Cucumber Amur: description of the variety, photo, rules for planting and caring for the bush, harvesting

Cucumber Amur is a hybrid variety. It was bred by the breeding and seed company Manul. Since 2000, the variety has been included in the State Register of the Russian Federation. Private gardens and small farms in any region are suitable for its cultivation. This variety has many advantages and high yield.

cucumber seeds of the Amur variety

Cucumber belongs to the bunch type of fruiting

Ripe cucumbers Amur

Description of the cucumber variety

The Amur cucumber is an ultra-early hybrid - fruiting begins on the 37-40th day after emergence. The plant can be cultivated both in open and protected ground (greenhouses).

The Amur cucumber is a parthenocarpic plant, that is, it has a female type of flowering. This is a vigorous, indeterminate crop - stem growth is not limited. The plant is characterized by very weak branching, which practically eliminates the need to form a bush. The formation of 1-2 ovaries per node is typical. Characterized by simultaneous filling of several fruits.

The leaves of Amur are medium in size and green in color, with a slight waviness of the edges. The fruits are characterized by an oval-spindle-shaped shape, slight wrinkles, small tubercles, and a short neck. They reach 12-15 cm in length and weigh on average 100 g.

The fruits of the crop are distinguished by dark green skin; the first third of the length is covered with weak longitudinal stripes of light color. The Amur variety is characterized by weak pubescence and the presence of white spines.

The main harvest is harvested in the first month of fruiting. 12-14 kg of cucumbers are harvested from one square meter. Fruit growth is characteristic along the entire length of the cane.

An important feature of the variety is self-regulating branching. Stepchildren appear only after the active growth of the main vine and the formation of the main crop.

Description of cucumbers Amur F1

Amur F1 is an ultra early ripening hybrid bred by Dutch breeders. The designation F1 indicates that they belong to hybrids in the first generation. Cucumber Amur F1 has all the best characteristics of its related varieties, while surpassing them in yield and disease resistance. The hybrid was registered in Russia in 2000.

According to reviews from those who planted, the yield of Amur F1 is 11 kg/m2. The result is influenced by the nature of the weather, the cultivation area, and the place of cultivation (in open ground or greenhouse), etc.

Due to its early maturity, the crop can be planted twice per season. To successfully grow a hybrid, sometimes even a balcony or window sill is chosen. The productive variety is perfectly suited to “home” conditions, where it also produces good results.

Plant

F1 cucumber bush is distinguished by the following characteristics:

powerful and tall;
has little branching, but is able to control this process itself, due to which it does not need to be formed;
has strong branches that do not break even heavy fruits;
the presence of pubescent green leaves of medium size with smooth edges;
one node can contain about 8 ovaries.

Important! Cupid F1 is a parthenocarpic species, is distinguished by female-type flowering and requires pollination by bees. It follows from this that pollinating varieties (for example, Gladiator, Hercules) must be grown next to the hybrid. Otherwise, the plant, despite the large number of flowers, will have few fruits.

Fruit

Hybrid Amur F1 has a property that is surprising even for experienced gardeners - the ability of fruits to form and ripen within a period of 37 to 45 days after the first shoots appear, which is explained by the ultra early ripening type of these cucumbers. Numerous fruits ripen simultaneously; one node includes about 8 cucumbers.

the Amur F1 hybrid are different:

dark green, rich skin color, including white lines;
tuberculate, abundantly pubescent surface containing frequent spines;
oval, spindle-like shape;
crispy pulp that lacks bitterness;
weighing on average 90 g;
with an average length of 8 to 10 cm.

Attention! Often , when describing the fruits of the Amur F1 variety, they are called “gherkins”, which is due to the size of the cucumbers, which often does not exceed 9 cm. But some summer residents claim that their length can reach 15 cm. Therefore, those who prefer to use small cucumbers are recommended Harvest at least two to three times a week.

Advantages and disadvantages

Cucumber Cupid has many advantages:

ultra-early ripening;
no need for pollination;
cold resistance;
branching is self-regulating, there is practically no need to form a bush;
bunch-type fruit formation;
Fruiting is abundant and long lasting.
short fruitfulness;
excellent taste;
resistance to many diseases;
versatility in use.

The Amur variety also has some disadvantages:

The crop actively bears fruit only for a month, and if the harvest is not harvested on time, the fruits outgrow and lose their taste. The advantage of this variety in disease resistance has one nuance - this quality is manifested when a trellis is used for cultivation.

History of selection

is actively working on the creation of new, promising varieties (hybrids) of cucumber. Cupid F1 was created by the breeders of this agricultural company. It can be classified as a “weekend” variety because it does not require complex care.

Zelentsy retain their presentation for a long time and do not outgrow. Branching is limited, the bushes do not overgrow. Most of the crop is produced on the central stem. All Manul products undergo quality control.

On a note! Hybrid Amur has successfully passed all the necessary variety tests. In 2000, it was included in the State Register. The variety can be grown in any region of the country.

Soil requirements

Preparing the soil for growing Amur cucumbers must begin in the fall. It should be dug up and superphosphate added. Before planting in the spring, it is worth fertilizing the soil with rotted manure and wood ash.

After planting, mulching is effective. For this, peat (must be crushed) and sawdust are used.

Ultra-early ripening and high yield of the crop place a heavy load on the soil, which leads to its rapid depletion. You can avoid such trouble even at the seedling stage if you properly prepare mixed soil for it. It should consist of humus, peat, forest soil and sand. You need to mix them equally, and add 1 tbsp for every 10 liters. l. nitroammofoski and 3-4 tbsp. l. wood ash.

Planting and caring for Amur cucumbers

Cucumber Amur F1 is grown both by seedlings and by sowing directly into the ground. The first option allows you to harvest in a greenhouse at the end of May. And in heated greenhouses you can even collect them, from April to the end of October.

Amur F1 cucumber seeds are sown in the ground when the soil warms up to 15 degrees Celsius. For greenhouses this is the end of April or the beginning of May. For open ridges this is the second ten days of the last month of spring. To grow this variety, choose well-lit areas with light fertile soil. The soil is prepared in the fall. They dig it up and add compost.

In the spring, when loosening and forming ridges, potassium-phosphorus fertilizers are added to the soil. If it is necessary to loosen it, add wood ash or river sand. If the soil is alkaline, then peat can be used to loosen it.

Sowing is carried out according to the 40 by 50 cm pattern. The seeds are buried 1.0-2.0 cm. The top is covered with dry soil or peat. Water generously.

Rules for sowing seeds and planting seedlings

An important feature of the Amur variety is the fact that the seeds are sold already in processed form. This is evidenced by their colored shell. This treatment means that the seeds do not require pre-soaking or germination - they can be immediately used for planting in open ground or planting seedlings.

Amur is an early variety of cucumbers, so it can be planted in open ground. In this case, it is necessary to organize a temporary shelter - arcs with film or agrofibre. You can also use regular plastic bottles, covering the holes with improvised cups.

The crop can be planted in open ground immediately after the end of frost with seedlings, and seeds - at a temperature of 24 degrees. In the regions of the central zone, seeds must be planted before mid-June, and in the southern regions - before the end of the month.

The video below will tell you how to plant Amur cucumber seedlings:

The Amur cucumber can be planted not only in classic beds, but also on a compost heap, in bags, barrels, and boxes. To fill the container, use natural waste - fallen leaves, weeds, twigs, household waste. The top layer is garden soil and humus or compost. They need to be mixed equally.

Planting density depends on its method. In a greenhouse it is recommended to plant 3 bushes per 1 square meter. m, and in open ground - 4-5 plants. When using 200-liter barrels, plant 3-4 plants, and 1-2 in a bag.

If you want to get an early harvest, then you need to plant Amur seedlings. It is grown according to the following rules:

sow seeds for seedlings a month before their planned planting;
use separate pots or cups - plant 1-3 seeds in each container;
for growing seedlings, it is recommended to use a ready-made mixture - its composition is maximally adapted and saturated;
with several shoots, leave the strongest specimen in one container - the rest must be removed carefully so as not to damage the roots;
To plant seedlings, the soil must warm up to at least 16 degrees.

When planting seedlings in open ground, it is recommended to sprinkle the sprout almost completely. This technique ensures the development of a powerful root system - the key to a bountiful harvest.

Growing rules

The Amur variety can be planted with seedlings or seeds in open beds or in a greenhouse. You can grow cucumbers outdoors by direct sowing in the southernmost points of the country. A little closer to the central regions, Amur is already being cultivated through seedlings. The closer you get to the north, the more important it becomes to sow early in separate containers with subsequent removal to the greenhouse.

Sowing time

Amur seeds can be placed in open ground no earlier than the soil warms up to + 15 °C. This period differs significantly for different regions.

Approximate timing of planting seeds of the Amur F1 variety:

in the south they sow in early May;
in the middle zone, the optimal soil temperature is achievable by the end of spring;
planting seedlings at home begins in mid-April;
removal of young cucumbers to greenhouses or open ground is optimal at night temperatures of at least + 12 ° C;
Amur is grown in heated greenhouses all year round; survival rate and yield are more dependent on lighting.

Cucumbers are heat-loving, delicate plants that are painfully tolerant of contrasting temperatures. Optimal regime for growth and fruiting: above + 20 °C during the day, not below + 12 °C at night. Amur F1, as a super early variety, is more resistant to night coolness. And yet, when the temperature drops sharply, it is recommended to cover the beds with agrofibre.

Selecting a location and preparing beds

Principles for selecting a place to plant Amur cucumber:

Sunny area or light partial shade.
In the previous season, pumpkin crops did not grow in this place.
The best predecessors are onions, potatoes, tomatoes, legumes.
Loose, fertilized, neutral acidity soil.

The high-yielding variety Amur will respond well to soil fertilized in advance. In autumn, per 1 sq. m. of area, up to 10 kg of manure, 50 g of superphosphate and 25 g of potassium fertilizers should be added. In spring, use ammonium nitrate (20 g per 1 sq. m.). It is useful to place wood ash in the holes just before planting.

To prevent diseases and pests, it is good to water the beds with Bordeaux mixture (1 tablespoon of copper sulfate per 10 liters of water). Treat the soil at the rate of 2 liters per 1 sq. m.

How to plant correctly

With the seedling growing method, Amur cucumber sprouts are ready for transplanting within 14 days after germination. Seedlings with 4 true leaves are considered mature. It is advisable to transfer the plants to a permanent place no later than 35 days from sowing.

The weak branching of the cucumber allows plantings to be thickened to 3-4 bushes per 1 square meter. m, which significantly increases productivity. In an open bed, with vertical formation, you can compact seedlings of this variety to 5 bushes.

The distance between cucumber bushes is measured at about 30 cm. Planting in a checkerboard pattern is possible. Every 2 lines, leave an indent of 0.5 m. Plants of the Amur variety are buried in the holes up to the cotyledon leaves and watered abundantly.

The seedless method of planting Amur involves preparing the seeds, which significantly speeds up germination:

hardening - at least 12 hours on a shelf in the refrigerator;
germination - on a damp cloth in a warm room until sprouts appear;
Large producers are not required to disinfect and stimulate germination of varietal seeds.

The hatched cucumber seeds are buried no more than 3 cm. Having filled the holes, they are well watered. It is advisable to cover the beds with film until the bulk of the seeds germinate.

Aftercare for cucumbers

Cultivation of the Amur F1 variety frees the vegetable grower from the formation of bushes, but does not cancel the following stages of care:

Watering. The soil in the beds under Amur plantings should be constantly moderately moist. Increase watering during the flowering period, when cucumbers are filled, it is advisable to moisten the plantings every day.
Loosening and weeding can be eliminated by mulching the beds with sawdust, grass residues, and special garden materials. This prevents the soil from drying out and the roots from overcooling at night.
Feeding. Fertilize cucumbers at least three times per season. The first feeding is appropriate during the flowering period. Further fertilizer is applied as needed during fruiting.

For the full development of Amur F1 cucumbers, nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus compounds are required, as well as a number of microelements. Therefore, the easiest way is to purchase complex fertilizers and dilute them following the instructions.

Cucumbers of the Amur F1 variety respond gratefully to foliar spraying with nitroammophos, urea or superphosphate mixed with magnesium sulfate (1 teaspoon of dry mixture per 10 liters of water). Pollination with ash is the easiest way to additionally feed and protect plantings from diseases.

Care after landing

Cucumber Cupid is quite unpretentious in care. It consists of the following activities:

Watering . It should be abundant during active fruiting and on dry days. No more than 20 liters of water are needed per square meter; sprinkling is effective during drought when solar activity is minimal. The water should be heated to 25 degrees.
Feeding . It is recommended to apply fertilizer at least 2-3 times. Effectively use complex formulations. The first feeding is necessary at the beginning of flowering, then it is repeated at intervals of 1-1.5 weeks. It is good to use special mixtures for fertilizing: BioHumus, Agricola, Zdraven. Green fertilizers are also effective - fermented infusions of weeds (usually nettle is used). The infusion must be diluted in 5 parts of water. For one bush, it is enough to add 1.5-2 liters of this solution.
Bush formation . The first removal of inflorescences is required even before the development of 5-6 true leaves. To tie the lashes, it is necessary to organize vertical supports - there are many ovaries, so stems that are not tied may not withstand the load.

Growing technology and care

The beds should be watered as the soil dries out. In dry weather, it is recommended to spray the surface of the leaves with water (can be combined with foliar feeding). For irrigation, settled warm water is used, the temperature of which is 2-3 degrees higher than the temperature of the soil in the garden bed. The procedure should be carried out in the morning or evening, when the sun is not so hot. It is best to fill a barrel with water in the morning and put it in the sun, and in the evening, when it warms up, water the beds.

During the fruiting period, the crop needs more moisture and fertilizing. If the weather is hot, per 1 sq. m plot will require at least 20 liters of water.

At the beginning of flowering, and then a week later, the plants are fed with complex mineral fertilizer according to the instructions. Then an infusion of fermented herbs is added. It is easy to prepare. Chopped nettles or fresh weeds are collected in a large barrel. Fill the barrel about ¾ full, then add water to the top and allow to ferment. When the liquid resembles slurry, it is diluted with water - 1 liter of infusion per 5 liters of water. Apply carefully at the root.

The hybrid does not require pinning, but tying to the supports is necessary. Vertical or horizontal supports are installed in advance along the rows of plantings so that the shoots weave along them. If necessary, they are tied up.

It is better to fix the bushes to vertical trellises. Although they can ripen lying on the ground, this method provokes the development of diseases - rot, cladosporiosis, downy mildew. In addition, the fruits will suffer from slugs.

For better access to oxygen, the soil needs to be loosened at least once a week. You shouldn't dig it up. It is enough to pierce the hard crust formed from watering with a pitchfork to a depth of 20 cm. The forks are inserted carefully so as not to touch the roots of the plant, which are close to the surface.

How to achieve a generous harvest?

The standard duration of fruiting of the Amur is a month. At this time, sufficient watering and regular feeding are needed.

It is important to remember the recommended water temperature for irrigation. If it is too cold, fruit growth will slow down and the risk of disease will increase.

Diseases affect the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the crop. It is necessary to carry out their prevention in a timely manner.

The duration of harvesting can be increased if the conveyor method is used during planting. This means that the crop must be planted not in one day, but at certain intervals. The effect will be if a month is allowed between the first and last planting.

Storage

During harvesting, it is not recommended to pick fruits that are too small (they have not reached marketable condition). The optimal fruit size is medium.

Cucumber tolerates transportation and storage in plastic bags well and is resistant to mold.

Store fruits (without loss of presentation):

in a room with moderate humidity and air temperature 3-7° C (up to 10 days);
in the refrigerator (up to 2 weeks);
in a cellar with an air temperature of 7-10°C and an air humidity of 85-95%.

Wash fruits only before eating or processing.

Diseases and their prevention

Amur is characterized by high resistance to various pests and diseases, but certain factors can provoke such problems. It is important to carry out their prevention in a timely manner, and, if necessary, treatment.

Diseases may be the following:

Cladosporiosis . The disease manifests itself as rapidly growing dark brown spots on leaves and fruits. The cause is the remains of diseased plants in the soil. For prevention, Bordeaux mixture and special preparations are used.
Powdery mildew . This fungal disease is expressed by the appearance of a white coating on the surface of the leaves, followed by yellowing and drying. The reason usually lies in cloudy and cold weather. For treatment and prevention, fungicides and colloidal sulfur solution are used.
White rot . This disease is also called sclerotinia. It manifests itself as gradually darkening and spreading white spots on the stems or leaves, and their rotting. Prevention is to plant bushes at a sufficient distance, remove affected parts of plants, treat the soil with lime and crushed coal.
Ants . These insects are beneficial, but can bring aphids or damage the root system of the crop. You can get rid of them by treating the soil with boiling water, pouring kerosene into the anthill, or using special traps.
Whitefly . Insect larvae feed on plant sap and therefore harm them. For prevention, you need to loosen the soil, you can plant tobacco next to the cucumbers.

Harvesting and storage rules

Harvesting should be done 1-2 times a week. If you do this less often, the fruits will become coarser and lose their taste.

The Amur variety is considered a salad variety, so during fruiting it is actively used for food. This hybrid is also suitable for canning, but there is no need to delay its collection and processing, otherwise the taste will change and the peel will become rougher.

Cucumbers of this variety are often grown for sale, as they store well and survive transportation. At home, fruits should be stored in plastic bags in the refrigerator, but no more than a week.

Amur cucumbers are well suited for pickling. The fruits can even be frozen whole - in winter they are grated and added to ready-made dishes.

Cucumber Amur is a hybrid that ripens in an ultra-short time. It provides good yield, and fruiting can be prolonged using various techniques. It is important for the culture to provide proper care, including a whole range of measures.

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Care

The Amur cucumber variety is considered resistant and easy to grow. But in the absence of proper care and missed watering, you can lose your harvest.

Watering

The Amur f1 variety loves moderately moist soil, so in the period before the first flowers appear, the cucumber should be watered at least once every 4-5 days. The water must be heated under the sun's rays and pre-settled.

After the flowers appear, the amount of watering is increased 3 times. You need to water the Amur cucumber at the root, using a drip method. To prevent water from stagnating on the surface, the soil must be loosened well.

Top dressing

The Amur cucumber variety needs to be fed at least 3 times during the growth period. The first feeding is carried out during the flowering period. To improve the quality of the crop, nitrogen-potassium fertilizers are applied.

Further feeding is done as needed. You need to apply not only nitrogen-potassium fertilizers, but also add phosphorus ones. The easiest way is to buy ready-made fertilizer mixtures and dilute them according to the instructions. In addition to minerals, they should also contain other useful microelements.

For additional care of the Amur cucumber variety, you can spray the culture with solutions of superphosphate, urea, nitroammophos and a mixture of magnesium sulfide. Some gardeners use ash spraying. This protects the cucumber from pests.