Autumn treatment of the garden with urea: pros and cons, instructions and reviews

You can often observe how the fruits on the trees first begin to rot and then dry out. You can fight this disease with a urea solution, starting in the fall, and then repeat in early spring.

Spraying trees with urea in the fall will prevent their disease next year.

Spraying with urea begins when 50-75% of the leaves of the trees in the garden have fallen. Precaution is not at all superfluous, since the dosage is horse-dose, 600-700 g of urea per 10 liters of water. If leaf fall has not yet begun, the foliage will burn and the trees will not survive the winter well.

It is believed that this treatment replaces spraying with 3% Bordeaux mixture, although in early spring it is still better to spray the garden with Bordeaux mixture. But urea has an important advantage - it is harmless and quickly decomposes in air.

In addition, not only trees are sprayed with urea, but also the soil under them, which heals the garden and accelerates the decomposition of fallen leaves. This method works great against infection and can even kill some of the pests that have gathered to spend the winter on trees. True, it all depends on the quality of processing.

Spray the trees in calm weather with fine-droplet jets, trying to evenly water the trees with foliage on both sides.

No matter how good spraying with urea is, it does not cancel subsequent garden treatments in summer and spring. Although it can replace spring spraying of the garden with Bordeaux mixture. The effect of spraying can be enhanced by sanitary pruning and careful collection of plant debris in the garden.

Heaps of garbage, remains of branches after pruning - everything must be burned so as not to leave refuges for infection and pests.

It will also be useful to remove dead bark from the trunks by first laying film or cloth under the trees. All cleaning is also sent to the fire.

Sometimes you can observe on fruit trees how the fruits first rot and then gradually dry out on the branches. You can help the trees by spraying them with urea in the fall. This disease can be prevented partially or completely, depending on the extent to which the garden is affected.

In early spring, the treatment can be repeated even before the buds bloom on the branches. I spray trees in the fall with urea, dissolving it in a 500-600 g bucket of water. This disease is contagious and can persist in fallen leaves and fruits, on the ground and in grass growing nearby. Therefore, I carefully spray not only the trees, but also the ground around. I filter the solution through a triple layer of gauze so that the spray is fine and does not clog the nozzle.

I repeat the treatment in early spring, and my garden is practically free of this disease.

Urea - what is it?

• Urea is a fertilizer that is known to every gardener and gardener. Another name is urea. Contains about 46% nitrogen. Presented in the form of ammonium salts involved in biochemical processes. Nitrogen is necessary for all metabolic processes.
• Urea is quickly absorbed by any plants.
• The drug is more active than other fertilizers that contain nitrogen.

You can buy urea in agricultural stores. Sold in the form of white granules. It dissolves in water without residue and has no specific odor.

Important! Nitrogen is of paramount importance for plant development. It is necessary for the root system. This is the basis for the formation of vital nucleic acids.

The importance of fertilizers such as urea cannot be overestimated.

Properties and characteristics of urea

A protein compound called Urea (and this is urea) was popular among agronomists of the century before last. Externally, urea is small, neat granules of white, milky or translucent color. After entering the soil and interacting with groundwater (including precipitation and irrigation), urea is converted into ammonium carbonate.

With further decomposition of the components of the drug, ammonia and ammonium bicarbonate are released, which gradually turns into nitrate form. Thanks to the long process of decomposition with changing forms of compounds, plants dosed receive all the necessary microelements with each watering.

Of all the nitrogen fertilizers used today, urea is the most concentrated preparation. It is suitable for both root and foliar feeding and can be used as part of more complex nutrient mixtures. Urea helps to increase the level of nitrogen in the green mass of plants, the formation of protein and plant tissue cells. In addition, when sprayed early in spring, it can be used as a prophylactic against certain fungal diseases and pests.

On the contrary, a lack of nitrogen affects plant growth and external characteristics. In horticultural crops, nitrogen deficiency manifests itself in the form of yellowing and shredding of foliage and thinning of shoots. In summer, the problem can be recognized by early leaf fall, and in early spring by the formation of small buds. If the situation is not corrected in time, nitrogen starvation can cause the death of the plant.

Timing for autumn garden treatment

The end of leaf fall is considered a suitable time to treat the garden with a urea solution. Usually this is the end of October or the beginning of November. It all depends on the climatic conditions of the region.

Why is it important to spray plants without leaves? The fact is that leaves play an important role in the development of plants. If the foliage is green, this indicates that the plant is not ready for winter. Leaf plates capture the energy of the sun and convert it into organic substances. This process takes place in chloroplasts and is called photosynthesis. With the help of leaves, through evaporation, plants regulate the amount of water coming from the roots. This ensures the movement of nutrients along the trunk and branches. Gas exchange with the surrounding air occurs through the leaves. Carbon dioxide serves as a source for the synthesis of vital elements for plant development.

Forced removal of leaves in the autumn can be disastrous for fruit trees and shrubs. When spraying leaves with urea in the autumn, the possibility of losing some foliage cannot be ruled out. This reduces the resistance of trees in winter and negatively affects crop yields.

Signs of nitrogen starvation in plants

Whether or not plants have a nitrogen deficiency can be recognized by their falling off, slower growth and loss of brightness of color. Another sign is early flowering and poor harvest. Similar symptoms may occur due to a lack of water and some other nutrients. Characteristic features of nitrogen deficiency: there will be no wilting, but if there is little water and fertilizer, then it will occur during the day. The veins of older leaves will be touched first, while the natural aging process begins at the plate. If there is a lack of iron, it will begin with young leaves.

An acute shortage of urea will provoke unnaturally rapid ripening with low yields and loss of foliage. This problem is observed on podzolic soils, red and gray soils, as well as sandstones, eroded soils and lands with high acidity or alkalinity.

Preparation of urea solution for autumn treatment of garden crops

Different concentrations of the drug are used to treat trees and shrubs. This depends on the condition of the trees, namely the degree of disease infection and insect damage. In this case, the age of the tree does not matter.

To treat a garden that has not been susceptible to disease, it is enough to prepare a solution of 300 grams of urea dissolved in a bucket of water. If extensive biological damage was noticed during the growing season, the urea consumption is doubled.

Some gardeners believe that it is absolutely forbidden to treat plants with nitrogen fertilizers in the fall. After all, this can cause rapid development of shoots. That is why treatment with the drug is done on the eve of frost, which eliminates the possibility of extending the growing season. The so-called “eradicating” treatment with urea solution will have a detrimental effect on garden pests and will destroy fungal and bacterial infections.

Fruit trees that have shed approximately 70-80% of their foliage are subject to treatment. However, the urea solution in this case should be weaker and amount to about 6%.

Fertilizing fruit trees with urea

The moment for processing the garden is chosen as follows. If you notice ants in the root holes, then expect aphids to appear soon. The moment of truth comes, because this pest is capable of not only depriving you of your harvest, but also completely destroying the tree. It's time to get started:

Prepare the plants as stated earlier (digging the soil, cleaning the bark from damage and insects, whitewashing the trunk and skeletal branches).

To spray trees, choose a sunny day without wind. If it is very warm, work early in the morning or in the evening, after sunset. If there is precipitation after spraying the trees, re-treatment is required.

When spraying trees and mixing the solution, only wear protective clothing, gloves and goggles. Use a backpack sprayer with an extended tube for tall trees.

We recommend using a complex mixture - urea (700 g) with copper sulfate (50 g) and water (10 l). This will simultaneously fertilize the soil and remove pests;

There is no need to save the product; it does not harm the plants.

Secondary treatment is recommended for flowers, third – for ovaries.

During fruiting, feed the plants with an aqueous solution along the roots. Apple trees - at the rate of 230 - 250 g of urea per 10 liters of water, plums and cherries - 120...150 g. You can apply dry urea at the root, then water the tree generously.

When simultaneously adding organic matter (manure), reduce the urea rate by 1/3 or even half.

Elimination of diseases and pests, processing features

There are almost no differences in methods for eliminating insects and diseases. The peculiarity of urea is that it can act as both a fungicide and an insecticide .

Let's conduct a short educational program for those who are not yet familiar with such terms.

Fungicides are those that are used to fight diseases . These can be viruses, fungi or bacterial pathogens.

Insecticides are used to kill insects that harm plants .

Let's get acquainted with processing techniques in more detail.

How to eliminate harmful insects

Among the variety of insects that cause significant damage to fruit crops, three species can be distinguished - black or green aphids, Colorado potato beetles and various nematodes. You can get rid of them by treating the garden with urea in the fall.

Harmful insects settle not only on the surface of all parts of the plant, but also in the ground that is adjacent to it. To prepare ten liters of working solution you will need half a kilo of urea (urea). The amount of the finished drug depends on the scale of the disaster. If insects are firmly established in your area, calculate how much of the drug is needed to spray 10 m².

Practice shows that 3 liters of solution is enough to treat plum and peach trees planted in this area. The calculation includes tillage of the soil near the tree trunk in order to destroy pests that settled in the summer and for prevention.

Aphid

The insect harms young fruit trees and berry bushes. Aphids feed on cell sap. It not only devours the leaves themselves, but also releases poison, which causes the leaf blades to curl. They take the shape of a “house” and are located on the apical parts of the branches. Aphids hide in such a shelter from birds and other hunters. This allows her to maintain the population.

If an abundance of these pests was observed during the growing season, autumn treatment of the garden will help get rid of them. Next season they will not be a nuisance with their presence.

Features of application

To get the maximum effect and benefit from a fertilizer, it is important to understand how the substances included in it work. When the drug gets into the ground, it begins to interact with soil enzymes and bacteria. Ammonium carbonate is formed, and with subsequent decomposition - ammonium bicarbonate and ammonia.

Soil bacteria play a major role in decomposition processes, the activity of which begins when the earth warms up. Therefore, fertilizing in the fall, when the soil temperature drops, has less effect than applying fertilizer in the spring.

It is also taken into account that ammonia formed from ammonium carbonate upon contact with oxygen quickly evaporates from the soil, so urea granules must be embedded in the soil. The approximate depth is 7-10 cm, depending on the type of soil.

Methods for applying urea:

• when digging or planting seedlings, seedlings, sowing seeds - embedding in the soil;
• watering;
• spraying with a working solution (during nitrogen starvation, to protect against diseases and pests).

For root dressings, prepare a more saturated solution than for leaf treatments, and increase the percentage of the drug. Strictly follow the instructions for using urea in the spring, do not exceed the dosage and control the consumption of fertilizer.

Prevention and destruction of pests

How to prepare a garden for spraying with urea

A list of necessary measures that contribute to achieving the required effect. What needs to be done before the procedure for autumn treatment of the garden with urea:

• remove foliage that has formed after leaf fall . The leaves of fruit trees and shrubs are always replete with representatives of pathogenic microorganisms and insects. You cannot put such plant residues in a compost pit. They should be burned without regret to prevent infection of the entire garden;

• The soil under trees and shrubs must be thoroughly loosened and weeds removed. Phacelia green manure is used to control weeds in tree trunks. It will not only cope with this task, but will also increase soil fertility. In addition, a carpet of lilac shades under fruit crops will decorate the garden and attract bees for pollination. This technique will increase crop yields;
• carefully examine the stem part of the plant. Manually remove any pests found and damaged bark, especially in places where it has fallen away from the trunk. A huge number of insects accumulate here for the winter;
• carry out sanitary pruning. Trim broken and diseased branches. This type of pruning is recommended throughout the growing season.

Autumn nitrogen prevention. Features of the procedure

Autumn treatment of trees and shrubs with urea solution should be carried out according to the following rules:

Rules for autumn nitrogen prevention, features of the procedure

• Choose a time to work when the weather is good. Ideally, a sunny day without wind would be ideal. If it rains, the procedure should be repeated;

• For spraying, use a spray bottle. It can be purchased at the store. Some gardeners use a plastic bottle with a nozzle to spray liquid;
• strictly follow the recipe for preparing urea products. Violation of proportions can have a detrimental effect on plants;
• it must be processed in such a way as to wet both sides of the sheet plate;
• Treatment should not be carried out at ambient temperatures of -5°C or lower. The efficiency of processing in this case is reduced to zero.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f_L6mcpK8fo

Preparing trees for processing

To carry out the first treatment of fruit trees with urea, they must be prepared in early spring. At this time, the garden is checked and some preventive actions are taken:

• cut off dry, frostbitten, damaged shoots;
• loosen the soil near tree trunks;
• the bark is checked for cracks and dead areas, if necessary, cleaned with a metal brush;
• check cracks in the bark for the presence of insects; treatment with urea is carried out only after their destruction;
• using a rake, they collect dry grass, fallen leaves from last year, and other debris, because bacteria and larvae can live in such an environment.

The first spraying of fruit plants is carried out at temperatures exceeding +5°C. Processing in colder weather will not give the desired effect.

Safety precautions when working with urea

Urea belongs to the category of low-toxic substances. It does not pose any serious danger to human health. However, compliance with safety regulations when working with chemicals must also be observed with this drug:

• To prepare the working solution, use convenient containers. They should be of such a size that the liquid can be stirred without the risk of overflowing. It is recommended to use plastic or stainless steel containers;
• use sprayers specifically designed for this purpose. They can be purchased in specialized salons. This will prevent overspending and ensure that all parts of the plants are treated efficiently. You can choose a sprayer that is convenient in volume;
• carry out processing in a clear, calm period. This will help prevent the product from getting on your skin or eyes. Fill the sprayer with the solution carefully. If by chance the product gets into your eyes and mouth, you should stop working, rinse your eyes and rinse your mouth with water. Avoid ingestion of the drug;
• When treating your garden with urea, use protective equipment. These are, first of all, plastic glasses and rubber gloves, long sleeves, and a comfortable headdress.;
• When you finish work, wash your hands and face with soap. Put your clothes in the wash.

Advantages and disadvantages

Having high efficiency, urea does not contain nitrates, which means the harvest will be environmentally friendly. The use of urea during the flowering period for adult plants leads to a decrease in yield. To avoid harming the plants, read the instructions.

Advantages:

• high solubility;
• universal in use - spraying and root feeding;
• can be used with any type of soil;
• moist, warm soil increases the nutritional effect.

Flaws:

• increases the acidity of the earth, it is necessary to use deoxidizers, for example, dolomite flour;
• excess of the drug leads to inhibition of seeds, germination decreases;
• storage conditions – closed container, dry room;
• careful use with other nitrogen-containing fertilizers to prevent excess concentration of this substance.

Reviews and advice

Alexander. City of Rostov.

Every year, garden trees are attacked by insects, and aphids or scale insects appear. The harvest, of course, can be saved, but such a hassle happens every year. I was looking for an effective treatment method to rid the garden of pests for a long time. I'm not a fan of treating trees with chemicals. I always try to make do with herbal infusions. But this fall I watched my neighbor spray his plantations. We got to talking and it turned out he was using a urea solution. Sergei convinced me that this is an organic fertilizer with mineral components. I decided to take advantage of his experience. Sprayed all the fruit plantings - berry bushes and apple trees. In the spring I observed such abundant flowering as I had never seen before. The harvest pleased me with the quantity and appearance of the fruit. The insects did not disappear at all, but there were significantly fewer of them. I adopted this technique. I will do the treatment every fall. This saves time and increases the fertility of the garden.

Alevtina. City of Kazan.

I grow black currants at my summer cottage. This is our favorite berry. The taste and benefits are excellent. But diseases do not leave the bush alone. Powdery mildew is especially worrying. The disease appears every year. The berries have not yet been harvested and cannot be treated with chemicals. I spend a lot of time trying to somehow reduce the spread of the disease. I tried spraying it with a urea solution before winter. I got the information from the Internet. True, I only tried it on one bush, and regretted that I had not sprayed all the plantings. When processing, you must remember that it should be carried out only after leaf fall. This will not harm the bush. If you spray on green leaves, they curl and fall off. Such plants may not survive wintering.

Urea - application of fertilizer in spring

In the spring, the use of urea to prepare beds in the garden and in greenhouse conditions is necessary, especially on depleted soils. When adding dry granules to the soil, they are usually buried into the ground to a depth of at least 8-10 cm. It is better to apply the drug into moist soil for easier digestibility.

Spraying with urea in spring - video

Also, to improve soil fertility and feed planted plants in the spring, a urea solution is prepared, which is used to water the crops at the roots. You can also use a urea solution to treat perennials against insect pests - the principle is described above.

Urea (carbamide) - how to use correctly, dosage

In order for a plant to develop and bear fruit, it is important to maintain a balance of oxygen, carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen. Not every soil is saturated with the required amount of nitrogen; fertilizers help solve this problem. Urea (urea) is widely used among gardeners and gardeners as an effective universal nitrogen fertilizer. When used correctly and in doses for a particular crop, the plant responds with good growth and development, as well as abundant fruiting. These instructions for use will help you.

Soil application technique

In order to add urea to the soil in the garden in the fall, you need to:

1. Choose the right time. Fertilizer can be applied to the soil strictly in the morning or evening. It is better to do this in dry and windless weather.
2. Loosen the soil.
3. Apply the solution at the root of a tree or bush.
4. Loosen the soil around the trunk again.

To apply urea for garden treatment in the fall, the recommended temperature is from +4 to +6°C. If it rains after applying the fertilizer, the procedure must be repeated, otherwise it will be ineffective. You can also apply fertilizer in dry form. But in this case, the granules should be covered with a layer of soil, since ammonia tends to evaporate in the open air.

Garden preparation

When deciding when to spray trees with urea in the spring, you need to know the rules for preparing a garden plot for treatment.

1. The first spring work begins after the snow melts.
2. First, all trees and bushes must be inspected to determine how they overwintered.
3. Then cut off all dry and broken branches, clean the bark from obsolete layers.
4. Inspect each trunk to make sure that there are no bark beetles or other harmful insects there.
5. The fallen leaves remaining from the fall must be removed from the trunks and taken out of the garden.
6. Be sure to dig up the soil around the tree.

After the preparatory work, you can begin diluting the urea. It is necessary to start spraying trees at a temperature not lower than +5 0 C.

Why is the treatment carried out?

Treatment of the garden with urea in the fall is carried out for the following purposes:

• beneficial effects on different types of plant crops;
• increasing productivity;
• increasing the amount of protein in cereals;
• prevention of garden diseases;
• prevention and elimination of pests - aphids, copperheads, weevils and flower beetles;
• strengthens the immune system and increases resistance to temperature changes and precipitation;
• helps the plant to acclimatize faster after picking or transplanting.

Many gardeners recommend using urea for weakened and depressed plants: this promotes their rapid recovery, the result is noticeable within a few days.

On a note! Urea is suitable for almost any type of plant, but it is not recommended to use it during budding or flowering. This is due to the fact that fertilizing can inhibit further growth of the plant and reduce the amount of future harvest.

The use of urea promotes the formation of lush greenery, good flowering, healthy appearance and large flowers. It is recommended to use it when the plant looks depressed, is out of size, crumbles or turns yellow. It is recommended to treat trees or flowers in the fall after a cold or long winter.

How to correctly determine the dose of urea

In recommendations for the use of fertilizer, manufacturers indicate how many grams should be applied per 1 square meter of area. True, it is not always convenient to measure in grams, especially since scales in the garden are not always at hand. Therefore, it is better to measure the amount of fertilizer using improvised means; it is much more convenient and no less accurate.

• 1 tablespoon = 10 grams of urea;
• 1 matchbox (without top) = 13 g of fertilizer;
• 200 gram glass = 130 g of urea.

Application of urea for ornamental crops

The properties of urea make it possible to use it as a flower food. The exceptions are:

• bulbous (lilies, hyacinths, daylilies, tulips),
• nasturtiums,
• marigold,
• asters.

For the rest, fertilizing is recommended for the rapid growth of green mass and the formation of immunity against diseases.

The soil is fertilized for the first time 2 weeks before planting ornamental plants. The second time - during the formation of buds (with complex fertilizers). It is recommended to use a regimen of 3 g of urea per 1 liter of water.

To feed hanging plants, flower growers advise using complex combination preparations containing equal amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, feeding the flowers daily with a weak solution.

In this case, flowering will be abundant and long-lasting. If the plant receives excess nitrogen during the budding period, it will accumulate green mass, but flowering will be weak (or there will be no flowering at all).

Foliar feeding by spraying leaves is effective.

Why spraying is necessary in early spring

Biologists and agronomists identify several reasons why garden treatment with urea and copper sulfate should be carried out in early spring:

1. In the garden, the need for nitrogen in trees arises at the very beginning of the growing season and continues until mid-summer. But the soil has not yet warmed up in early spring and the natural processes of microbiological formation of nitrates in it are suppressed. Therefore, spraying with nitrogen fertilizer to replenish nitrogen reserves is necessary during this period.
2. Spraying the garden with urea helps get rid of many pests that overwinter in the bark - aphids, apple red mites, moths, flower beetles, glass beetles, leaf rollers and others. To do this, use a concentrated solution of urea - at least 700 g per bucket of water. Before the leaves bloom, this concentration is completely safe for the tree.
3. With the onset of heat, fungal diseases of fruit trees become more active - powdery mildew, scab, moniliosis and others. These diseases are easier to prevent than to treat a weakened tree. Early spring spraying with a five percent solution of copper sulfate will help suppress fungal spores.

Such high concentrations of copper sulfate and urea for trees can be used only before the leaves appear.

You can spray the garden with a solution of copper sulfate only before the buds open to avoid burns. After the beginning of the growing season, use Bordeaux mixture.

Advantages of the drug

Let's talk about the advantages:

1. Urea begins to act almost immediately after treatment and remains for a long time.
2. It is used both in open ground and in buildings protected from precipitation, such as a greenhouse.
3. Can be used throughout the year. Naturally, except for winter. Violating the proposed recipe will not lead to dire consequences, but may affect the quality of processing.
4. The ability of the drug to delay the growing season indicates a clear advantage of the drug. Spraying trees with urea in the spring before buds open helps the plant survive the threat of late frosts.
5. Correctly performed spring treatment of fruit trees with granulated urea increases the yield of any crop.

Advice! To remove old stumps, dilute a highly concentrated mixture and treat. This technique will speed up the process of tissue decomposition.