Popular varieties of dwarf pears. Description of varieties.

Benefits of dwarf pears

Low-growing pears, like other small trees, have significant advantages over their tall counterparts. In particular:

• early fruiting - trees begin to bear fruit in the 3-4th year after transplantation;
• simple care - on a small pear it is easier to identify pests and diseases and harvest;
• large fruits - pears on dwarf trees are not inferior in size to fruits on tall ones;
• saving space - low-growing trees take up minimal space on the site, and they can be planted even in areas with close groundwater (with a groundwater level within 1-1.5 m).

The only serious drawback can be considered weak anchoring, i.e. close location of roots from the soil surface (no deeper than 1 m). Because of this, trees may not be able to withstand strong winds or heavy harvests and lean toward the ground.

We offer you photos and descriptions of several varieties of dwarf pears, which are popular among summer residents in different regions.

Features of planting and care

An area with loose soil and a small amount of clay is allocated for pears. Such a kidney allows air to pass through well and also retains moisture. The place should be well lit, without drafts. Planting is carried out both in the fall, until mid-October, and in the spring, in the second half of April.

Important! Consider the groundwater level

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it must be at least 3 meters.
Otherwise, the pear rhizome may rot. A couple of weeks before planting, it is necessary to prepare a hole - 45 cm deep and 100 cm wide. A nutrient mixture is added to it; for this, combine:

• 1 bucket of rotted manure;
• 1 bucket of peat;
• 200 g of ash.

Planting process:

1. Then everything is covered with dug up soil so that the rhizome does not come into contact with the fertilizer.
2. A stake is driven into the center of the hole, which will serve as a support for the seedling - about 1–1.5 m high.
3. A young plant is placed nearby and its roots are straightened.
4. Fill the remaining space with soil.
5. Then a circle around the trunk is formed and 2 buckets of water are added to it.
6. When the liquid is absorbed, the area around the tree is mulched - sprinkled with fine peat or sawdust, and the seedling is loosely tied to a peg.

Video: instructions for planting a pear seedling

The plant is watered several times a season. They begin after the pear has bloomed - usually this process occurs in April - May. Depending on the age of the tree, the following is added to each m²:

• 1–2 years – 10–15 l;
• 3–5 years – 30 l;
• over 6 years old - 40–50 liters.

Irrigation is also carried out during the formation and filling of fruits.
The last time moisture is added is in the fall, after the tree has shed its leaves. After each such procedure, it is necessary to loosen the soil, while simultaneously removing weeds. Important! Before harvesting, watering is not carried out, as this can provoke the development of fruit rot and, as a result, cracking and falling of the fruit.

Feeding is applied from the second year of growth. The event is held in autumn and spring. Thus, organic substances are added every three years, but mineral substances are added annually.

In the spring, the procedure is carried out in three stages:

• during the period of kidney swelling;
• during flowering;
• after flowering.

During this period, nitrogen-containing substances are added, for example, an infusion of bird droppings at the rate of 500 g of active substance per 10 liters of water.
In the summer, two more feedings are carried out - in June and July. In this case, spray the plant with the following solution:

• 200 g magnesium sulfate;
• 10 liters of water.

Did you know? The pear contains a large amount of essential oils and phytoncides, which help in the fight against infectious diseases.

In early spring, before the beginning of the growing season, it is necessary to prune the garden. It is important that at this moment the temperature is above +5°C. Young seedlings must be shortened by 25% of their length for active crown growth. As for mature trees, they need to thin out the crown by removing branches growing at an acute angle to the trunk.

All cut areas are treated with garden varnish or oil paint.

Bere Ardanpont (Ferdinand)

The shoots of this winter pear variety have a dense crown, similar in shape to a pyramid. The fruits weigh from 180 to 220 grams and are shaped like curved bells. Pears are covered with a matte skin, speckled with brown dots, colored green, and acquire a yellowish tint during ripening. Inside, the fruits contain an oily pulp that melts on the tongue and has a characteristic tart taste.

Pear (Photo from iteading.com)

Bere Ardanpon pears are used as a component of many dishes - pies, compotes and jams.

Ferdinand's shoots cannot be called resistant to frost and pest attacks, but the variety is characterized by high yield and long shelf life of the fruit. It is recommended to harvest Bere Ardanpon from late September to early October.

Autumn

If you plant an autumn variety of pear, this will extend the shelf life of the fruit. On average it will be 1-1.5 months. The most popular varieties can be considered:

1. Marble . Allows you to grow fruits of a greenish color. They have a conical shape. The pulp is tender, juicy and grainy. The taste is sweet, practically without aroma. The tree itself has a conical crown. When caring, you need to pay due attention to watering. If there is a lack of moisture, the pears will begin to crumble. And here you can see more photos of the Marble pear and learn about the description of the variety.

Elegant Efimova . This variety is highly resistant to winter frosts and scab. The fruits have an elongated shape and medium size. The pulp is yellow-green, juicy and sweet. A subtle aroma can be traced.

Yakovlev's favorite . It is distinguished by large fruits. They are orange in color and can weigh up to 200 g. The fruit has a sweet and sour taste. The tree bears fruit every year. Since the variety is not self-fertile, it is necessary to plant summer Duchess next to it. It’s also worth looking at what the Yakovlev memory pear variety looks like in the photo.

Bere Moscow . Characterized by lumpy and asymmetrical fruits. They have a yellow color and a pronounced blush. The pulp is pleasant, juicy and sweet and sour in taste. The variety boasts excellent resistance to winter frosts, as well as rot and scab.

Otradnenskaya. Can be considered a leader in terms of productivity. From one tree you can get up to 200 kg of fruit. They have a greenish-red tint with a silver tint. Their shape is almost round. This variety is technical. It is distinguished by regular fruiting and excellent transportability.

Bere Gardi

Low trees of this variety bear greenish-colored oval-conical fruits. The skin of pears is covered with many brownish dots, their weight reaches 150–180 grams. Inside the fruits contain an oily pulp filled with juice, whose taste is often compared to the taste of sweet wines.

Pears (Photo from onlineorchards.com)

Scab-resistant shoots of Bere Gardi are sensitive to other diseases, including white spot. The plant does not tolerate cold well, but does not require planting in special types of soil. The harvest of this variety is usually ready for harvest in mid-September, and sometimes earlier.

Compatibility of pear with rootstock

You might think that with the beginning of the era of dwarf trees, any variety of pear could be grafted onto a quince and get a short tree. But it is not so. Some varieties are not compatible with quince. Dwarf pears are widespread - varieties Chizhovskaya and Sverdlovchanka.

The compatibility of pears with shadberry is much better than with cotoneaster. Many well-known varieties do not take root on it. Therefore, experienced gardeners advise using an intermediate rootstock compatible with it to grow pears of these varieties on cotoneaster.

Description of Veles pear variety

Velesa (or Daughter of the Excellent) - this is the name of the variety that appeared at the All-Russian Breeding and Technological Institute of Horticulture and Nursery Growing. The authors were Efimova and Petrov, and the varieties Venus and Forest Beauty served as the parent forms. It was put into state testing in 1998. Included in the State Register in 2001.

Veles pear is ideal for growing in gardens in the Central (including the Moscow region), Central Chernozem and Volga-Vyatka regions.

Veles pear belongs to the medium-sized varieties

Velesa is a medium-sized variety - the tree reaches 4.5 m in height. The young plant has a spreading crown, which over time takes on the appearance of a slightly drooping wide pyramid. The density index is average. The branches are curved downwards, powerful and long. Fruiting is ringed. The shoots are brown-brown and thick.

Fruiting occurs 5–7 years after planting. Velesa is an autumn variety.

The dark green leaves with a wavy curve are medium in size. The edge of the leaf blade is finely serrated. The surface is smooth. The petioles are long and thin.

Basically, the weight of the Velesa fruit reaches 160–180 g, but this is not the limit, because some specimens gain weight of 200 g. The stalk is long and of medium thickness.

Veles pear fruits look very appetizing

The fruits have a smooth surface and a broad pear-shaped shape. The skin is smooth, the main color is yellow-green with a slight red-orange tint.

The Veles pear fruit is juicy, tender and semi-oily. It has a sweet and sour taste and medium pulp density. Taste qualities are noted as high.

Distinctive features:

• Low precociousness.
• Autumn harvest ripening period.

Young Veles pear tree - video

Summer (early ripening) varieties

If you grow summer varieties in central Russia, you will be able to get a harvest by the end of summer. But fruits cannot be stored for a long time. It is best to pay attention to these varieties:

Bessemyanka . This is an excellent summer variety whose fruit shape resembles apples. They are greenish-yellow in color and have a pink blush. The pulp is tender, juicy and moderately sweet. The variety is distinguished by its high resistance to winter frosts. But it cannot boast of strong immunity to scab.

Duchess . This variety is one of the most famous. Its fruits are small in size and covered with thick skin on top. The ripe fruit is yellow-green in color with a pink blush. The pulp is characterized by a granular structure, sweet taste and juiciness. The tree has a pyramid-shaped crown. The variety needs frequent watering and protection from severe frosts. But what reviews exist about the Duchess pear variety are outlined in this article.

Oily . The variety received this name due to the fact that it has incredibly delicate white pulp. The fruits are large, yellow in color with red stripes. The skin is very thin and vulnerable.

Lada . This is another early summer variety whose fruits are presented in the shape of a cone. They are medium in size and yellow in color. Lada has a sweet taste and is highly resistant to frost and scab. Fruits every year. It is also worth learning more about what diseases of the Lada pear exist.

Now there should be no problems with choosing a suitable pear variety for Central Russia. Each of the given types of fruit trees allows you to grow the garden of your dreams, so that in the future you can admire not only its appearance, but also the excellent quality of its gifts.

Grand Champion

Quite a demanding variety. Before planting a tree, make sure the soil and temperature requirements have been met. The trees themselves are short, with a maximum height of 2.5 m. Their fruits are quite large, can reach a weight of 250 g, and are golden in color with an orange tint. The tender flesh is painted in a beautiful cream color, tastes sweet, but there are also sour notes. The pear produces a harvest 3-4 years after planting the seedlings, and it can be harvested in the second half of September.

A disadvantage of the Grand Champion, in addition to being demanding on soil and temperature conditions, is raschimerization - some fruits may have a shape different from the usual for the fruits of this variety of pear. However, the Grand Champion's harvest is not bad, and the fruit retains all its beneficial qualities for up to 4 months.

Self-fertile

For central Russia, self-fertile varieties are an excellent choice. Due to their unique ability, they do not require pollinators, and can also fulfill this role themselves for other trees that are not capable of self-pollinating. The most popular varieties remain:

Skorospelka from Michurinsk . It is worth choosing for those gardeners who want to get a harvest in mid-summer. The fruit is juicy, yellow in color, and their weight reaches 120 g. And here you can read more information about the description of the Michurinskaya late pear variety.

Rogneda . Medium maturity, begins to bear fruit in August. But they are picked while they are still green. The main advantage of this variety is considered to be strong immunity to various bacterial diseases.

Clapp's favorite . When growing this variety, you can get medium-sized fruits. They have a fairly thick skin and a pink blush. The taste is sweet and sour, and the flesh is juicy, tender and simply melts in your mouth.

Pear variety Elena

For the excellent taste of the fruit, good yield and resistance to frost and fungal diseases, the early winter variety Elena is popular. The frost resistance of a tree directly depends on its watering during the season.

Lack of moisture during a bountiful harvest can weaken the pear, and in severe frosts it can die.

Pears of the Elena variety are low- or low-growing, with a compact, pyramidal crown of medium foliage. Even in the most unfavorable conditions, they bloom profusely and set fruit every year. One tree produces an average of 40 kg of juicy pears per season.

The fruits are medium-sized, weighing 150-200 g, rounded pear-shaped, greenish-yellow, greenish-yellow with a slight blush when ripe. Under the skin there are gray dots and orange spots.

The white flesh of pears is juicy, dense, melts in the mouth, semi-oily, slightly tart, with a sweet and sour taste and a pleasant aroma. The fruits are consumed both fresh and processed: they are used to make juices, compotes, jams and other desserts.

Harvest and storage

The harvest time of pears directly depends on the variety. Fruits are harvested in dry weather. In order for fruits to be stored longer, they are picked along with the stalk. Place in layers in wooden or plastic containers (well ventilated). Each row is covered with straw or parchment. Pears are placed in a place with a temperature of +1...+4°C and a humidity of about 90%.

We recommend that you familiarize yourself with the features of storing pears for the winter at home.

Dwarf varieties of fruit trees are becoming increasingly popular: they are compact, which can significantly save garden space and also give it a more decorative appearance. Miniature pears are quite easy to care for, and the productivity of such plantings is in no way inferior to full-grown trees.

Pear variety Domestic

The winter variety Otechestvennaya can also boast of annual fruiting, high yields and excellent taste qualities of fruits. It was obtained as a result of crossing Dekanka winter and Bere Bosk.

The tree is of medium height, so when a seedling is grafted onto a quince, a dwarf pear is obtained. The fruits are large, greenish-yellow; at the end of ripening, a blush appears on them from the sunny side. The dark white pulp with creamy inclusions is very juicy, with a pleasant sweet and sour taste.

The Domestic pear variety is resistant to scab, immune to cold, has strong immunity, early fruiting and excellent appearance of the fruit. With good lighting and sufficient feeding, some pears can weigh up to 350 g.

Velesa (Daughter of the Excellent)

The autumn pear variety Veles, which is also known as the Excellent Daughter, was obtained by crossing the Venus and Krasavitsa varieties. Among its advantages are regular fruiting, high yield and quality of fruits, and good resistance to scab.

At a young age, the crown has a spreading shape, but over time it becomes broadly pyramidal. The fruits are round, symmetrical, non-ribbed. Their color is greenish-yellow; as they ripen, a reddish blush appears on the surface.

The pulp is cream-colored, medium-density, with an oily consistency. The fruit tastes juicy and tender, with a sweet and sour aftertaste. Since it is a dessert variety, pears are usually consumed fresh, but sometimes they are also used for preparations.

Pear in Memory of Yakovlev

The shoots of the Memory Yakovlev pear have a rounded crown. The ripe fruits of this variety are painted in a rich golden hue, their ribbed sides are covered with an orange blush. The weight of pears can be 130–150 grams; inside they contain cream-colored pulp filled with juice, pleasant to the taste, spreading a strong aroma. Drinks and jams are often made from the fruits of the Memory of Yakovlev pear.

Pear on the plot (Photo used under standard license ©azbukaogorodnika.ru)

The variety is not prone to scab, is frost-resistant, but does not tolerate drought well. The crop is ready for harvest in late August and early September.

Pear Parisian

The old French variety Parisian (bred in 1868) is distinguished by good winter hardiness and high resistance to scab and powdery mildew. Its advantages also include early fruiting (the quince rootstock begins to bear fruit in the 3rd-4th year), high yield and taste of pears.

When the tree grows freely, it becomes vigorous, while when grafted, it becomes small. The fruits are large and elongated. The skin is thick, dense and smooth, greenish-yellow in color, with numerous spots. As the skin ripens, it becomes lighter in color and some areas become orange and sometimes turn red.

The pulp is white and juicy, oily, pleasant, moderately sweet taste with a subtle sourness. The fruits are ideal for fresh consumption and can be stored for up to 5 months.

Winter

Miraculous

This tree has an attractive appearance, which is achieved due to its pyramidal crown. The height of the tree reaches 3 m. It is characterized by winter hardiness and high yield. The Miraculous also perfectly resists various diseases and parasites.

After planting, harvesting can occur in the 4th year. One fruit weighs 180-200 g. You can enjoy the fruit in September. The taste of pears is amazing. The pulp is white, juicy and has a sweet and sour taste. The fruits can be stored until March.

Talitsa

Belongs to frost-resistant. Frosts down to -38 degrees are not scary for him. The branches to the main trunk are concentrated at an acute angle. With age, the crown only becomes wider and more voluminous.

The pulp has a honey aroma and a sweet-sour taste. You can enjoy fruits in August. The harvested crop can be stored for no longer than 10 days. You also need to collect fruits from the tree in time, otherwise they will begin to rot and fall off. Has high resistance to scab.

Century-old

It will bear fruit every year. It is highly resistant to fungi and frost. It also has incredibly delicious fruit. Harvesting can be done in September. The weight of one fruit will be 130-180 g.

There is a slight sourness in the taste. The first harvest should be expected within 5-6 years from the date of planting.

Festive

This tree has an average size of 3 m. The fruits have a bright yellow peel, on which there is a pink blush. The fruit tastes sweet, juicy and has a tropical fruit aroma.

The crown of the tree is round and pyramidal in shape. The variety is distinguished by its high winter hardiness and resistance to diseases.

What the red gall aphid looks like on a pear, and how you can get rid of it, the information at the link will help you figure it out.

But what to do when the trunk of a pear turns black, and what chemicals can help, is described in detail in this article.

What diseases of pear leaves exist and what chemicals are needed to treat them will help you understand the information and photos from the article.

Description of the variety Rossoshanskaya beautiful

Consider separately the appearance of the tree and the fruit.

Tree

The trees grow vigorously, reaching a height of more than 6 meters. At an early stage of growth they have a narrow pyramidal shape, in the period of maturity - a wide pyramidal shape. The productivity of the shoots is insufficient, therefore the foliage density of the tree is insignificant.

The bark of the trunk is silvery in color. Skeletal stems are perpendicular to the ground, directed towards the apex. They have a burgundy-brown tint. The variety has mixed yields - on spears, small twigs, stem ringlets and on the ends of last year's old growths.

The shoots are smooth, elongated, and have a burgundy-brown tint. The buds are pointed and slightly elongated. Scales are brown in color. The leaves are emerald, shining, small, directed towards the top of the tree.

Fetus

Pears are medium in size, weighing between 115 and 120 grams. The largest ones do not exceed 200 grams. They are endowed with a regular classic shape with smooth edges.

The surface of the fruit is smooth with thin skin. The main shade of pears is snow-white amber, with subcutaneous emerald freckles. The cover shade is burgundy, weakly expressed, occupying 1/2 of the fruit.

The peduncle is elongated. At the base there is a small fruity fleshy influx. The saucer is miniature, boron. The cup is open type.

The seeds are small, long, brown in color. The pulp of pears is tender, amber in color with abundant juice. It has a sweet taste with a slight sourness. Consumers rated the taste 4.0 out of 5.0.

The inflorescence of this variety is an umbrella-shaped raceme with countless flowers. Inflorescences consist of 8 or 9 flowers. The flowers are snow-white, medium in size, not exceeding 3 centimeters.

They have a cup-shaped shape and a terry surface. The buds are snow-white and pink. The anthers and stigmas of the pistils are at the same level. Petals with smooth edges, compressed, folded.

Reference. Pear trees of this variety are partially self-fertile. But to increase the yield, several flowering pollinators can be used simultaneously.

Winter varieties

Often, when planning to plant several pear trees in his front garden, a novice gardener is interested in which winter pear varieties will be optimal for the middle zone.

Let's start with the fact that for such varieties the harvest time is mid-September and October inclusive. And they are called winter because they can be stored fresh for a long time and are excellent for whole canning.

So, what types of winter pears are worth paying attention to:

• Late Belarusian;
• Saratovka;
• Pervomayskaya.

Late Belarusian

This is an ideal option for those people who like to eat this fruit on winter evenings. This species has a beautiful and even fruit shape.

When a pear forms on a tree, it is first green in color, and then begins to turn yellow, and after full ripening it pleases the gardener with a ruddy side.

The late Belarusian pear has two main advantages: it is capable of producing large yields and is very resistant to severe frosts.

Saratovka

Another variety that has gained popularity in our country is the Saratovka dessert pear. This species is easy to recognize among a huge assortment of other fruits; it has a green color, which becomes golden after ripening.

The fruit is quite large and can reach a weight of about 150 grams. The taste of this variety is in no way inferior to all those described above: it is also sweet, with a slight sourness.

The main advantage of this variety is that the fruits lack the astringency inherent in many varieties, and they can be stored for over five months. As for the tree, it tolerates cold well, but drought is destructive for the harvest.

Pervomayskaya

And the last species, a worthy representative of the winter variety family, is the Pervomaiskaya pear. This species is harvested when the fruits are still green.

This variety can be stored in a cool place for up to four months, and the pear becomes even tastier during storage. This variety is also characterized by high yield, frost resistance and almost never gets sick.

These were winter pear varieties that gained great popularity among experienced gardeners. It is worth noting that today, thanks to the tireless work of breeders, new varieties of pears regularly appear, which are in no way inferior in taste and characteristics to the types described above.

But it is almost impossible to list them. For this reason, the most delicious types were presented above.