. Prevention consists of maintaining a distance when planting and watering exclusively in the evening. Treatment is similar to powdery mildew.
Among the pests, the plant most often attacks the green aphid. To fight, a soap solution is used: a bar of laundry soap is rubbed into a bucket of water, then the mixture is boiled for 15 minutes, infused and filtered. The substance is sprayed on leaves and shoots, the procedure is repeated after 7 days. If there are a large number of pests, you can use insecticides that are sold in the store.
Comments (2)
Natasha
04/20/2020 at 00:28 |
Can I make tea from this rose? Why is it called that way? It became very interesting, I once even heard that it is possible to make tea from some roses, I don’t know how realistic this is.Answer
Yulia Expert Plodogorod
06/05/2020 at 23:07 |
Hello, Natasha! Hybrid tea roses were bred artificially. To do this, breeders crossed tea and remontant varieties of these flowers, hence the name.
This experiment led to the emergence of one of the most popular groups of rose bushes, because they inherited many positive qualities from the original crops, such as long flowering and relative resistance to cold and disease.
As for the name of the tea rose, it appeared quite a long time ago because of the aroma of the flower, which was reminiscent of high-quality Chinese tea. In addition, the shape of the bud is similar to the container in which the drink was traditionally brewed in ancient times.
Hybrid tea roses are not suitable for preparing a traditional drink. To do this, it is better to use only varieties of tea roses directly. Raw materials of just such varieties are added to drinks, because the petals are rich in vitamins and other beneficial substances.
If plants are cultivated for other than decorative purposes, we recommend using as little chemical fungicides and insecticides as possible to control diseases and pests. It is better to use folk remedies for prevention, and in case of infection, purchase biological products.
Answer
Wintering
In winter, the bushes are covered with dry leaves or branches of pine trees. You can sprinkle the entire 25 cm layer of soil or peat on top. In particularly harsh climatic conditions, you will have to build a frame on top, which is covered with insulating material and a water-repellent film.
Caring for a hybrid tea rose requires a lot of effort, but the result obtained will exceed all expectations. Bright and fragrant flowers will become the main decoration of the garden, which will delight the eye throughout the warm season.
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Growing
The rules for caring for rose bushes are not complicated. Yes, hybrid tea roses are considered capricious crops. Caring for them should not only be regular, but to a greater extent it should be correct.
Only proper maintenance of rose bushes will allow you to admire them all season long. Therefore, you are recommended to read the advice of experienced flower growers. By following all the recommendations, even a beginner can grow a rose garden on his own plot.
Hybrid tea roses are mainly grown as grafted seedlings. There are species that reproduce by cutting shoots. The graft is a small compaction that is visible between the trunk and the roots.
Landing
When choosing a site for planting, you need to give preference to nutritious and loose soils. In terms of acidity, the best option would be slightly acidic or neutral soil. Loose soil is necessary for free access of oxygen to the root system. Of course, they are not planted in areas of possible spring flooding or close to groundwater. Such areas are avoided or raised to a certain height by adding drainage materials and soil mixtures.
The place must be protected from wind and drafts. There should be a lot of sun rays during the day. A little shadow is allowed. Rose bushes are not planted under trees. You can plant it next to bushes, but only so that there is no shadow on the bush. Hybrid tea roses are planted in early May.
Before planting a seedling, it needs to be saturated with water. The roots of the plant and the grafting are placed in a container with ordinary water for two hours. If possible, then immerse the entire seedling.
While the seedling is saturated with moisture, the planting hole is being prepared. The width and depth are made within 0.35-0.4 m. When many bushes are planted, they are placed at a distance of up to half a meter from each other.
You need to add sheet compost and sand to each hole you dig. The soaked plant is then dipped in a special solution. It is prepared from manure compost, clay and water. It should have the consistency of sour cream.
You need to dip the entire root system and grafting into this mixture. Next, the seedling is lowered into the hole and covered with soil. The grafting should be level with the soil surface. Water with water, wait for the soil to settle and add more if necessary. A low border of earth is made around the bush. This will make it easier to water.
It is necessary to apply a layer of mulch (peat, sawdust) around the seedling. This will make it possible to retain moisture and prevent the growth of weeds.
Bushes are planted in flower beds and greenhouses. Cultivation methods are determined by the weather. All varieties of this species bloom for a very long time. Duration is achieved due to fruiting on one-year-old branches.
Many buds are formed on such shoots during the season. In order to produce as many buds as possible, you need to trim the shoots correctly.
Last year's shoots are trimmed. Annual branches cut off 3 buds. The next year, pruning is done to 5-8 buds. When pruning is done in the summer, this stimulates the bush to re-set flower buds.
After autumn pruning, which is done in October, the bushes need to be covered during the winter period. The bush is trimmed completely, leaving 6-7 buds on each shoot. Cover with dry leaves, peat, pine branches, and sawdust.
If the winters in your region are cold, then in November you need to still cover the rose bushes. To do this, you can use several iron rods, which are wrapped in rags and covered with a film on top to prevent the penetration of precipitation. Around such a structure, soil is poured from below so that the edges of the film are under a layer of earth.
Reproduction methods
Gardeners propagate hybrid tea roses from cuttings. The procedure is carried out at the beginning of summer, choosing green, non-lignified shoots. Seed propagation is not used due to the labor-intensive process. In addition, new bushes may not retain their parental traits. By layering you can breed varieties with long, flexible shoots.
