Isetskaya juicy
Isetskaya succulent is distinguished by high levels of winter hardiness, productivity and immunity to scab. Susceptibility to pear gall mite and leaf spot is average. The crown shape is almost round.
As the name suggests, the fruits are especially juicy, yet sweet and oily. Weight up to 110 g. When ripe, they acquire a thick cream color and blush with a pink tint, sometimes a coral tint. The harvest is harvested in the second half of September. Can be stored for about a month.
Qualities of varieties intended for Siberia
Growing fruit trees in the Siberian climate is quite difficult, especially pears, which need light during the day as well as warmth. Siberian pear must have the following qualities:
- Cold resistance. To produce high yields of tasty fruits, pear trees must be able to withstand regular sudden changes in temperature, as well as extreme cold.
- Precocity. Since the duration of the summer season in this region is short, it is advisable to plant varieties with early ripening pears in Siberia, the harvest from which is harvested already in the second or third decade of July. In this case, it is advisable to best plant those varieties that do not require the presence of pollinating trees. Pear varieties planted in Siberia must tolerate not only cold snaps, but also high temperatures during the summer season.
- High yield. Only pears with a high yield will bear fruit regardless of weather conditions in the region.
For Siberia, pear varieties must have high yields
- The area where the pear will grow. Since this fruit crop is light-loving and heat-loving, the area for planting them should be well illuminated by the sun's rays and protected from gusts of cold winds and strong drafts.
- Soil requirements. For active growth and fruiting, pear trees need loose nutritious soils, preferably black soil.
- Irrigation mode. From the second ten days of July, pear trees begin to actively ripen fruits; at this time, the number of waterings and their volume should be increased.
- Fertilizer application. Before planting seedlings of these fruit trees, a complex of mineral fertilizers and organic matter must be placed in the planting holes. And the trees themselves in the spring, before the start of sap flow, are treated with a limestone-based working fluid to protect them from attack by harmful insects.
Before purchasing pear seedlings for growing in Siberia, you need to familiarize yourself with the features of choosing such fruit trees. And only in this case will gardeners in the future enjoy juicy, sweet pears from mid-summer.
Skorospelka Sverdlovskaya
Skorospelka Sverdlovskaya is a variety resistant to severe frosts (up to -50 °C) and spring frosts, one of the best for breeding in Altai. In terms of winter hardiness, it resembles the Flute variety. An important point: Skorospelka grows rather long branches, which is bad for fruiting. It is important for a young tree to undergo formative pruning.
The fruits are small, weighing 80–110 g, juicy, tender, very tasty - honey-sweet with harmonious sourness. The smell is pleasant, pronounced. The skin is rough, light yellow, covered with dots.
Perun
The Perun pear variety is medium-winter-hardy, so planting is preferable in the south of Siberia. Its important characteristic is resistance to fungal infections (scab, etc.).
Since the variety is self-sterile, growing this pear in Siberia requires the presence of pollinators.
The fruits are lumpy, large, from 135 to 180 g, golden. They have a sweet and sour pleasant taste. Late autumn ripening: harvesting begins in October and can continue until the first frost. You can store it until the New Year. When picked, the pear ripens, acquiring special juiciness. The fruits are consumed fresh and dried.
In areas with little snow, it is advisable to plant such a pear in the spring, otherwise the seedlings may freeze. It produces its first harvest 4–5 years after planting.
Svarog
When listing the best varieties for the northern regions, one cannot fail to mention the Svarog pear. The variety has high winter-hardiness and good resistance to fungal diseases. To grow a tree, regular watering is necessary - drought resistance is low. May be affected by the pear moth. Productivity up to 20 kg per tree.
The fruits are small - up to 80 g, yellow with a slight blush. The pulp is creamy, melting, sweet with a pleasant sourness. Harvesting begins in mid-September. It can be stored refrigerated for up to 3 months. The fruits have a universal purpose - they can be eaten fresh and processed.
Lel
The variety is zoned for the eastern and western Siberian regions. Average winter hardiness. The harvest is annual, approximately 45 kg per tree. Prefers loam.
Fruits from 65 to 100 g, yellow-green with a pronounced blush. Ripen at the end of August. When choosing this variety, keep in mind that the fruits are stored for a very short time, only up to a week in a cool place and 2-3 days at room temperature. However, their juiciness, tenderness and excellent taste (sweet and sour, slightly spicy) make this variety very popular.
Seedlings are planted both in autumn and spring, the main thing is that there is no threat of frost. In order for them to grow well, they require plenty of watering for some time after planting.
Features of planting and caring for pears in this region
In order for pear trees in this region to quickly take root, develop well in the future and actively bear fruit, you must first of all plant the planting material correctly. To do this, you must follow the following rules:
- Selecting a site for planting. Cold strong winds are a characteristic phenomenon for the Siberian climate, so it is better to plant heat-loving pear trees near outbuildings. They will protect the pears from gusts of cold wind. Poplars will be undesirable neighbors for this fruit crop - leaf rollers usually settle and actively reproduce on them, which most often damage pear trees. For the winter, the planted seedlings of this fruit tree need to be covered with agrofibre from frost and attacks by rodents that can gnaw the bark.
- The best time for planting seedlings is autumn, approximately 30-45 days before the onset of frost.
- Application of fertilizers. When planting pear seedlings, the main thing is to add all the necessary fertilizers to the planting hole; only in this case can you expect active and regular fruiting from this fruit tree in the future. Usually organic matter (humus or compost), as well as superphosphate, are placed in the pit.
- Carrying out pruning. After planting pear seedlings, their central trunks and side shoots are cut off by about 1/3. This procedure is necessary in order to remove dried areas of branches and activate the growth of side shoots.
If the gardener’s plot is not too large, then it is better to grow columnar varieties of pears on it, zoned for Siberia - more of them can be planted on the plot, and the total yield of trees will be quite large.
It is also important to provide the planted pear trees with proper care, which consists of the following:
It is important to provide the planted pear trees with proper care.
- Compliance with the irrigation regime. It makes the most sense to install drip irrigation in each tree-trunk circle, then the soil will be moistened evenly and gradually, and you can turn it on and off as needed. If it is not possible to install such equipment on the site, then you should water the pears in the usual way in the spring and autumn, as well as then. when the crop begins to actively ripen.
- Application of fertilizers. Pear trees are responsive to the addition of organic matter - humus, compost or rotted manure. It is applied once a season - preferably in the fall, as it takes a long time to decompose. Therefore, when applied in September-October, it will decompose into nutrients before the start of the spring season and will be actively removed from the soil by the root system of pears. To increase the yield, pear trees are also fed with urea. Also, potassium chloride is added to the tree trunk circles three times during the summer season.
- Carrying out preventive measures. Pears can be affected by fruit rot, sooty fungus or leaf rollers. To prevent diseases and attacks by harmful insects, in the spring before sap flow begins and in the autumn after leaf fall, trees are treated with Bordeaux mixture or copper sulfate solution, and also sprayed with fungicidal preparations. If these fruit trees are affected by bacteriosis, then all infected parts of the plants are cut down to healthy wood, the cut areas are disinfected with alcohol, then covered with garden varnish. And all cut shoots are burned outside the site.
Caring for pear trees is simple, so even novice gardeners can handle it. In Siberia, with its difficult climatic conditions, only zoned pear varieties should be grown, preferably with early fruit ripening.
Have you ever grown one of the varieties listed above? What feature can you add to the description? Share your experience in the comments.
Severyanka
One of the oldest varieties grown in Siberia. Despite its relatively low yield, it is popular due to its reliability: it can withstand severe frosts (down to -50 °C) and adapts to mountain climates. Recovers quickly after problematic winters.
This is a columnar pear, it is quite compact and suitable for small areas. It begins to bear fruit already 2 years after planting. The weight of the fruits is up to 100 g, they are dense, juicy, sweet and sour. The harvest ripens in August. It is recommended to remove it a week before full ripeness, as the fruits tend to crumble. They ripen well when picked.
It is partially self-fertile (up to 35%) and requires pollinators to obtain a harvest. Needs abundant watering.
Cultivation technique
It is recommended to choose a place to plant a tree near a building. This will protect it from strong winds and snow. If this is not possible, then for the winter the pear must be wrapped in agrofibre or any other material. The optimal planting period is autumn.
Note! The dug hole should be fertilized with organic matter. Pear is a very demanding crop when it comes to soil.
Before planting, the roots of the seedling can be kept in a superphosphate solution. This will nourish the root system and ensure its high-quality regeneration.
After planting a seedling, its branches need to be pruned, since the roots of the pear grow rather slowly, the seedling must spend all the useful organic and mineral nutrients on improving them, and nutrition will arrive in the upper part of the tree later.
On the site you need to have several trees of different varieties, since the pear does not self-pollinate; accordingly, the presence of several varieties of the same crop will allow you to reap a good harvest.
Planting columnar pears
If you have a small area for planting, you can choose columnar pears. Growing columnar pears will not cause any problems. The features of caring for this agricultural crop are the same, the only differences are in pruning the branches.
Taiga
Winter-hardy, high-yielding variety. Buds and wood are resistant to cold. Excellent immunity to gall mites and scab. The popular Berezhenaya pear variety has approximately the same endurance indicators. It begins to bear fruit in the 4th year. Most often, the harvest ripens at the end of summer.
The fruits, although small (up to 90 g), are tasty, sweet, dessert, with buttery white pulp. Ripe fruits are uniformly green. They almost never fall from the branches even in strong winds. They are consumed fresh, and also used for canning, cooking, making compotes and juices. They are stored for about a month.
Preparing Siberian pears for winter
Winter-hardy varieties of pears also need to be prepared for winter. During this it is necessary:
- get rid of overripe fruits remaining on the trees;
- cut off all dried branches;
- add phosphorus and potassium fertilizers to the soil, which improve frost resistance;
- carry out hilling.
Lukashovka
Frost-resistant and high-yielding variety: in some years one tree bears up to 200 kg of fruit, but bears fruit within a year. Not self-fertile, requires pollinators. Undemanding to soil. Tree height up to 5 m. Does not like excess moisture.
The fruits have different shapes - from almost cubic to elongated. Weight – 100–200 g. They are used almost exclusively for preservation: fresh pears are tart and sour, but after lying down, they do not ripen and quickly spoil. But they make good compotes, jam and marmalade. They are stored for a long time as dried fruits.
Decabrinka
Winter-hardy variety, immune to scab and pear mite. Drought resistance is average. Productivity is high.
The height of the tree can reach 5 m. A non-self-fertile variety, requires pollinators. Larinskaya and Uralochka are suitable. Like the Altai beauty pear, fruiting begins late - 7 years after planting.
The harvest ripens towards the end of September. The fruits weigh up to 120 g, have a light aroma and white juicy pulp with a sweet and sour taste. Gourmets value them as much as the fruits of the Berezhenaya pear. Can be stored from 1 to 3 months, transportable. It is preferable to eat them fresh.
Diseases and pests
The high immunity of the Altai Beauty variety makes it in demand in many regions. But in order to avoid problems during cultivation, in the form of pests and diseases, you need to follow a number of preventive measures.
Dangerous Pear Pests
Pears often suffer from pests, they affect the leaves, bark and fruits.
In this article, we have selected 11 of the most harmful insects that harm pear trees, and also ways to destroy them.
Diseases of pear trees
To get what they cherish, gardeners have to work hard, and the reason for this is pear diseases.
Read about 19 common pear diseases and how to combat them.
Autumn Dream
The variety is characterized by high yield, immunity to scab and pests. The plant is low and compact. The harvest is harvested in late August - early September.
The fruits are small. At the moment of ripening they are green-yellow, after storage the color becomes richer. The pulp is sweet and sour, refreshing, medium density. Processing is preferable to fresh consumption. The variety is recommended for those who want to store the harvest longer: at temperatures from 0 to -1 °C, the fruits can last up to six months.
In conclusion, we note that self-fertile pear varieties are very rare, so to obtain a harvest, you should take care in advance about the presence of pollinators.
