Rossoshanskaya pear Late, Early, Beautiful (Krasavitsa), Dessert

Dessert pear Rossoshanskaya is one of the varieties bred by the RZOSS organization. She is engaged in the development of new agricultural crops and scientific research in the field of fruit tree breeding. Among the line of Rossoshanskaya pears there are species with different ripening periods. This is convenient for gardeners who want to select a beautiful pear for their plot, taking into account a certain fruiting period.

Description of Rossoshanskaya pear

The line of varieties was bred at the experimental station in Rossoshi by Russian breeders. The first pear in the series was Dessert. It was launched in 1952. Then other varieties with different characteristics began to appear.

The description should start with the appearance of the Dessert Rossoshanskaya pear variety. The height of an adult plant is from 3 to 8 m, depending on the variety. The crown is pyramidal or oval. The leaves are green and turn yellow-orange in autumn. Rossoshanskaya blooms in May, harvesting begins in August. The fruits form a round or elongated shape. Rossoshanskie pears are good fresh. The preparations also have excellent taste. This makes it possible to consider the varieties to be universal in use. The tasting score varies between 4.4-4.7 points. The main taste noted in the varieties is sweet and sour. The fruits do not fall off and stay firmly on the branches. The Rossoshanskaya variety is highly transportable; shelf life depends on the variety. The average duration is 1 month.

Rossoshanskaya attracts with its characteristics - winter hardiness, productivity, disease resistance, and unpretentiousness to growing conditions. It begins to bear fruit from 7-8 years after planting the seedling. The cultivar can withstand frosts down to -32 °C, and has average drought resistance. If the tree does not have enough moisture, the fruits become smaller. May be affected by septoria. Varietal variations of the Rossoshanskaya pear allow gardeners to choose the variety that fully meets their needs. Visual video about the variety:

Advantages and disadvantages

Speaking about the pros and cons of this or that variety of winter pears, it is enough to go through each variety described above separately.

1. Pervomayskaya . Its advantage is that the harvest can be stored for a long time; the plant is resistant to frost and many infectious and fungal diseases. The disadvantage is that the fruit has a slight astringency.
2. Rossoshanskaya late . Among the advantages of this variety, it is worth noting the high quality of the harvest and resistance to low temperatures. But among the disadvantages - it produces crops periodically, and not every year, there is a high susceptibility to fungal infections, it does not tolerate excessive humidity and waterlogging.
3. Among its advantages the Belarusian late notes early ripening and the ability to store fruits for a long time, and high resistance to low temperatures. Among the disadvantages is that the harvest is periodic and there is a high susceptibility to infectious diseases.
4. Otradnenskaya's advantages include resistance to low temperatures and high yields; the fruits can be stored for quite a long time. But among the disadvantages - the taste of the fruit is weak and there is no characteristic aroma or juiciness.
5. Cheremshina is marked by a virtual absence of disadvantages, but it can add such advantages as high yield and resistance to diseases and low temperatures. The fruit of this variety is tasty and aromatic, juicy and can be stored for a long time.
6. Admiral Gervais for its excellent taste, pronounced aroma, and high yield. Among the disadvantages is that it is often affected by bacterial infection.
7. Bere Ardanpon among the disadvantages is noted for its high demands on soil composition and temperature, as well as a high degree of susceptibility to infectious diseases. Among the advantages , it is worth highlighting the excellent taste characteristics of this variety, a good, abundant harvest, large and aromatic fruits and the ability to be stored for a long time.

Dessert

Hybrid pear variety Rossoshanskaya, included in the State Register since 1965.

It shows the best results when grown in the Central Black Earth, North Caucasus or Central regions. The cultivar belongs to the medium-sized category; during development it forms a round or slightly pyramidal crown. The degree of thickening is defined as medium. The trunk is covered with gray bark; on the shoots the color turns brown. Forms flattened fruits, weighing 180-190 g each. The pulp is very juicy, slightly dense, beige in color. Sweet and sour pears were given a tasting rating of 4.5 points by specialists. The fruits of the Rossoshanskaya cultivar are covered with light yellow skin, on the surface of which there is a crimson blush.

Dessert pear Rossoshanskaya has good transportability and shelf life. Does not lose taste and commercial qualities for 100-145 days. Among the important characteristics, gardeners note the high winter hardiness of the varietal hybrid. At temperatures within -38 °C, freezing is recorded at 1.7 points. The tree is also drought tolerant.

Grafted pear shoots begin to produce crops in the 5th year. The species is highly resistant to scab, but it can be affected by copperhead and septoria. The variety is completely undemanding to soil and climatic conditions. However, in order to get maximum yield, it is better to plant Rossoshanskaya pear seedlings on well-drained and fertile soil.

Important! The variety does not tolerate stagnant moisture or severe waterlogging.

The fruits are used in any quality, good fresh and in the form of preparations.

Winter varieties

Among the winter varieties of pears , I would like to highlight the following:

1. Pervomayskaya . The presented variety bears fruit for 4-5 years, is noted for high yield rates - the fruits are harvested in the 3rd decade of September. The fruits are large, reaching a weight of 200-220 grams, as a rule, they are green in color in summer and with a yellowish tint in autumn. It can be stored for up to 250 days, taking into account the rules of observing temperatures - the pulp is creamy, rich in aroma and somewhat tart aftertaste.
2. Rossoshanskaya late . The tree produces a harvest for 5-6 years, bearing fruit abundantly - the fruits of this variety are large, reaching a weight of 300-350 grams, are green in color and acquire a yellowish tint when ripe. It can be stored for 3-4 months, the pulp is creamy, juicy and pleasant to the taste.
3. Belorussian late - gives the first harvest in 3-4 years, when it is harvested in September-October. The harvest is abundant, but not annual, when the fruit can reach a weight of 100-120 grams, green in color, changing color when ripe to bright orange. The pulp is white, the taste is sweetish, with sourness, the fruits can be stored until February–March.

Early

To breed the Early pear, breeders used seedlings of the Mramornaya variety, with excellent taste, but poor frost resistance, and Rossoshanskaya Krasivaya, with high yield and winter hardiness. Variety testing has been carried out since 1995.

The tree has quite a strong growth force, while the crown of the variety is not thickened. The mature height is about 7 m, the crown width is up to 5 m. The shoots are weakly branched. The bark on the trunk is dark gray. The foliage is green, harmonious ovoid in shape. The inflorescences are umbellate, the flowers are white. Begins to bear fruit at the age of 8. The fruit harvesting period is August and is considered a summer variety.

The fruits are medium-sized, elongated, the weight of one pear ranges from 250 g to 350 g. The skin of the fruit is smooth, golden-yellow in color with a beautiful red-orange blush. The surface of the skin is covered with dots. The tasting score of Rossoshanskaya summer pear is 4.7 points. The pulp is tender, slightly oily, juicy. The taste of pear is sweet and sour, the aroma is pleasant, but not too pronounced. Fruiting is regular, pears do not fall off the branches.

Low temperatures do not pose a danger to the early Rossoshanskaya pear. The plant overwinters without much damage down to -30 °C. Sudden autumn cold snaps or spring frosts are undesirable for the variety. Shows good resistance to scab.

Harvest and storage

Rossoshanskaya pear is an early variety when the fruits fully ripen in early September. They should be picked slightly unripe; pears acquire their full ripeness and beautiful yellow hue already during storage. It is better to remove the fruits by hand, along with the stalks and trying not to damage them.

The fruits of the variety are quite strong, transport well and can be stored in a cool room for up to 80 days . For storage, wooden or plastic containers are used, the bottom of which is covered with paper. Next, 3-4 layers of pears are laid, covering them with sheets of paper or wood shavings.

Rossoshanskaya pear is an excellent choice for both home gardens and industrial planting. It will certainly pleasantly please you with its durability, unpretentiousness, and most importantly, delicious and aromatic autumn fruits.

Late

The pear variety Rossoshanskaya Pozdnyaya is recognized by gardeners as the best winter species.

A tree with a rounded crown, medium-sized, the height of an adult pear is 5-6 m. The late one is distinguished by large fruits, the weight of one varies from 250 g to 350 g. The cover is yellow, when the sun hits the fruit, a red blush appears on the sides. Unlike the previous variety of the variety, the Rossoshanskaya Late pear has a pronounced aroma. Harvesting takes place from mid-September. If pears are left on the tree longer, they pick up more sugar. But at the same time, the time for quality storage of fruits is reduced.

Tolerates winter frosts well. When the temperature drops to -32 °C, the freezing parameter is fixed at 1.5 points.

Beautiful (Beauty)

The parent material for the Rossoshanskaya Krasivaya pear variety was Klapp's Lyubimitsa (unpretentious, disease-resistant) and Tonkovetka Mlievskaya (frost-resistant). Since 1986 it has been in the State Register. Rossoshanskaya Krasivaya pear is considered the most productive variety of the cultivar series.

The species is vigorous with a pyramidal sparse crown. In adulthood it reaches 6 m. The bark of the pear is dark gray, but on the skeletal branches it is already brown. The fruits of the Rossoshanskaya Krasavitsa pear are medium, the weight of one is about 120 g. The shape is elongated, classic pear-shaped. The skin is not hard, smooth. The main surface color of the fruit is white-yellow with green dots and pink sides. The pulp is juicy, sweet and sour, taste rating is 4 points. The variety tolerates transportation and storage well. Fruiting begins 6-7 years after planting.

List of important characteristics that cannot be ignored:

1. The yield is good and also stable. One mature tree produces up to 80 kg of ripe pears annually.
2. Partial self-fertility. When planting pollinators with the same ripening period, the yield increases significantly.
3. Disease resistance. Average immunity to scab is noted; the variety suffers from other diseases extremely rarely.
4. Convenient ripening period for Rossoshanskaya Krasivaya pear. The fruits ripen in the second ten days of August, so the variety is considered a late summer variety.
5. High winter hardiness. Withstands frost down to -34 °C, with a frost rating of 1.3 points.

It is also necessary to note the disadvantages of the Rossoshanskaya Beauty, so that the picture is complete - the fruits become smaller during drought, the flowers fall off when the temperature drops to - 2 ° C.

Diseases and pests

The variety is highly resistant to diseases. In the south of Voronezh, no defeats https://selo.guru/ptitsa/bolezni-p/gribkovye/parsha.html were observed. In the Oryol region there were minor lesions equal to moderate severity.

Septoria disease is observed only in epiphytotic years. The variety does not require mandatory preventive treatments. Few are affected by pests.

Conclusion. The Rossoshanskaya Krasivaya pear variety has universal use. It is used in conservation, cooking and fresh. Pears are medium in size, weighing between 115 and 120 grams.

They are endowed with a regular classic shape with smooth elongated edges. The variety is partially self-fertile and has high productivity. Up to 250 centners of pears are harvested from one hectare.

The varieties Osennyaya Yakovleva, Krasulya, Lada, Lyubimitsa Yakovleva, Detskaya and Dekabrinka also demonstrate good yields.

Watch the video in which you will see the fruits of the Rossoshanskaya Beautiful pear.

Characteristics of the variety series

Apart from minor differences, the line of varieties has common characteristics that are important to mention.

Drought resistance, frost resistance

Frost resistance is high. The varieties can withstand temperatures down to -34 °C with a slight degree of freezing (1.3 points).

The drought resistance indicator of Rossoshanskaya pear varieties is determined as average. The tree can withstand the absence of moisture for a short time without consequences. A longer dry period will lead to smaller fruits and deterioration in presentation.

Pollinators

Rossoshanskaya pear is a partially self-fertile variety. Therefore, to increase productivity, gardeners plant pollinating varieties with an identical ripening period. The most worthy are Tatyana, Severyanka, Mramornaya, Abbot, Otradnenskaya, Osennyaya Yakovleva, Kosmicheskaya, Bergamot.

Important! The ripening period of the pollinator should coincide with the fruiting of Rossoshanskaya.

Information on the ripening period of fruits of the variety series will help you choose the right varieties for pollination:

1. The early one ripens, starting in the second ten days of August. The collected fruits are stored for a month.
2. Beautiful - collection begins August 15-20. The fruits retain their quality for up to 30 days.
3. Dessert - the first ten days of September. Storage duration is about 80 days.
4. Late - the last week of September, the fruits lie under appropriate conditions until January.

To store the crop, choose a cool, dry room.

Productivity

Fruit varieties of Rossoshanskaya are distinguished by fixed fruiting. The first harvest is harvested 5-7 years after planting the seedling. The most productive period of a pear’s life with maximum results is 11-15 years. The number of fruits collected mainly depends on the species category. For example, with:

• Dessert and Early are usually collected 70 kg from one tree;
• Late – only up to 30 kg;
• Beauties - maximum 80 kg.

The numbers may change quite a bit in both directions. This is due to different growing conditions.

Application area

The variety refers to pears of universal use. Regardless of the ripening period, everyone likes fresh fruits. In addition, they make excellent jams, preserves and compotes. Rossoshanskaya is not damaged after transportation and can be stored without losing its presentation and taste.

Advantages and disadvantages

Among the advantages of Rossoshanskaya pear varieties, gardeners highlight:

1. Beautiful external and marketable appearance of the fruit, which lasts for quite a long time.
2. Pleasant taste, delicate aroma.
3. Precociousness.
4. Stable yield, independent of external conditions.
5. Universal application.
6. Disease resistance.
7. High winter hardiness.

The disadvantages of the Rossoshanskaya pear are the need for pollinators and intolerance to spring frosts.

Description of the plant and its characteristics

The variety was obtained in 1952 at the Rossoshan experimental station near Voronezh. The parent varieties of the new variety were Bere winter Michurina and Forest Beauty. After another 16 years, all state tests were successfully completed and the variety was transferred for use in the national economy. The main growing areas for Rossoshan steel are the North Caucasus, Central regions and Southern Black Earth Region.

The Rossoshanskaya dessert pear variety is interesting not only for the attractive appearance of the fruit, but also for its wonderful taste, which will satisfy the demands of even the most demanding gourmets

Botanical description of Rossoshanskaya:

• tree - medium and vigorous, up to a maximum of 15 m;
• crown - pyramidal, not thickened, wide;
• bark - dark brown with a grayish tint;
• branches - strong, straight, light brown;
• leaves - green, medium, oval, smooth;
• flowers - self-sterile, white, double, pink edging;
• fruits are yellow-green with rusty dots, often with a pink blush, apple-shaped, weight 140–170 g (up to 200 g);
• pulp - homogeneous, juicy, sweet, aromatic;
• peel - thin, dense;
• Fruiting - 5-6 years from planting;
• yield - up to 70 kg per tree, 120–300 centners per 1 ha;
• frost resistance - good;
• the purpose of the variety is universal;
• Ripening time is early September.

Rossoshanskaya is especially widespread in industrial gardening. This was facilitated by its resistance to cold, stable excellent yield and resistance to typical pear diseases - scab and septoria.

Important! The leaves on pear shoots grow strictly at an angle of 135°, which allows them to receive the maximum amount of sunlight and heat.

Pros and cons of the variety

• early onset of fruiting;
• high yields of dessert pears;
• excellent taste;
• excellent presentation of the fruit;
• frost resistance and unpretentiousness to soil and care;
• good transportability and long-term storage;
• resistance to pests and diseases of fruit trees;
• high sugar content.

The only disadvantages of the variety include the need for pollinators and regular pruning to thin out the crown. In addition, in the northern regions there is a decrease in the level of frost resistance.

Video: Rossoshanskaya pear variety

Productivity

The tree brings its first harvest already in the 5-6th year after planting in a permanent place. The variety is characterized by stable high yields, in which up to 70 kg of fruit can be harvested from one mature pear per season. And 1 hectare of Rossoshanskaya pear orchard will yield 120–300 centners of fragrant fruits per year.

The fruits have a universal scope of application: compote, preserves, jelly, jam, baked goods. Also has high commercial characteristics

Pollinators

The variety is partially self-fertile, so to get a good harvest you need pollinating trees nearby that bloom at the same time as Rossoshanskaya. Suitable neighbors will be pears Rogneda, Severyanka, Osennyaya Yakovleva, Mramornaya, Chizhovskaya, Tatyana, Otradnenskaya and others.

Landing rules

Like any cultivar, the Rossoshanskaya pear has its own characteristics and nuances of agricultural technology. Planting is an important stage in the life of a tree. Its further growth and development depends on how correctly the seedling is placed in the ground. The planting algorithm also includes preparatory measures - choosing a time, a site, preparing the soil. Each stage requires careful adherence to the rules.

Recommended timing

Late autumn (after the end of leaf fall) is ideal for planting Rossoshanskaya pear seedlings in the southern region. The seedling only needs 3 weeks before the onset of cold weather to take root. The best time is before October 15th. For areas with a cool climate, spring planting is preferable - at the end of April.

Site selection and soil preparation

For good tree development, you need to select a sunny area without gusts of wind and drafts.

Soil requirements:

• allows moisture and air to pass through well;
• loose and nutritious;
• the groundwater level is no closer than 3 m to the surface;
• acidity level – neutral or slightly acidic.

If there is no place on the site that meets the listed parameters, the soil is further structured and prepared for planting. In the fall, the soil is dug up and organic matter is added (30 kg per 1 sq. m of area).

Selection and preparation of seedlings

It is recommended to purchase Rossoshanskaya pear seedlings from trusted suppliers or certified nurseries. It doesn’t matter what kind of root system they have, closed or open. Age: two years old. Parameters to pay attention to:

1. No mechanical damage to the trunk bark or branches.
2. The seedling should have 7-8 developed shoots.
3. The length of the main root is 10-15 cm, the roots are clean, without signs of rotting or deterioration.

If the root system is open, measures should be taken to ensure comfortable transportation of the seedling.

Landing algorithm

In the area selected for planting, perform the following actions:

1. A pit is formed with a diameter of 60 cm and a depth of 50 cm.

2. Prepare soil from 30 kg of compost, 180 g of potassium salt and 400 g of superphosphate.
3. Fill the pear hole halfway with the substrate and tamp it lightly.
4. A mound is formed from the remaining soil in the middle of the pit.
5. Place a seedling on it and straighten the roots.

6. Cover with soil, compact, and water generously.
7. Mulching. To do this, lay a layer of humus around the entire circle around the trunk.

Now all that remains is to comply with the care requirements.

Use of fruits

There are no greater connoisseurs of the taste of pear fruits in the world than the French. In their national cuisine there are countless simple and complex dishes made from this fruit. They also know best how to eat it with the greatest benefit and pleasure. Here are the recommendations they believe should be followed:

• only juicy and sweet fruits belonging to dessert varieties are eaten fresh (hard industrial varieties in their raw form can cause indigestion, it is better to bake them);
• dessert pears are not peeled, since the skin contains the most fiber;
• pears are not eaten immediately after a meal or on an empty stomach: the rules require waiting 30-40 minutes between meals;
• the useful volume of pear fruits is 2 pieces at one time, or 1 pear + 1 apple, or 1 pear + 3 plums;
• Like other sweet fruits, pears should not be washed down with carbonated drinks or go straight to fatty meat dishes;
• People with exacerbation of gastritis or peptic ulcer disease, as well as those suffering from constipation, will have to refuse pears;
• the low calorie content of pears makes them the preferred fruit for those who want to lose weight; It is effective to carry out “pear” fasting days, when 1-2 kg of pears are eaten in three doses;
• people over 40 will benefit from the vitamin set of these fruits and the folic acid they contain;
• the invigorating and tonic effect of pears begins with the perception of their aroma, which is why it is advisable to eat pears grown in your region, and not imported goods (treated with preservatives for long-distance transportation).

Aftercare

At first, the Rossoshanskaya pear seedling needs to be watered once a week. In the future, it is enough to water before and after flowering. One tree requires 30-40 liters of water. During dry periods, additional watering will be required. After watering, the soil is loosened and mulched. Be sure to water the tree before wintering.

If the soil was prepared correctly before planting, the applied fertilizers will last for 2 years. Then 3-4 feedings are required during the growing season. In early spring, Rossoshanskaya pear is fed with nitrogen fertilizers. A urea solution or mullein infusion is suitable. When the tree has finished blooming, pour it with a solution of Nitroammofoska (according to the instructions). When the period of fruit ripening begins, pears need phosphorus and potassium. Now prepare a solution of 10 liters of water, 40 g of superphosphate and potassium salt. Such fertilizing will have to be repeated in mid-September to restore the tree after fruiting. You can replace minerals with bone meal or ash.

Be sure to prune pear trees in spring before sap flow begins.

It is necessary for the correct formation of the crown and the removal of dry or frozen parts after winter. You can do pruning in the fall. The first pruning is done after planting. The central conductor is shortened by ¼ of the length, the skeletal branches are left, the rest are removed.

Gardeners whitewash pear bark. This procedure is scheduled for November or early March. Whitewashing protects the tree from spring sunburn and temperature changes. The whitewash composition also destroys the larvae of pests overwintering on the trunk.

Important! A solution with a less concentrated composition is prepared for seedlings.

Preparing pears for winter consists of:

• abundant watering to protect the roots from frost;
• hilling the trunk with earth and mulching with humus;
• protecting the trunk with a net from rodents.

Young seedlings are additionally protected from the cold. A frame is installed on which agrofibre is stretched and covered with spruce branches. Plastic film is not suitable for covering a pear. It does not allow air and moisture to pass through.

Pests and diseases

The Rossoshanskaya series can be affected by scab. If the pear is sick, use the drugs Horus, Strobi, Skor with a regularity of 2 weeks. To prevent the disease, it is necessary to promptly remove fallen leaves from the garden and do pruning.

To protect the pear from pests, it is necessary to regularly dig and weed the soil. Also use whitewashing compounds. When pests appear, insecticides are used (Decis, Iskra).

The main methods of prevention are adherence to agricultural techniques and careful inspection of the pear.

Possible problems during cultivation

Usually, if gardeners follow all the rules when planting and further caring for the Rossoshanskaya Krasivaya pear, then there are no problems when growing this fruit tree.

But novice summer residents should remember some nuances, due to which a pear of this variety may grow, develop and bear fruit worse:

• wrong planting location - on too alkaline soil or in the shade, where the tree will not develop well;
• young trees are not covered for the winter, they are not protected from rodents, as a result they can freeze or be damaged;
• with insufficient watering during the summer season, the fruits will become smaller, which will lead to a decrease in yield and a deterioration in the taste of the fruit.

It is also important to carry out preventive tree treatments in spring and autumn to eliminate the risk of scab or pests.

In spring and autumn, it is important to carry out preventive treatment of trees against diseases