Cherry Precious Carmine: description and characteristics of the variety, planting and care, propagation

Cherry Precious carmine (Carmine Jewel) is a popular large-fruited variety from Canadian breeders. It was bred for cultivation in regions with a continental climate - hot summers and cold, harsh winters. Precious carmine is not included in the State Register of Russia, but this did not prevent it from gaining wide popularity among gardeners. Compact size, excellent resistance to diseases and weather changes, and consistently high yields have allowed the Carmine Jewel cherry to take pride of place in Russian orchards.

Description of cherry

Before purchasing a seedling, you need to study the characteristics and description of the cherry as carefully as possible.

Cherry sizes

Cherry Precious Carmine (prunus Carmine Jewel) is a dwarf cherry, growing no more than 2 m in height. The crown is compact, medium spreading. The foliage is average.

Fruiting

Carmine Jewel begins to bear fruit in the third year after planting the seedling.

Flowering period and pollinators

Flowering is abundant; in spring the entire tree is covered with white fragrant flowers. The tree blooms in early May.

Ripening time and berry picking

The harvest ripening period is late, mass ripening occurs towards the end of July. Ripening is uneven and lasts until the end of August.

Productivity and application of berries

The yield is plentiful; up to 7 kg of berries can be collected from a bush. Ripe fruits are large, weighing up to 4 g. The skin is a rich burgundy shade, the flesh is dark red, juicy. The taste of the berries is sweet and sour. You can use cherries to prepare preserves for the winter and for baking.

Advantages of the variety

Cherry Nord Star

Carmen Jewel cherry is endowed with a lot of positive properties:

fruiting already in the third year of life;
resistance to dry weather, pests and diseases;
high yield rates;
colossal frost resistance;
long period of preservation of the marketable appearance of the fruit (bright carmine shade);
an adult tree has a small height, which allows for quick and high-quality harvesting - this is a key varietal feature;
Unlike other varieties, for example, Evans Bali cherries, Carmine Jewel cherries are endowed with a very sweet taste;
planting one tree is possible due to the self-fertility of the variety.

Rich harvest of Carmine Jewel cherries

Growing the precious Carmine cherry will be crowned with success with proper care and provision of appropriate comfortable conditions for successful growth and development. That is why almost every conscientious summer resident can set himself the goal of growing such an interesting and tasty variety.

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Characteristics of culture

In addition to describing the tree, you need to study other characteristics of the culture.

Drought resistance, winter hardiness

The variety has good frost resistance; the tree tolerates frosts down to -40 degrees. Normally tolerates short-term drought.

Immunity to diseases and pests

The Precious Carmine variety is highly resistant to fruit tree diseases and pests.

Cherry Carmine Jewel, features of the variety, what are the attractiveness and disadvantages

Today there are more than one hundred and thirty varieties of cherries. Sandy, ordinary, steppe, tomentose, it seems, is quite enough for choosing a variety with the most delicious fruits and one that is resistant to diseases.

New types of varieties appear with constant regularity. Their characteristics meet the constantly updated needs of gardeners. One of the most interesting, the fruits of which have an unusual taste, is the Carmine Jewel cherry.

The article will tell you about the Carmine Jewel cherry variety, where to buy it, how to plant a seedling correctly, and the advantages and disadvantages of this type of cherry.

Description of the variety
Landing rules
Advantages and disadvantages of the variety

Landing rules

Precious Carmine is a new variety of cherry, it is not easy to find it for preparing cuttings that can be grafted. It is easier to buy a plant at a nursery. This variety can be planted in regions where in the middle of summer there are nighttime temperature changes - hot during the day and cool at night.

Due to temperature changes, fruits accumulate sugar. In regions where there are no differences, the berries may remain sour.

Loamy soils are suitable for the plant. When planting plants in rows, the distance between trees in a row should be at least one meter, and between rows - one hundred and fifty centimeters. The row spacing is expanded to five meters if it is planned to harvest the crop with special combines.

To properly plant a seedling you need:

Thoroughly fertilize the soil before planting the plant. The pits are prepared 14 days before planting the trees. Fertilizers are poured into them and left, then trees are planted;
if the root system of the seedling is closed, the hole should be of a standard size: one hundred centimeters deep and one hundred centimeters in diameter. The soil will be loose, which will allow the roots to develop quickly and efficiently;
the seedling is transferred into a hole, covered with soil mixed with fertilizers, and pressed down;
Having filled the hole, a side is formed from the earth, which will prevent the water from spreading and keep it inside the tree trunk circle;
sprinkle with peat, a layer of mown grass or rotted manure.

After planting, the tree needs to be watered once every seven days. You can do it every other day, if possible. You need to pour at least a bucket of water under each plant. Water sufficiency is of great importance after planting in the first three years.

Features of planting work

Before planting a seedling, you need to decide on the timing of planting and choose a location. If you follow all the rules of agricultural technology, you will be able to achieve abundant and early fruiting.

Deadlines

Cherry seedlings are planted in spring and autumn. Autumn plantings are more suitable for southern regions where winters are warm, during which time the trees have time to take root in a new location.

If you live in a temperate climate, it is better to postpone planting to spring. The optimal time for the procedure is the second half of April. But it is better to focus on climatic conditions. If the soil has not yet warmed up by April, it is advisable to postpone planting to May.

Choosing the optimal location

Open sunny areas protected from cold winds are best suited for planting cherries. It is best if these are southern or western slopes near the walls of houses. It is undesirable to have spreading trees growing nearby that will create shade.

What to plant next door?

In order for all the crops on the site to bear fruit abundantly, you need to study which trees the cherry will be most suitable for next to.

What can be planted next to cherries:

plum;
cherries;
hawthorn;
cherry;
cherry plum;
quince;
barberry;
blueberries;
viburnum;
dogwood;
sea buckthorn.

It is undesirable to plant pear, apple and walnut trees nearby. These crops do not combine well with cherries.

But nothing bad will happen if there is no other place and the crop has to be planted next to these trees.

Selection and preparation of planting material

It is best to purchase seedlings from specialized nurseries where they are specially grown. For planting, it is better to choose annual seedlings. When examining the specimen, you need to find the budding - usually it is located 10-15 cm above the root collar. At this point the trunk grows slightly to the side. If this sign is not present, then it is not a varietal seedling, but a seedling.

The height of the seedling should be 80-90 cm. There should be no more than eight shoots. Length from 15 to 20 cm. The root system should be well developed. The roots do not crunch or break when bent, just like the branches.

Before planting, the root system is soaked in a growth activator for several hours. Immediately before planting, the rhizome is dipped into a liquid clay solution and immediately planted before the clay has time to dry.

Landing technology

The soil for planting is prepared several weeks in advance. The soil is dug up, weeds are pulled out and rotted manure is added.

The process of planting cherry seedlings:

Dig a hole.
The width of the pit is 80 cm, the depth is 90 cm.
Place drainage at the bottom.
Drive a stake into the center of the hole.
Plant a seedling.
Fill the hole with soil and tie the trunk to a stake.

Finish planting with abundant watering with warm water. If you plan to plant several trees nearby, leave a distance of 3-4 m between them. The same distance is left if other fruit trees or shrubs are already growing next to the seedling.

How to care for cherries

By providing care for cherries, the tree’s yield can be increased significantly.

Watering and fertilizing

The first watering is carried out immediately after planting the seedling in open ground. It is then irrigated 3-4 times a week. If it rains frequently, reduce the amount of moisture. An adult tree is watered in the spring 3-4 times a week. During the fruiting period, the amount of irrigation is reduced. 1-2 waterings per week are enough. Warm water is always used for irrigation. One tree should require about 50 liters of water.

In the first half of the season, nitrogen-containing fertilizers are applied to the soil. Such fertilizing stimulates the growth of leaf mass. During the formation of ovaries, cherries need phosphorus and potassium. Along with mineral fertilizers, rotted manure and bird droppings are added to the soil, and the soil is sprinkled with wood ash before watering.

Pruning and crown formation

The formation of the crown is carried out immediately after the seedling has been planted in a permanent place. The top is cut off and 5 large branches are left on the seedling.

The next year, cut off the tops of long branches and thin out the crown. In the third year they do the same. By the fourth year, the crown of the cherry tree will be formed.

Sanitary pruning is carried out every autumn. Cut off all dry and damaged branches. The cut areas are lubricated with garden varnish.

Prevention of diseases and insects

To prevent the development of diseases and the appearance of insects, it is important to carry out preventive procedures. In early spring, before the buds open, the trees are sprayed with Bordeaux mixture or copper sulfate.

Every autumn you need to dig up the soil to a depth of 15-20 cm. Insects often prefer to overwinter in the soil and lay larvae in the buds in the spring.

It is recommended to rake leaves in the fall, especially if there were signs of any diseases in the summer. If other fruit crops grow nearby, their health is also monitored. Trees have almost the same diseases, and cherries can become infected from a plant growing nearby.

At the first signs of illness, measures are taken immediately. This may be treatment with Bordeaux mixture or copper-containing preparations.

Winter protection

The Cherry variety Precious Carmine is frost-resistant, and it is not necessary to prepare protection for winter. For example, to prevent roots from freezing, the soil in the tree trunk circle is mulched with peat or sawdust. The optimal layer of mulch is 15-20 cm.

The bark is often chewed on by mice in winter, so it is wrapped in several layers of burlap or roofing felt.

Rules for planting and care

Precious carmine, “Carmine Jewel” is a cherry variety created for special climatic conditions by horticultural scientists at the University of Saskatchewan (Canada).
The first tree of this variety was grown in 1999 by crossing common and steppe cherries. Several years of research were carried out, and in 2002 Carmine Jewel was introduced for production. The variety is intended for cultivation in sharply continental climates. It is there that it fully demonstrates its taste and productivity. The plant is characterized by low growth. Therefore, it is called both a tree and a bush. It reaches a height of approximately 2 m. The tree is convenient to care for and collect fruits. It can easily withstand frost up to 40 degrees. This is climate zone 2b. Precious carmine is a self-fertile variety. It does not need another pollinator variety to produce fruits.

They produce the maximum number of fruits at 7-8 years of age. Store fresh in a cool place for a long time, up to 3 weeks. The fruits are relatively large, up to 3.5 g, very juicy. Their color gradually changes as they ripen. The ruby-colored berries are not yet ready to eat. Ripe fruits acquire a dark burgundy hue and become almost black.

They taste neither like cherries nor plums, cloyingly sweet, without astringency. On the Brix scale, the amount of sugar in the fruit is 14% (14 g of sugar per 100 g of juice). Cherry juice is bright red. The pit is very small, so the amount of pulp is greater than that of cherries of the same size with a regular pit.

Cherry fruits take a long time to ripen, from mid-July to mid-August. Although all this time they have a red color and look like ripe ones, their taste is different. The fruits reach their maximum sweetness at the time of harvest. Productivity: Different sources estimate the yield from 4-8 kg to 15 kg per plant. The fruits do not fall from the branches after ripening. They can hang on branches until late autumn.

The fruits are consumed:

Fresh.
They are used to prepare compotes, jams,
Used to make wine.

The variety is resistant to diseases and is practically not damaged by pests.

Cherry Precious carmine does not require special care.

In early spring, before sap flow begins, the bush is pruned. Usually this is done in the snow. The plant is shaped as a vase with an open center or as a bush.
It is better to fertilize cherries in the spring. You can add two or three buckets of rotted manure to the tree trunk circle. Before this, the soil needs to be loosened. Fertilizing in the fall can cause damage to trees during the winter.
Constantly make sure that moisture does not stagnate at the roots of the cherry. Clay soil can contribute to this phenomenon. Therefore, when planting on heavy soils, it is advisable to arrange drainage for each tree.
In autumn, when the tree sheds its leaves, you need to water it abundantly. This will allow the Precious Carmine cherry to easily withstand severe frosts and reduce the risk of frost damage. You can protect it from frost and rodents by wrapping the trunk with old tights or other available means. Such protection must be carried out for several years.
Whether to leave grass between the trees is up to each owner to decide for himself. The main thing is that it does not choke the young seedlings and does not take away their moisture and nutrients from the soil. It is not recommended to leave grass, especially weeds, between trees during the winter. This will increase the risk of damage to the bark of seedlings by rodents. The branches can be eaten by various herbivores, such as goats. Therefore, a fence needs to be made.
Slight damage to the Precious Carmine cherry by the cherry fly and other pests was noted. To combat them or for prevention, trees are treated with insecticides 2-3 times per season. In rare cases, cherries become infected with bacterial canker. Infected plants must be completely removed by burning all parts of the plant.

The variety is of Canadian origin, therefore it is adapted to the climatic conditions of the sharply continental zone. Breeders have been improving it for several years. During the latest testing of the fruiting potential of Carmine Jewel, scientists at the Canadian University of Saskatchewan assessed the characteristics of their creation according to generally accepted biological criteria.

Did you know? Twenty ripe cherries have the same effect on the human body as an aspirin tablet.

A self-fertile tree without the presence of pollinating neighbors can set up to 60% of its fruits on its own. Regular fruiting occurs in the 3rd year, its peak occurs in the seventh year of the growing season.

Maturation period

This variety is mid-season. Its fragrant fruits ripen in the second decade of July, but even having reached maximum ripeness, they do not fall off the branches and can survive on them until autumn. It is typical that the taste of the crop changes before it is fully ripened. Then the berries take on a dark carmine color, sugar content and juiciness.

Productivity

In this aspect, the low-growing plant, whose height does not exceed 2 m, pleased its creators. With each mature cherry, under favorable growing conditions, you can collect up to 20 kg of berries with high taste and commercial qualities. To increase productivity, breeders advise planting the plant near other simultaneously flowering cherries. In this way, you can achieve one hundred percent formation of the ovary.

Did you know? Ancient people used ripe cherries to make green food coloring.

Winter hardiness

High resistance to the harsh Canadian climate and unstable temperature conditions is one of the main goals pursued by the developers of the variety. As a result of long-term work, they managed to obtain cherries that painlessly withstand winter and spring frosts in the sharply continental zone. As a pleasant bonus, gardeners received the crop’s unpretentiousness to growing conditions and ease of care.

Application of fruits

Carmine Jewel berries compare favorably with other varieties with their sugary sweetness, juiciness of the pulp, elasticity of the skin and large size. On average, each fruit weighs about 4 g. Many compare its taste to a cherry-plum composition. Cherry seeds are small. If the crop is grown in a sunny area, the level of sugar contained in its fruits can reach 20%.

Based on these product and taste characteristics, the harvest of this variety is universal in use. It is consumed fresh, canned, dried, frozen, processed into juices, and used to make wines, liqueurs, compotes, preserves, jams, jellies, and marshmallows.

Did you know? The name “cherry” is of Slavic origin. He is associated with “height”, “the Most High”. For many peoples, this tree is considered divine and symbolizes life.

Fresh fruits can be stored for about a month. Thanks to these qualities, the variety was named Carmine Jewel, and in the everyday life of gardeners it sounds like Precious Carmine. It is based on the maternal traits of ordinary and steppe cherries, so the plant can develop in the form of a shrub or a dwarf tree and demonstrates extreme endurance and vitality.

This variety is distinguished by its unpretentiousness, but its yield is largely influenced by external factors and compliance with agrotechnical care rules. To avoid common mistakes made by novice gardeners, experts advise:

Monitor the moisture level under the cherries. Regular moderate watering is needed in the first 3 years of the Precious Carmine’s life, and subsequently the tree is watered abundantly during the period of flowering and ovary formation, as well as after harvesting. It is important that the soil in the tree trunk holes does not become waterlogged or dry out (especially in young trees). No more than 3 liters of water should be poured under each mature tree. Remember that excess moisture promotes the development of root rot and fungal infections, and during the fruiting period, excessive watering can cause cracking and rotting of the berries.
If in 12 months the length of the side branches has increased by 60 cm, then there is no need to feed the plant. If the growth is much smaller, in the spring it is advisable to add a mixture of humus (half a bucket), double superphosphate (100 g), and ammonium nitrate (150 g). Further fertilizing for cherries is relevant once every 2 to 4 years.
For the full development of the tree and in order to prevent its diseases, annually, in the spring, remove damaged, broken and dried branches from the crown. The cut site must be treated with garden varnish to prevent gum formation. It is also important to remove shoots growing inside the crown. For abundant fruiting, all branches must be well lit. Plan anti-aging pruning every 4 to 5 years.

When rejuvenating cherry pruning, the skeletal branches are shortened to an upward lateral branch.
To stimulate the winter-hardy qualities of young cherry seedlings, they are watered abundantly in the fall. It is important that by this moment the tree trunk circles have already been dug up (15 cm deep), otherwise stagnation of moisture will lead to damage to the roots. After that, the holes are mulched. At the stage of autumn preparation for cold weather, all trees need to be prevented from diseases. After pruning, do not forget to remove fallen leaves from the garden and spray the trees with a 5% urea solution.

Canadian cherry is a relatively new variety; it is very difficult to find cuttings for harvesting that can be easily grafted. Therefore, it is extremely difficult to reproduce independently. It is much easier to purchase a plant from a nursery. It is better to grow such a crop in those regions where there are nighttime temperature changes (hot during the day, cool at night). Under such conditions, the fruits begin to accumulate sugar, so in regions where this is not observed, the berries may remain sour.

Additional Information! Loamy soil is suitable for the plant. When planting plants in rows, it is necessary to maintain a distance between trees of at least 1 meter, and between rows - 150 cm. Row spacing can be expanded to several meters in order to harvest using special combines.

garden soil;
sand;
peat;
compost (necessarily rotted).

Reproduction methods

There are several ways to propagate cherries:

cuttings;
vaccinations;
young growth.

Cuttings for planting are prepared in the fall. Cut annual fruiting branches with 4 buds. Until February they are stored in a cool place. In mid-February they are planted at home so that they take root. In the spring, when the soil warms up, they are planted in open ground. After planting, the cuttings are covered with bottles so that they take root faster and are not killed by frost if there is a frost at night.

Another way is to plant with young shoots. They dig up bushes growing next to an adult tree, cut the roots that connect the bush to the mother tree, and plant them separately.

For grafting, cuttings and rootstock are prepared. Any variety of cherry is suitable as a rootstock. Cuttings are prepared in the same way as for propagation by cuttings. In the spring, a cut is made in the rootstock to create a “tongue.” The lower part of the cutting is cut at an angle of 45 degrees. Then insert the cutting into the rootstock and wrap it with electrical tape.

Another method of propagation by grafting is by bud. For this method, you will also need to prepare the rootstock and cut a large bud from another tree along with part of the bark. A part of the bark is cut out from the rootstock, then a bud is attached to it and wrapped with electrical tape so that it is visible. Closer to summer, the bud should be accepted. Then you can remove the tape.