Winter-hardy cherries - varieties for the Moscow region and central Russia
The best self-fertile varieties for the Moscow region and the middle zone
The self-fertility of varieties lies in the ability of fruit trees to self-pollinate with their own pollen. Those that form 20–40% of the fruits from the total number of flowers are considered self-fertile. Self-fertile varieties do not require cross-pollination with other varieties. Their advantage is that they are independent of the flight of pollinating insects.
But today there are not so many self-fertile varieties of cherries. Therefore, even with such trees, it is better to plant pollinating varieties nearby, which in any case will help increase productivity.
The best varieties of self-fertile cherries for the Moscow region today are recognized as:
- Narodnaya Syubarova is considered the best option throughout Russia. True, you shouldn’t expect a huge harvest; 50 kilograms from one tree is the limit; you can’t collect more even in the most successful year. The berries of this cherry are medium in size. The tree itself is tall, with a powerful trunk and branches that can withstand the load of snow or wind. The plant is highly self-pollinating, the fruits ripen up to 90%. The seedlings take root well and are able to grow even on sandy and loamy soils.
- Ovstuzhenka is a frost-resistant cherry that can withstand down to -45 degrees. It is conditionally self-fertile, since pollination takes place within one tree, the resulting ovaries are no more than 90%. Medium large berries, from 4 to 7 grams. The harvest is 30-50 kg per tree. The tree is not tall, which allows it to be grown on an industrial scale.
- Revna is a small plant with a pyramidal crown. Self-fertile, very prolific, not large-fruited, its berries are not large, but very sweet and aromatic. Cold-resistant, can withstand frost down to -6 degrees during the flowering period. It is highly transportable, can be stored for a long time, and is dense and not watery at maturity.
Early winter-hardy and late varieties of cherries
Almost all known varieties of cherries are mostly self-fertile, and only a few species are self-fertile, and then only partially, since they also require pollinating varieties for a full harvest. Therefore, when choosing a variety to plant in your garden, you need to immediately buy a pollinator plant in pair with it, which will have the same flowering period. Cherries are divided into 3 groups according to flowering time.
Winter-hardy early varieties of cherries:
- Iput is frost-resistant and bears good fruit. Pollinators can be Revna and Raditsa.
- Homestead yellow - a self-fertile variety, frost-resistant, vigorous, slow-growing, fairly productive. The berries are medium, sweet and sour.
- Gronkavaya is a strong, frost-resistant variety. The fruits received a high dessert rating. Suitable pollinators: Cheremashnaya, Raditsa, Iput, Fatezh and Ovstuzhenka.
- Krasnaya Gorka - less resistant to diseases, the berries were highly appreciated. Pollinators, like Iputi.
- Ovstuzhenka - refers to partially self-fertile varieties, the fruits are rated well. It is good to plant Iput cherries next to them.
Mid-season cherry varieties:
- Rechitsa - belongs to the varieties of the bigarro group, frost-resistant, not large-fruited, with very sweet dark red berries. Resistant to diseases. Among the pollinators, it is better to choose Pink Pearl, Adeline and Ovstuzhenka.
- Leningradskaya black from the guinea group. Sweet, medium-sized berries with pulp that cannot be separated from the seeds. The tree is of medium height, has little resistance to frost, and is not capable of self-pollination. Pollinators: Iput, Revna, Bryanochka, Tyutchevka and Veda.
- Leningrad pink - also belongs to the gini group. Small berries with delicate, yellowish skin with ruddy barrels, the flesh is sweet and yellow. The plant is quite tall, has a lush crown, and does not self-pollinate. It is recommended to plant next to the following varieties: Adeline, Chernyshevsky, Pink Pearl and Rechitsa.
- Tyutchevka is a medium-sized tree, very resistant to cold and disease. The berries are bright red, medium in size, well suited for freezing and transportation. The plant is partially self-pollinating. Recommended pollinators: Iput, Raditsa and Ovstuzhenka.
- Large-fruited - a tall, fast-growing tree with a wide crown of medium density. Large-fruited cherries have dark red berries, the weight of which is 10-12 grams, and are considered a dessert variety. The best pollinators will be Surprise and Oratovsky.
Late ripening varieties:
- Michurinka is not a tall tree, resistant to drought and disease. The berries are dark red, strong, fleshy and sweet. They are stored for a long time and transported well. The variety is self-sterile. Pollinators required: Michurinskaya late and Pink pearl.
- Bryansk pink belongs to the bigarro group. The berries are medium-sized, about 5 grams, with sweet pink pulp that cannot be separated from the seed. The following varieties are suitable for pollination: Iput, Revna, Ovstuzhenka and Tyutchevka.
Yellow cherry that is not afraid of birds
Birds love to peck red cherry fruits, especially early varieties. If the garden is located near a forest, rowan thrushes flying from it can destroy the entire berry crop in a matter of hours. Therefore, it is better to cover the red-fruited varieties of the Moscow region with a net during their fruiting period.
Yellow cherries are not afraid of this misfortune - birds do not touch its berries, and the harvest remains intact. In addition, red fruits do not tolerate heavy summer rains and often crack. Yellow cherries, unlike red-sided cherries, do not have such a disadvantage.
The most common cherry variety found in the Moscow region is “Yellow Priusadabnaya”. It is from the early ripening varieties of the bigarro group. The berries are medium-sized, weighing about 5-6 grams; their pulp, like the peel, is yellow, sweet, but with a slight sourness. Yellow Household loves black soil, so it takes root well in the middle zone.
Features of the variety:
- self-pollinating tree, has high yields;
- Fruiting begins quite late - in the 6th year, while ordinary trees begin to bear fruit in the fourth year;
- frost-resistant variety, resistant to fungal diseases, not afraid of cherry flies;
- requires frequent pruning and removal of shoots, since the tree reproduces quickly and has a very lush crown.
Low-growing trees - small and remote
To achieve high yields on a small planting area, columnar fruit trees are increasingly being used, since there is less care and consumption of associated materials, and mechanized harvesting is also applicable to them. Among the thousands of cultivated varieties known in the world, tall ones predominate.
And only a few of them, such as the yellow Fatezh cherry, have relatively moderate growth. To develop short cherry varieties, modern breeders have used several methods to suppress the dominant tall gene. We will tell you about two of them.
- Raising dwarfism donors. Cultivated large-fruited cherries are usually grown on antipka seedlings, which are vigorous rootstocks. To reduce the height of the tree, low-growing rootstocks are used. Clonal cherry rootstocks known today have a wide range of possible crown reduction, which is 20-90%. The effectiveness of using low-growing rootstocks was noted by world breeders, industrial gardeners and private farms. Thanks to recent research, the prospects for using dwarf cherry rootstocks have been confirmed, which has influenced the further development of breeding work in this direction.
- Exposure of test samples to radiation. This method is based on causing a mutation in plants that suppresses the dominant traits of their tallness. As a result of the work of Canadian specialists, low-growing varieties of cherries were developed - dwarf varieties Compact Lambert and Compact Stella. The resulting columnar forms have earlier periods of full fruiting than large-fruited tall cherries.
But, despite many advantages, even the best columnar varieties have a number of disadvantages. Flower buds of weak-growing cherry rootstocks have low resistance to spring frosts, which often leads to a noticeable loss of part of the harvest. In addition, the buds of dwarf trees bloom earlier than those of tall plants, which can lead to the threat of freezing.
Another significant disadvantage of columnar cherries is their excessive yield, since the fruits ultimately lose significantly in size, which affects their market value. To prevent this phenomenon, the crowns of columnar trees need regular adjustments aimed at regulating the crop load.
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Features of cultivation and care
It is recommended to give preference to well-lit areas without drafts. The tree will grow well in loamy, well-moistened soil. If groundwater is located close to the soil surface, a good drainage system is required. Seedlings aged 2-3 years with a well-developed healthy root system are ideal for planting.
Cherry Fatezh
The dimensions of the planting hole can be within 70 X 100 cm. The soil that is removed when digging the hole is mixed with humus, wood ash and mineral fertilizers. A wooden peg is driven into the middle of the hole, which will serve as a support for the trunk of the seedling.
Important! The distance between trees should be at least 4 m.
When planting, the roots of the tree are carefully straightened and gradually covered with soil. The root collar of the seedling should be at a height of 5 - 7 cm above ground level.
The tree needs to be watered approximately once every 30 days. If the summer is dry, the frequency of watering is increased to once a week. After watering, the circle around the trunk is loosened and mulched. This helps retain moisture in the soil for several days.
During the first 2 - 3 years after planting the seedling, it is not necessary to fertilize it. The fertilizers that were added to the planting hole are sufficient. The older the tree, the greater its need for feeding. Therefore, young trees are fertilized once a year (in spring), and adults - twice a year (in autumn and spring).
On a note! Sweet cherries respond well to phosphorus fertilizers, which are applied in late autumn.
Trees need to be insulated for the winter. For this, burlap or roofing felt is used. It would also be useful to protect against rodents by wrapping the tree trunk with barbed wire or spruce branches.
The crown needs to be formed in summer and autumn. In this way, it will be possible to accelerate the growth of the tree, as well as increase its productivity.
Experienced gardeners advise avoiding the following mistakes when pruning:
- leave a seedling 2 m high or more without pruning;
- allow the growth of branches with less than 4 buds;
- do not trim the top branches;
- leave the length of branches after pruning less than 36 cm;
- do not carry out sanitary pruning.
Proper care will ensure an excellent harvest of yellow berries.
Features of cultivation and care
Popular varieties of cherries
Thanks to the painstaking work of breeders, winter-hardy varieties of cherries were gradually developed, which made it possible to enjoy the most delicate taste of freshly picked fruits far from the southern latitudes.
Cherry fruits ripen earlier than others and thereby open the fruit and berry season. Both children and adults adore them. They are highly valued for their sweet, delicate taste. Vitamins contained in berries (A, B1, B2, E, P and C), micro- and macroelements (malic acid, flavonoids, coumarin, pectin, carotene and fructose), minerals (manganese, calcium, potassium, copper, fluorine, cobalt , iron and phosphorus) put cherries on a par with the most valuable food products. It is especially important for normalizing the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract, cardiac and hematopoietic systems, and maintaining tone. Also, its use stimulates the active functioning of the kidneys and reduces cholesterol levels in the blood. Cherries are endowed with such valuable properties.
Table varieties (gini) are not stored for long and are not easily transportable. These are mainly early ripening varieties. There are also varieties from the bigarro group, that is, medium and late ripening. They are intended for long-term storage and processing (juices, compotes, jams and preserves).
Cherry varieties early ripening line
Homestead
This is the most popular early ripening variety. Ripening of fairly large fruits (6-8 g) begins at the end of May. Fruiting is regular, generous, and begins already in the 4-5th year.
The main color of the round-heart-shaped fruits is yellow with a red blush on half. Juicy, tender, gristly flesh has a dessert taste. The fruits are resistant to cracking of the skin in rainy weather. This cherry variety is resistant to bacterial stone fruit cancer and moniliosis.
Mayskaya
Mass ripening of medium red berries (5-6.5 g) begins in the second ten days of May. The yield of aromatic berries with a pleasant sweet-sour taste is very high. But given the height, the sharp branching of the main trunk makes them difficult to collect. This variety is frost-resistant.
And the way
Large (up to 9 g) fruits ripen in late May. The berries are dark red, almost black when fully ripe, and are suitable for processing. The average height of the trunk allows you to fully harvest the crop. The variety is resistant to diseases and winter-hardy.
Medium ripening varieties of cherries
Fatezh
In early June, the medium-sized (4.5 g) pink berries of this winter-hardy variety ripen.
Such cherries have a high yield - up to 50 kg per mature tree, and are resistant to the harmful effects of fungi. The downside of this variety is considered to be self-sterility (it requires a pollinator for pollination; Cheremashnaya or Krymskaya are considered the best).
Chermashnaya
A giant tree needs pruning of the main trunk at the age of 3-4 years. At the same age, fruiting begins in early June. The berries are large, yellow, with a sweet and sour delicious taste. Winter hardiness is average.
Late ripening cherry varieties
Bryansk pink
Self-sterile, winter-hardy variety, resistant to diseases. At the age of 5 years it begins to bear fruit. Pink fruits are round in shape and medium in size, resistant to cracking. Recommended pollinators are Tyutchevka, Revna, Ovstuzhenka, Iput.
Announcement
The dark red, almost black berries ripen in the last days of June.
The pulp of the fruit is dark red with white veins, juicy, gristly, with a sweet and sour taste. The berries are suitable for processing, transportation, and storage. The variety is drought-resistant and winter-hardy. Self-fertile.
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Description of cherry varieties
Cherries are a favorite delicacy for most people. They are attracted not only by its juicy taste, but also by its various beneficial qualities. The small berry contains B vitamins, vitamin C, magnesium, which has a positive effect on brain function, minerals, and iron. In addition, cherries are used to improve digestion, as they are easily absorbed by the body without overloading our digestive system.
Biologically active substances such as carotenoids and flavonoids strengthen the walls of blood vessels, help improve blood clotting, and prevent the formation of blood clots. Cherries also serve as a good pain reliever for arthritis and rheumatism due to the salicylic acid it contains. Diabetics can eat them without fear for their lives; the fructose in the berries is easily absorbed by the body.
For the female half, the properties of cherries are invaluable. It is recommended by nutritionists in the fight against extra pounds, and by dermatologists, because thanks to vitamin PP, the condition of the skin noticeably improves. It acquires a healthy shade, swelling and excess wrinkles go away. During pregnancy, 300 grams of cherries can increase the mother’s overall immunity, normalize kidney function, and promote the elimination of various toxic substances.
Cherries are often used for cosmetic purposes. They make nourishing masks and scrubs that perfectly exfoliate the skin and tighten pores. In folk medicine, decoctions of cherry leaves and flowers are common, which have anti-inflammatory properties and are used to treat infections.
Unfortunately, the season when you can treat yourself to these berries is short. But experts advise freezing cherries to extend the time. This will not prevent them from retaining their beneficial qualities.
Black cherry varieties
"Valery Chkalov"
The tree of this variety has a dense, spreading crown that needs thinning. Cherries ripen quite early, but are resistant to freezing and can withstand temperatures up to 23 degrees Celsius without any additional structures.
The berries bear fruit at the age of 5 years, and to obtain a high-quality harvest, planting pollinators is necessary. They can be varieties such as “Aprelka” and “Skorospelka”. Ripe cherries have a juicy wine, almost black color, and one fruit reaches 8 grams in size. The Valery Chkalov variety has a sweet taste. However, despite its apparent lightness, cherries need winter tying, since there is a high risk of losing the entire harvest due to the love of forest and field rodents for these berries.
As many gardeners and hobbyists say, cherry fruits are easy to transport. They are easy to grow in a local area, because when the berries ripen early, the caterpillar does not have time to lick them. The main disadvantages of this variety lie in its tendency to rot.
"Lasunya"
The fruits of this variety are denser than those of Valery Chkalov. The tree is fast-growing, and the crown is spreading, characterized by medium density. Lasunya bears fruit on its fourth anniversary after planting, and the harvest reaches 50 kg of berries from a 12-year-old tree.
The best pollinators for the variety will be: “Priusadnaya”, “Valery Chkalov”, “Skorospelka”. The average weight of one berry reaches 8-10 grams. Cherry has a dark red color, approaching black, and is quite large in size. The flesh is semi-crispy.
Ripening occurs in the last 10 days of June, and the fruits are used both fresh and for harvesting. Perfect for making compote.
"Ruby Nikitina"
The variety is a hybrid obtained by hybridizing Leningradskaya red and Zolotaya Loshitskaya cherries.
The tree is tall, the crown is pyramidal with branching in the form of tiers. The size of the fruit is 3.8 grams. The skin color of the Rubinova Nikitina variety is a rich ruby hue, close to burgundy. The berry is also distinguished by its red, dark pulp, juicy and delicate taste. The seed is small and easily separated from the berry. Fruiting occurs in the 5th or 6th year.
As gardeners note, this variety is partially self-fertile. Due to their versatility, berries are easy to transport. During winter frosts and spring frosts, the tree's resistance to unfavorable conditions is observed. In hot and dry periods, “Ruby Nikita” will show its best side, delighting with its bright taste and richly colored fruits.
"Leningradskaya black"
The peculiarity of the variety is that when it ripens and takes on an almost black hue, the berries stay firmly on the shoots and do not fall off at all. Since the days of their full ripening occur in July , cherries can calmly hang on the tree until September, retaining their almost sugary taste. The pulp of the berries is juicy, soft, fibrous.
This variety is self-sterile. A rich harvest is provided by pollinators of pink or yellow cherries, for example “Zorka” or “Red dense”.
According to experts, it is better to plant “Leningradskaya Chernaya” in sunny areas with fertile soils that do not have stagnant water. The tree loves high moisture, but in most cases it is absolutely unpretentious: it easily tolerates high and low temperatures, and also has good resistance to various pests.
"Revna"
The variety "Revna" grows quickly, but does not reach special heights. Large burgundy-colored berries have a sweet dessert taste. A good quality is their unpretentiousness during transportation; they do not spread or burst, but retain their elastic appearance thanks to their dense skin.
Cherries bloom in mid-May, but the berries themselves ripen on the tree late, in mid-July. Pollinators such as “Ovstuzhenki”, “Iput”, “Tyutchevki” and others will help in the fight for a large harvest. In severe winters, you can observe that the variety is not afraid of severe frosts, and in the summer its resistance to fungal diseases manifests itself.
Varieties of yellow cherries.
"Drogana yellow"
The tree of this variety is vigorous with a pyramidal-rounded crown. The fruit reaches a weight of 6.5 g , which is its average weight, up to 8 grams.
Cherries usually bear fruit in the 3rd or 4th year, but the harvest is more moderate, and the berries reach maturity in early August.
The color is white-yellow, occasionally there is a ruddy tint, the flesh is light yellow, juicy and sweet.
Gardeners note that this variety has a poor level of transportation due to its very thin skin. Therefore, it would be much safer to use berries for jam or compote. They cannot tolerate the freezing process.
It must be said that the “Drogana yellow” variety is winter-hardy and self-sterile, so in order to get a rich harvest, it will be necessary to plant other varieties of cherries in the garden: “Pink Napoleon”, “Francis”, “Gaucher” and others. In addition, the berries are susceptible to cherry fly attack and gray fruit rot.
"Rossoshanskaya gold"
The tree of this variety has an average yield and is characterized by low growth. In order for it to grow, it requires fertile, light soil with a good level of moisture. Rossoshanskaya Zolotaya cannot tolerate stagnant water.
The berry is quite large in size, with an average weight of 6-7 grams. The fruits are bright yellow in color. When the cherry is fully ripe, a barely noticeable pinkish blush appears on its barrel. The pulp of the berry is not dense enough, but sweet with a slightly noticeable sourness and honey flavor. What is important is that cherries tolerate many diseases that other varieties are susceptible to. Perfect for making preserves, juice, jam and even wine.
"Summer resident"
The crown of the “Dachnitsa” tree is raised, spreading and has medium density. Like “Drogana yellow”, it tolerates all climate changes well and is drought-resistant and winter-hardy.
The berry is large, about 7-9 grams , rounded and heart-shaped. The bone is easily separated from the main pulp, which has a barely audible sweet and sour taste. If the tree is grafted, it begins to bear fruit in the fourth year. The variety is self-sterile; the best pollinators for it will be: “Talisman” and “Drogana yellow”. Cherries begin to ripen between the 16th and 18th of July.
The fruits of "Dachnitsa" are widely used for various preparations and processing.
Varieties of pink cherries.
"Early Pink"
This variety is widely popular among gardeners in the south of the Central Black Earth zone. At its 10th anniversary, the tree reaches 4.5 meters in length. Flowering begins early, the variety is self-sterile.
The fruit weighs on average 5 grams, and its shape varies from blunt heart-shaped to round-oval. The color of the berry is creamy yellow and has a fiery barrel color. The pulp is juicy, beige, and the juice is colorless. If the tree has received enough sun, the cherry tastes bright, sweet and sour. Otherwise, it has a bland and low-sugar taste.
When the variety cracks, it remains securely attached to the tree, and overripe fruits only improve their taste.
Among the disadvantages, gardeners highlight poor transportability. The skin of the berry is very tender and easily bursts, prone to the appearance of dark spots. Cherries do not ripen at the same time, but grafted on antipka can produce a harvest of 40 kg per tree. Has a high level of winter hardiness.
"Bryansk pink"
“Bryansk pink” cherries begin to bear fruit 5 years after planting. The tree has a wide pyramidal, raised crown. The variety is also self-sterile and requires pollinators: “Iput”, “Revna”, “Tyutchevka”.
The average size of the fruit reaches 4 grams, and the maximum is 5.5. The color is light pink, the color of the flesh is yellow. The berry is dense and sweet , has a juicy bright taste.
The variety has high winter hardiness and good resistance to fungal and putrefactive diseases.
Thanks to its dense skin, cherries are easy to transport and resistant to cracking.
"Julia"
The variety "Yulia" is very popular among amateur gardeners in the Voronezh and Belgorod regions. The tree grows quickly and in adulthood reaches 7-8 meters, or even higher. Cherry is self-sterile, and flowering starts in the early-mid period.
In young trees, the size of the fruit reaches 5-8 grams, its shape can be heart-shaped or round. The color is cream, closer to yellow. Cherries that have consumed a lot of sunlight are distinguished by a reddish blush. The pulp is creamy, the juice is clear, sugary and sour. Despite the fact that the variety enters the fruiting period rather slowly, the yield of “Yulia” is high, sometimes equal to 54 kg from one tree.
This variety of cherry is one of the most winter-hardy. The berries are perfectly transportable, but due to the large size of the tree, planting it in a small yard will be quite problematic.
"Leningrad pink"
Main qualities: high resistance to frost, diseases and pests. The fruits are medium-sized, no more than 3 grams, yellow with high taste.
"Orlovskaya pink"
The tree has a medium vigor, about 3.5 meters in height. The fruiting period begins already in the third year.
The berries have a direct dessert purpose due to their sweet and sour taste. The pulp is medium dense, the juice has no color. The color of the skin, like the pulp, is pinkish, but the fruits are medium-sized, weighing no more than 3.5 grams. The seed can be easily separated from the berry.
Cherries bloom between the 10th and 15th of May and ripen in mid-July. The variety is self-sterile. Suitable pollinators would be: “Adelina”, “Rechitsa”, “Pink Pearl”, “Teremoshka”.
Possessing good yield, the variety has low winter hardiness and resistance to fungal diseases.
Cherry varieties suitable for growing in the Moscow region.
"Fatezh"
Trees of this variety are medium-sized, 3.5 meters high. The crown is spreading, spherical and drooping. The cherry was bred on the basis of the Leningradskaya Yellow variety.
One tree can supply five buckets of round reddish-yellow berries, weighing 4-6 grams. The pulp of the fruit is soft, gristly and juicy with a pale pink color. The taste is sweet and sour, rich. The seed is easily separated from the berry.
“Fatezh” begins to bear fruit by the third year, in early or mid-July. The winter hardiness of flower buds and crowns varies: medium and high. The tree is resistant to various diseases, such as moniliosis and coccomycosis, and is demanding in terms of agricultural technology. Since the variety is self-sterile, it is worth planting with such varieties as “Chermashnaya” and “Iput”.
"Tyutchevka"
Flowering occurs on 10-15 days of May. Like “Fatezh”, the tree is medium-sized, 3.5 meters high and of medium density.
The berry is large, weighing 5-7 grams , with a dark red color and small specks. The pulp is red, very juicy and dense , the color of the juice is wine. Separating the pit from the pulp can be difficult.
The variety is partially self-fertile. It is better to plant “Revna”, “Ovstuzhenka”, “Raditsa” in the neighborhood. Blooming flowers are easily susceptible to late spring frosts and cracking.
Due to their versatility, berries can travel different distances and bear fruit steadily and regularly.
"Chermashnaya"
The variety is an early one. A tree of medium height, 4.5 meters high with a round-oval crown. The weight of one fruit reaches 4-5 grams, the color of the skin is amber-yellowish, uniform. It is distinguished by its tender and juicy pulp. The taste is sugary with a barely noticeable sourness.
Due to its winter hardiness, “Chermashnaya” is perfect for growing in the Moscow region. What is important is that the berries are resistant to fungal diseases. Cherries ripen by mid-July.
"I put"
Cherry is also an early cherry. The flowering period begins on the 5th-10th of May. The berries are very large in size, reaching 5-9 grams in weight. The shape of the fruit is blunt-hearted, and the color is dark red, almost black. The pulp is tender and juicy, and the taste is sweet. “Iput” is resistant to diseases and winter frosts, and begins to bear fruit in the 5th year.
The yield of this variety reaches enormous sizes, up to 30 kg per tree. It is characterized by partial self-pollination, but the disadvantage is the possibility of cracking, which leads to the impossibility of transportation.
White cherry varieties.
"White Bordeaux"
The tree begins to bear fruit on its fifth anniversary. The fruit blooms and ripens quite late, but has a high yield. By the age of 15, the tree can produce about 100 kg of berries.
It is one of the most winter-hardy varieties. However, it is easily attacked by cherry flies and is poorly resistant to fruit rot.
The average size of the fruit reaches 3.7 grams, the color is golden, like the color of the pulp. The taste of the berry is excellent; it is sweet and juicy.
As gardeners note, this variety is difficult to transport, but it makes excellent compote, jam or other processings. But you shouldn’t freeze the berries, they won’t tolerate it.
"Winkler white"
Cherry fruits ripen in mid-July and last until the twentieth of this month. The tree is distinguished by its strength and productivity.
The berry is beautiful, quite large, sharply heart-shaped. There is a longitudinal seam line on one side. The fruits do not adhere tightly to the tree and may crack during the rainy season. An interesting fact is that this variety is susceptible to attack by birds only if there are no other ripe cherries in the garden.
The skin is almost transparent, cream-colored, thin. It may be covered with a barely noticeable blush on the sunny side, or dotted with dots of the same color. The pulp is dense, beige, tastes sweet, but with acid. The fruits do not spoil or rot, but when overripe they become like raisins.
"Zaslonovskaya"
This variety stands out among others for its high yield and winter hardiness. The tree begins to bear fruit in its third year.
The fruit is medium-sized, the skin is creamy, for which it is classified as a white cherry variety. Ripen by the end of June.
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Sweet cherry , as a fruit tree, is much less common than cherries. This is explained by the fact that it places higher demands on moisture. Trees of this crop are less frost-resistant.
Let us present a description of the most common varieties of cherries .
Drogan yellow cherry
Drogana yellow cherry is the most productive variety. The trees are vigorous. They begin to bear fruit in the 5th-6th year and immediately, under favorable conditions, produce abundant harvests. Ripens late - in early July. Fruits with crispy pulp, pleasant taste, are especially good for compotes. In rainy years, the fruits on the tree burst and rot.
Distinctive features of the variety: vigorous trees with a rounded-pyramidal crown, large, oval-shaped, sharp-serrated leaves with two yellow glands at the base of the leaf. The fruits are large, bright yellow in color, turnip-shaped, on a long stalk.
Cherry Francis
Francis cherry is much less common than yellow Drogana. The trees are tall and are not inferior in frost resistance to the main variety Drogane yellow. They begin to bear fruit early and produce abundant harvests. The berries are not affected by fruit rot and do not burst; they taste better than yellow Drogana. They are suitable for fresh consumption and for all types of processing. They ripen in early July and stay firmly on the tree.
The variety is distinguished round-heart-shaped fruits The pit does not separate well enough from the pulp.
Benefit
Yellow berries contain a lot of coumarin and hydroxycoumarin. They thin the blood and prevent the formation of blood clots. By eating cherries internally, you can cleanse the body of harmful compounds and cholesterol, normalize blood pressure levels and increase hemoglobin, and improve the functioning of the liver and gall bladder. The vitamins and microelements included in the natural product tone the body and strengthen the immune system. Dermatologists advise using cherries in home cosmetology. Masks based on it rejuvenate the skin and increase its elasticity, smooth out fine wrinkles and restore a fresh look to the face. In addition, external use of cherries can improve the condition of patients with psoriasis.
Attention!
The amber-colored berries are contraindicated for use in cases of flatulence and intestinal ulcers.
The green mass also has healing properties. Decoctions based on it relieve debilitating pain due to rheumatism. The antibacterial properties of the raw material make it possible to use it in the treatment of infectious diseases of the respiratory system. Of course, folk remedies will not replace drug therapy, but they can complement and strengthen it.
Cherry Napoleon pink
The pink Napoleon cherry occupies a middle position in distribution between the yellow Drogana and Francis. The tree is vigorous, less frost-resistant than the main variety Drogana yellow. The fruits are damaged by gray rot. It begins to bear fruit in the 4th year, but in the first years the yields are low. This variety is distinguished by high yield and good taste of the fruit. They are used for fresh consumption and for making compotes. They ripen in early July. Sticks well to wood.
Distinctive features of the variety: thick skeletal branches and shoots. The leaves are elliptical or oval with a thick reddish petiole. The fruits are large, rounded, heart-shaped, pale yellow in color with a pink blush.
Aelita
Aelita is a variety obtained by crossing several varieties. Drogan, Valeria or Annushka become its pollinators. The berry may have a pink side, but the variety is considered yellow. The berries already appear by the age of four. If we take the harvest for consideration, it is quite large with proper care. Large-fruited clusters in the form of bouquets increase the volume. Ripening can be called late, since the fruit is harvested already at the end of July. The taste is universal, juicy and easily separated from the stone. Many gardeners use it for various purposes, even for making wine products.
Cherry April
Aprilka cherry variety is widespread. The tree is medium-sized, its frost resistance is weak, and its yield is average. April has become widespread due to its early entry into fruiting and extremely early ripening. April flowers ripen by the end of May. The fruits are consumed fresh; they are not suitable for processing. It is easily distinguished from other varieties by its early ripening and medium-sized dark red fruits.
We hope the description of cherry varieties will help you better understand these beloved berries and choose the right seedlings for your garden.
homehelper.in.ua
varieties of yellow cherries!! tell your friends
Tatiana Gribanovskaya
Homestead yellow is a variety for the middle zone. The fruits are large, pure yellow, the flesh is also yellow, juicy, and gristly. The bone comes off well. Resistance to winter frosts is high, flower buds are resistant to spring frosts. Table variety. It begins to bear fruit in the 5th-6th year. Advantages - the variety is self-fertile, highly resistant to diseases and pests, annual yield. The fruits do not crack in rainy weather. Disadvantage: tall, fast-growing tree. But the higher the tree, the more fruits it bears, however! On my property, it shows off in season like a huge yellow corn!
Oleg Kupolovsky
from the old varieties I know Dragana yellow and yellow-pink-Priusadubnaya
Sergei Kudryashov
In Samara, I have a yellow drogana, a delicious sweet tree of gigantic size, but it needs a pollinator, but there won’t be enough berries.
Tatiana Afonina
My neighbors had yellow cherries. It was delicious and the tree was huge and productive. But there was a lot of it; there was nowhere to put it. They began to pick, so on each berry a fingerprint remained and after a few hours this mark already looked like rotten berries. It was difficult to sell it on the market. They cut it down...
Reviews
Cherry is excellent in all respects - frost-resistant, resistant to monilial burn. The berries are large, tasty, beautiful. But in rainy weather it is severely affected by gray rot.
My grandmother has 2 Large-fruited trees, 12-14 years old for sure - we eat them ourselves, and sells compotes. The market goes out with a bang - the berries are large, marketable, sweet - a sight for sore eyes! And transportability is good.
Large-fruited is an excellent cherry, it always sets a lot, does not shed, everything ripens. At the same time, the tree does not rest - every year there is a good harvest - a lot or a lot. The only problem is cracking and, as luck would have it, it always rains during the berry-filling period. For fruit rot I use Speed.
Large-fruited - a wonderful variety! We start eating it red. The size is like Chkalov’s, very tasty, sweet, already red. As it ripens, it still gains weight and color. Fruits in late June. The blackbirds don't touch it; the early ones eat it.
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