When to plant rowan: in spring or autumn and how to do it

Autumn planting dates

The time of autumn planting is determined by the climate of the area where the mountain ash will grow:

In the central region, the best period will be mid-September - mid-October.
In southern latitudes, it is best to plant rowan from early October to early November.
In the northern regions, an acceptable period would be the whole of September - early October.
For Siberia and the Urals, autumn planting is most suitable, because spring in these areas is not stable, there is a risk of frost or, conversely, extreme heat. While autumn proceeds with comfortable temperatures and sufficient precipitation.

Rowan, like other trees, is recommended to be planted after leaf fall.

If planting dates have been missed, the seedling must be preserved until spring. In this case, use one of three existing methods:

Basement storage:

The roots of the seedling are lowered into a container with wet peat, sand and sawdust.
The room must have comfortable conditions (air temperature from 0 to +10 degrees and 85-90% humidity)
Once a week, the root system is additionally moistened.

Dropping:

A deep hole is dug in the area and the roots of the seedling are placed there at an angle of 45 degrees.
It is then buried using a moistened mixture of sand and peat.

Snowmaking:

The seedling must be wrapped in a damp cloth and buried in the snow in this state. In this case, the optimal temperature for it will be maintained.

Using the latter method, you need to ensure that the seedling is not exposed, and that the layer of snow always remains thick.

Preparing rowan for planting

Bush rowan. Caring for mountain ash

Caring for mountain ash comes down to the timely removal of shoots, which often form at the root collar, and shoots growing below the grafting site, as well as watering, fertilizing and loosening the soil, molding the crown and controlling pests and diseases. Since rowan trees begin to grow quite early and quickly in the spring, pruning and fertilizing of plantings should be carried out as early and as quickly as possible. At the same time, weak and broken shoots are cut out from young plants, the longest ones are shortened somewhat to the outer bud.

When pruning fruit-bearing plants, the nature of fruiting should be taken into account. In species and varieties of rowan that bear fruit on last year's growth, the shoots are only slightly shortened, and the thickened crown is thinned out. For plants with weak growth, rejuvenating pruning is done on two to three-year-old wood to encourage the growth of new shoots. In rowan trees that bear fruit on various types of fruit formations, the semi-skeletal branches are shortened, systematically thinning and rejuvenating the ringlets.

Starting from the third year of life, young rowan trees must be fed with mineral fertilizers. Three-time fertilizing is most effective: in the spring, before flowering, add 20 g of nitrogen. 25 g of phosphorus and 15 g of potassium fertilizers for each square. m landings; in summer - 10-15 g of nitrogen and phosphorus and 10 g of potassium; in the fall, after harvesting, 10 g of phosphorus and potassium. Fertilizers are applied shallowly, slightly digging up the soil, after which the plantings are watered abundantly.

Pros and cons of autumn planting

In the autumn, you can buy seedlings at a reduced price.
Also during this period, the planting material will be fresh, so you can appreciate its health and condition, both foliage and root system.
Autumn planting will cause much less hassle; the gardener will be spared the need to constantly check the soil moisture level. Nature will do all the work for him.
Young trees planted this season will begin to grow 2-3 weeks earlier than during spring planting.
Also, many summer residents are attracted by the prospect of saving time. In the fall there is not much to do in the garden, which cannot be said about the spring period, when there will be a lot of trouble.

Due to winter frosts, both the root system and the tree itself can freeze.
Also, the health of red rowan can be affected by strong winds, which will break off young branches.
Another disadvantage is the attacks of rodents, which can damage the tree in late autumn.

Cherry replanting in the fall. Instructions for planting cherries in the fall with photos

All planting work begins with preparing the seedling and hole. First of all, equip the landing hole. This is done in advance, about a month in advance.

The dimensions of the planting pit for cherries must correspond to the root system and standards. The depth of the pit should be about 50 cm and the width – 70 cm. The bottom of the pit should be well drained.

To do this, use gravel or broken bricks. Fertile soil mixed with humus is poured on top of this layer. Mineral fertilizers are not used when planting cherries.

An excess of nutrients is harmful to the plant. The winter hardiness of seedlings decreases.

How to plant cherries

Immediately before planting, the seedling needs to be soaked. To do this, the roots are dipped in a bucket of water for 8 hours. It is possible to add root, which stimulates root formation. After which it is necessary to inspect the seedling and remove all damaged, dry roots. Next, minor pruning of healthy roots is carried out.

When starting to plant a seedling, adhere to the following rules:

1. The roots are straightened and the plant is installed in the hole.

2. Then they stick a wooden peg to which the tree will be attached.

3. The planting hole is covered with earth and compacted.

4. During planting, pay attention to the position of the root collar. It should be 5-7 cm above ground level.

5. A groove is formed along the edge of the tree trunk circle into which watering will be carried out.

6. Planting is completed with abundant watering, regardless of the weather.

7. After which the tree trunk circle is mulched.

Cherry trees are not pruned in the fall after planting, so as not to weaken the tree. The seedling is tied to an installed peg, trying not to squeeze the tree bark.

How to plant rowan - important rules

In order for the autumn planting to be successful and the mountain ash to take root in a new place, experienced gardeners recommend adhering to several basic rules:

The planting material must be in perfect condition; if the roots begin to curl, then such a tree will take root less well and must be planted before the cold weather.
If the seedling was purchased with a closed root system or a special mesh, then there is no need to get rid of them.
If you miss the deadline for autumn planting, it is better to postpone the procedure to the spring.
Do not overdo it with the amount of fertilizer applied.

Manure should not be used as a top dressing; it can burn and damage the young root system.

A small tree needs to be prepared for cold weather.
It is advisable to tie the rowan planted in the fall to a support so that it does not sway or break during strong winds.

Properly planted rowan

Rowan propagation - rules and basic methods

Crops are propagated by all available vegetative methods and the seed method. Grafting is sometimes carried out on the rootstock of an ordinary rowan tree - its powerful root system nourishes the scion well and protects it from possible dry soil. Very often, hawthorn, Finnish rowan, or for some varieties, wild pear are used for this.

When choosing a cutting method, you can use both green planting material, which is harvested in the summer, and woody planting material - autumn. Each of them has a good survival rate when planted, and therefore, with proper care, growing a healthy tree will not be difficult. The main thing is proper storage during the winter. A basement or cellar is perfect for this purpose. The cuttings are placed in a box filled with damp moss and periodically sprinkled with water to maintain moisture.

The seed propagation technology is much simpler than others. The only drawback is the later date of reaching fruiting time. Before planting, rowan seeds must be stratified - kept for about a month in a humid environment in a cellar or refrigerator. This procedure becomes an artificial reason for the planting material to fall into so-called sleep, after which, once in warm soil, it begins to actively germinate.

Seeds are sown in spring or autumn; about 100–130 seeds are sown per 1 meter of land. In the fall, a year later, young seedlings can already be planted in a permanent growing location.

How to plant rowan in the fall?

Autumn planting differs from spring planting in many respects. In order for mountain ash, planted before the onset of cold weather, to take root in a new place and grow well, it is necessary to adhere to time-tested rules.

Selection of seedlings

Before you start planting, you need to purchase a high-quality seedling.

The root system should be moist, without visible damage, with 3-4 main branches and 25-30 centimeters long.
The presence of wrinkled bark indicates that the planting material was overdried.
The crown should also be well developed; the presence of a main conductor and main branches is very important.

During transportation, the roots of the seedling are wrapped with a damp cloth and placed in a plastic bag.

Preparing a seedling for planting:

Before planting, it is necessary to remove all dry and damaged branches, the same rule applies to the roots of the tree.
For best hydration, the root system of the seedling is placed in a clay mash for 2-3 hours.

In order for all the tree’s strength to be spent on growth and adaptation in a new place, it is necessary to remove all green foliage.

Rowan seedlings ready for planting

Selecting and preparing a place for planting or replanting a tree

Rowan is famous for its unpretentiousness and ability to take root on various soils. But in order for the tree to grow and bear fruit better, the following conditions must be observed:

The best option would be loamy or sandy loam soil.
The soil should be loose and neutral, the presence of expanded clay drainage is welcome.
Rowan loves sunlight very much, so it is better to choose a non-shaded area.
The soil must be well moistened.
It is desirable that the groundwater level be below 1.5 meters, but mountain ash also tolerates a closer location.

Rowan is planted at a distance of 4-5 meters from other trees. Approximately 2-3 weeks before planting the seedling, it is necessary to prepare the planting hole, it should have time to settle.

The depth of the hole is 40-50 centimeters, the width will depend on the size of the root system of the seedling.
The fertile soil layer is mixed with:

A bucket of compost or humus;

150 grams of superphosphate;

300 grams of wood ash.

One third of the hole is filled with the resulting mixture.
Then half of it is filled with infertile soil.

Planting rowan in open ground:

Before planting, pour a bucket of water into the prepared hole and wait until it is absorbed.
Then a seedling is placed there, which needs to carefully straighten the roots.
The root collar should be 5-7 centimeters above ground level.
When filling the hole, it is recommended to shake the tree slightly to fill all the air pockets.
After the rowan is planted, the soil around the tree trunk is carefully compacted and thoroughly watered.
At the final stage, you need to mulch the tree trunk with humus or peat.

Watering rowan immediately after planting

Care after landing

In order for the tree to form correctly and grow strong and healthy, it needs to be properly cared for in the first years of its life. To do this, adhere to the following rules:

For the first 2-3 years, rowan is not fertilized, because it will lack the nutrients added during planting. An exception would be nitrogen fertilizers that stimulate tree growth. They can be applied from the 2nd year of planting.
When watering, 2-3 buckets of water are consumed per rowan tree. Water the tree 4-5 times per season; if there is heavy summer rainfall, you can leave only spring and autumn watering. After each application of moisture, the soil must be mulched.

Rowan is watered along furrows or using special grooves.

In autumn, the soil around the trunk is dug up to a depth of 10-15 centimeters. Throughout the season, the soil around the tree should be kept clean and loose.

Rowan - main characteristics and popular varieties

Rowan belongs to the genus of deciduous trees or shrubs, characterized by high frost resistance and unpretentiousness to the composition of the soil. Feels good in forests and mountainous areas. Its cultivation is widespread throughout all territories of Russia, including the Far North. The plant is easy to propagate and, if desired, you can create a whole garden from different varieties of this crop.

Since ancient times, this tree has been planted near the house; it is believed that it can protect unkind people from the evil eye. Taking advantage of the fact that the shoots are characterized by elasticity and hardness, spindles and staves were previously made from them, and in our time baskets and some other elements for decorating the interior and garden area are woven. Various products are cut from the wood of this species: spoons, dishes.

The fruits of the plant are used much more often than branches; jams and jams are made from them, and they are added to desserts. Ripe berries are used in the production of vegetable fabric dye. They are also collected and dried to create beads and decorative items.

Many gardeners have already identified their most favorite varieties of rowan, which have distinguished themselves in practice by the abundance of the harvest and the taste of the fruit, these are:

Large scarlet is the most valuable species, the weight of its berries reaches 4–5 grams, and their color resembles cherry fruits. From an adult tree, you can harvest up to 150 kilograms of harvest per season, which is distinguished by its juiciness and lack of bitterness. This variety was obtained as a result of hybridization of rowan and several types of pears.
Pomegranate - characterized by especially large fruits, the size of cherries. The yield is very high, up to 170 kilograms from a crop older than 6 years. The berries are sweet and sour, there is no bitterness. The variety appeared from crossing rowan with large-fruited hawthorn.
Titan - its main quality is increased frost resistance; this variety is planted in regions with harsh winters. Titan was the result of crossing rowan with pear and red-leaved apple. The fruits are small, about 2 grams in weight, the plant is medium-sized with a wide crown shape.
The beautiful mountain ash is a tree with a pyramidal crown that grows up to 6 meters. The variety came from crossing rowan with pear. The productivity of the beauty is high, the fruits are up to 2.5 grams of orange-red color. This species is distinguished by the unusual oblong shape of the berries. Their taste is slightly tart, but devoid of bitterness.

Some varieties are planted in the garden more for the purpose of decorating the site than for harvesting. However, these species can boast of excellent fruit taste.

Kene is a dwarf tree, has graceful leaves and large pearl or white berries. Upon reaching fruiting age, it becomes, if not the main thing, then one of the main decorations of the garden - it looks very decorative. Its height does not exceed 2 meters.
Ruby is a dwarf plant with a spreading crown, reaching a height of up to 2.5 meters. The fruits are very tasty, sweet and sour, their weight does not exceed 2 grams. The color of the berries is dark ruby.

A description of the main criteria for each type will help the gardener navigate the variety of varieties of this fruit crop and choose the best option for himself. People often hear the name - chokeberry. It is a misconception that a plant with a similar fruit shape is a variety of mountain ash; in fact, it is chokeberry.

Both genera of plants - chokeberry and rowan - belong to the rose family and are relatives in the botanical hierarchy, however, taking a closer look at them, you can see that they are completely different. The first is a shrub that grows from a meter to two and a half; its leaves have a completely different structure, different from the leaf blades of the second.

How to prepare red rowan for winter

A newly planted tree will not have time to fully strengthen before the onset of cold weather, so it needs help to cope and survive the frosts. To do this, the gardener must perform the following steps:

The trunk of the rowan tree is wrapped in burlap , after which the structure is insulated with spruce branches.
The lower part of the trunk needs additional protection, so it needs to be buried with fallen snow and ensure that its amount does not decrease and does not expose vulnerable areas.
In order to avoid sunburn, the trunk of the rowan tree must be whitened.
Protection against rodents can be provided by special pesticides that are scattered around the tree.

Unpicked rowan berries left for the winter

Rowan - tree or shrub?

The family includes tree and shrub forms. The former have one trunk, which sometimes bifurcates while maintaining the characteristic shape of the crown. Culture is long-lived. When thinking about how long a rowan tree lives, you should know that in the natural environment there are specimens about 80 years old. Common rowan also belongs to the trees. However, it often has several trunks and grows as a tall woody shrub.

To finally understand that rowan, which grows everywhere, is a tree or shrub, it is worth knowing that standard specimens are common in the middle zone and southern regions. In gardens, as in the wild, there are trees 2-15 m high. Closer to cold latitudes and on the border of vegetation in the Far North, shrubby species of rowan live.

Reference! Shrub varieties include Elderflower, Mealy, Khosta, Kene, and tree varieties include Large-fruited and Intermediate.

Choosing a landing site

The tree is quite tall, so it is recommended to plant it on the border of a personal plot. Rowan does not grow well in environmentally polluted regions. It is undesirable for factories and enterprises to be located nearby. The plant tolerates shade and bright sun well, but does not respond well to prolonged drought. For this reason, planting rowan at higher elevations is not recommended.

You cannot plant a tree if the groundwater level is higher than 1 m - the root system will rot. The plant is placed on any side of the garden plot; most varieties have good winter hardiness. Rowan is not afraid of temperature changes, drafts and strong winds. It is not recommended to make beds with vegetable crops nearby.

Feeding chokeberry.

The productivity of chokeberry increases with systematic feeding.

In the spring, annually, 5-8 kg of humus or compost and 50 grams of ammonium nitrate are added to each adult bush.

At the beginning of summer, every year, 10 liters of fresh mullein diluted with water (1:5) or a bucket of diluted bird droppings (1:10) are poured under each adult bush. These fertilizing can be replaced by adding to the top layer of Agrolife soil.

At the end of summer, annually, 0.5 liters of wood ash (instead of potassium fertilizers) and 100 g of superphosphate (after fruiting) are applied to each adult bush.

Requirements for purchased seedlings.

When buying a seedling, pay attention not to the height of the shoots, but to the quality of the root system, which must be powerful and healthy (must have 2-3 main branches at least 25-30 cm long). The roots must be fresh and moist; if the roots are dry and weathered, the seedling may take root, but will grow slowly.

The bark on the trunk and branches of the seedling should not be wrinkled (otherwise the seedling was dug up a long time ago and would have had time to dry out). By pinching off a small piece of bark, you can find out whether the seedling is alive (if the green bottom is exposed, then the seedling is alive, if it is brown, then it is dead).

When purchasing a seedling in the fall, the existing leaves on the branches are carefully removed without damaging the buds on the leaf axils.

When transporting, the roots of the purchased seedling are wrapped in a damp cloth and placed in a plastic bag.

If it is found that the seedlings are very dry, they are immersed in water for 2-3 days (no more).

If it is not possible to immediately plant the purchased seedling, then it is buried in a shaded place in the country house. Dig a shallow elongated hole sloping to the south. The seedling is placed in the hole at an angle. They fall asleep so that both the roots and half the length of the shoots are underground. Water generously. In this form, seedlings can be stored for 3-4 weeks without compromising quality.

Preparing the site and soil

For optimal tree formation and a healthy harvest, a well-lit area is selected. With a lack of light, the plant stretches.

The shrub is not very picky about the composition of the soil. It bears fruit equally on loamy and turf-podzolic soil. The main requirement: the soil must be neutral in acidity. Acidic soil is treated with dolomite flour or lime once every 3-4 years. An area that is too saline is unsuitable. It is not recommended for transplanting nisina. At low humidity, the berries grow small and dry.

The roots of the bush are located at a distance of 0.5 m from the surface, so they are not afraid of groundwater.

growing chokeberry (chokeberry) |

Chokeberry is light-loving (does not bear fruit well in the shade). Chokeberry is moisture-loving (especially in the very heat - in the middle of summer). Chokeberry is frost and winter hardy. Chokeberry does not tolerate thickening (the yield decreases).

Chokeberry is a strongly branching shrub up to 3 m high. Thanks to its late flowering, it practically does not freeze and produces good annual harvests. In garden plots it looks good as a hedge when planted on the border.

Chokeberry belongs to the apple subfamily. Chokeberry is a perennial shrub up to 3 m tall, resembling vigorous currant bushes in shape. Blooms late with large white inflorescences. It is not damaged by spring frosts. Winter hardiness is good. The fruits are large, round, shiny, black, sour-sweet with a slight tartness, without bitterness.

Chokeberry is a fast-growing crop. In the third year after planting it produces the first harvest. It has great shoot-producing ability. Its most productive branches are between 4 and 7 years old.

Fertilization of flowers occurs with the help of insects and wind. To obtain a more generous harvest, it is better to purchase several varieties: single-varietal plantings, although prone to self-fertility, are still less productive.

The root system of chokeberry is highly branched, fibrous and penetrates to a depth of 2-3 m. However, the bulk of them lies in a soil layer of up to 60 cm.

The fruits ripen in September-October and, without falling off, stay on the bush until frost.

They are widely used fresh and for making preserves, compote, jam, marmalade, jelly, juice, liqueur, tincture, liqueur, and natural wine of a beautiful dark ruby color.

Thanks to its beautiful dark green leaves, chokeberry has excellent decorative qualities. It is especially good in the spring during the flowering period and in the fall, when the leaves acquire a purple-red color.

When sown with seeds, chokeberry begins to bear fruit in the 4th year, and when vegetatively propagated (by suckers, layering, grafting, cuttings, dividing the bush) - in the 3rd year.

The growing season for chokeberry, as well as for ordinary rowan, begins very early, from April.

In the chokeberry bush there are perennial branches, basal branches and root suckers. Young chokeberry plants bear fruit on the previous year's growth from the lateral apical buds.

Proper planting of rowan: choosing the season and features of the procedure

Rowan is a hardy tree with a lifespan of up to 100 years. The plant decorates the garden plot at any time of the year - beautiful carved leaves, fragrant flowers and bright clusters of berries delight the eye. In its natural environment, the tree grows in Europe, Asia, and the Caucasus. If you follow the recommendations for planting and care, you can grow rowan in any region of Russia.

Why is a transplant needed?

Chokeberry produces a good harvest regardless of the soil composition. There is no need to replant it without a reason - this is a stressful situation for the plant.

A transplant is necessary in the following cases:

Highly rising groundwater, causing roots to rot.
Low yield.
Darkened area.
There is a cherry tree growing nearby, which is susceptible to the same pests as the chokeberry.
An overgrown bush takes up more space than was intended.
The tree is located next to the house, which negatively affects the foundation.